2521 results about "Tube furnace" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing a precursor for chemical vapor deposition of metallic rhenium and belongs to the technical field of material preparation. According to the method, ReCl5 is made to react in an oxidizing atmosphere, efficient solid-liquid-gas separation is conducted on reactants and products with a sand core filter bulb so that reactants, reaction products and waste gas can be effectively separated, the reaction products ReOCl4 and ReO3Cl are gathered in a collection vessel heated by an oil bath pan at the same time, oxygen introduction is stopped after reaction ends, circulation of inert gases is maintained, a tube furnace is cooled, the oil bath pan is heated at the same time to enable ReO3Cl to volatilize to enter a rectification unit to be collected, ReOCl4 is purified, and then the high-purity precursor ReOCl4 for chemical vapor deposition of metallic rhenium is obtained. By the adoption of the method, reaction efficiency is high, ReOCl4 and ReO3Cl are separated through rectification, and the purity of the product ReOCl4 is improved.

Methods and apparatus for controlling and delivering a vaporous element or compound, for example, selenium or sulfur, from a solid source to a work piece are provided. The methods and apparatus may be used in photovoltaic cell manufacturing. The apparatus may comprise a treatment chamber, for example, a box furnace or a tube furnace. The chamber may include an inner enclosure, an outer enclosure, and heating sources capable of independent thermal control, for example, in compliance with a predetermined heating schedule. The apparatus include devices and mechanisms for isolating the treatment chambers from the ambient environment. The methods and apparatus may be adapted to control metalloid vapor delivery in photovoltaic cell processing, for example, the processing of CIGS and CIGSS photovoltaic cells.

The invention discloses a method for preparing single-layer or multi-layer graphene through chemical vapor deposition, and relates to a method for preparing a graphene material. The method comprises the following steps of: placing a metal substrate in a vacuum tubular furnace or a vacuum atmosphere furnace; injecting hydrogen into a vacuum cavity under the situation of removing the oxygen in the vacuum cavity; heating to 800-1,100 DEG C; and injecting a carbon source gas into the vacuum cavity to obtain the metal substrate for depositing graphene. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a graphene film is deposited by cracking methane or other carbon source gases on the metal substrate (such as a copper foil or a nickel foil and the like) at a high temperature by using the chemical vapor deposition method; and therefore, the invention provides a method for preparing the single-layer or multi-layer graphene with an ultra-large area.

The invention provides a preparation method of a nano porous metal oxide/carbon lithium ion battery cathode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, weighting ferric salt or manganese salt and carboxylate organic ligands, and putting into a high-pressure reaction kettle; and after a polar solvent is added and dissolved, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction for 10-72h at 100-180 DEG C to generate a transition metal coordination polymer precursor; and after the transition metal coordination polymer precursor is washed and dried, decomposing the precursor for 0.5-6h at a temperature of 300-600 DEG C in an inert atmosphere in a tube furnace, thus obtaining a nano porous metal oxide/carbon lithium ion battery cathode material containing iron oxides or manganese oxides. According to the preparation method, since the transition metal coordination polymer precursor which is structurally designable and controllable is used as a template-type precursor, a nano porous metal oxide/carbon lithium ion battery cathode material is obtained by using an in-situ thermal decomposition method. The method is simple in process, and the obtained products have the advantages of high electrical conductivity, high specific capacity, good cycle stability, excellent high-ratio discharge performance and high energy density.

The invention discloses a transition metal phosphide/porous carbon anode composite material for a sodium-ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is formed by dispersive distribution of transition metal phosphide nano-particles in a porous carbon material. A preparation process of the composite material comprises the following steps of preparing a transition metal organic frame structure by transition metal salt and organic ligands through an in-situ growth method; respectively placing the transition metal organic frame structure and a phosphorus source on two ends of a tube furnace, heating the tube furnace, and meanwhile, circulating liquid inert gas into one end of the tube furnace with the inorganic phosphorus source to carry out heat treatment; and washing and drying a heat treatment product in sequence to obtain the composite material. The prepared transition metal phosphide/porous carbon anode composite material used as the anode material of the sodium-ion battery has high specific capacity, good rate capability, simple preparation method, low cost and wide industrial application prospect.

The invention belongs to the field of material science and energy storage and discloses a biomass-based porous carbon material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in a supercapacitor. The method includes the steps of: 1) drying and crushing rice straws; 2) non-carbonizing or pre-carbonizing the crushed rice straws, uniformly mixing the rice straws with an activator water solution and drying the mixture, or non-carbonizing or pre-carbonizing the crushed rice straws and directly mixing the rice straws with a solid activator uniformly to produce a mixed product; and 3) placing the mixed product in a tube furnace to perform carbonizing activation in an inert gas atmosphere at high temperature; 4) washing the carbonized product in an acid solution and an alkali solution, and washing the carbonized product with deionized water to neutral, and drying the washed product to prepare the biomass-based porous carbon material. The porous carbon material has excellent supercapacitor performance and is simple in preparation method.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a cathode material of a sodium-ion battery, namely sodium vanadium fluorophosphates. The method comprises the following steps: using a vanadium source, a phosphorus source and a carbon source as main synthetic raw materials; dissolving into deionized water according to the molar ratio 1:1:1.2 of vanadium: phosphorus: carbon, heating in water bath, and continuously stirring to obtain light green pulp; after vacuum drying, grinding, then transferring into a tube furnace, preburning in an inert atmosphere at a certain temperature rise rate, cooling and then taking out to obtain black VPO4/C precursor powder; mixing the VPO4/C with NaF according to a stoichiometric ratio, ball-milling for 3 hours, sending into the tube furnace, then roasting in the inert atmosphere at the certain temperature rise rate, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a positive active material NaVPO4F/C. According to the invention, cheap and easily-obtained pentavalent vanadium oxide or trivalent vanadium oxide is used as the main raw materials to prepare the sodium vanadium fluorophosphates cathode material through a sol gel activated auxiliary two-step high-temperature solid phase method, and the sodium vanadium fluorophosphates cathode material has the advantages of good stability, uniform particle size and good electrochemical performance. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of simple synthesis process, short period and low cost and is convenient for large-scale production.

A rotary tube furnace suitable for operation in controlled atmospheres at temperatures in the range of 1500 DEG to 2800 DEG comprises a generally horizontal rotatable graphite tube slidably supported on water-cooled split ring graphite bearings. The graphite tube is rotated by means of a stainless steel drive plate and is contained within a flexible atmospheric sealing assembly and enclosure for the containment of a selected atmosphere around and within the tube and allows for the co-current or counter-current flow of gas during operation. Radiation baffles in the interior of the graphite tube inhibit radiant heat loss at the ends of the tube. The graphite tube may be constructed in two or more sections having threaded ends for ease of installation as well as removal or replacement for maintenance purposes. A heating section of the tube is heated by a plurality of graphite electrical heating elements contained within an insulated heating chamber.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon nano-tube loaded nano-cobalt catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a cobalt salt in an organic solvent and then adding a ligand to obtain a mixed liquid; (2) transferring the mixed liquid to a high-pressure kettle, performing a thermostatic heating reaction, naturally cooling to room temperature and then orderly performing filtration, washing and vacuum drying treatment on the generated crystal or powder to obtain a metal organic skeleton product Co-MOF of cobalt; and (3) roasting the metal organic skeleton product Co-MOF for 100-180 minutes at a roasting temperature of 400 DEG C to 1000 DEG C in a calcination atmosphere of argon inside a tubular furnace so as to obtain the carbon nano-tube loaded nano-cobalt catalyst. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are low in cost, the production process is also simple, the reaction condition is easy to control, no template agent and surfactant are needed, the prepared product is good in consistency and environment-friendly; and the preparation method is beneficial to batch production and application of carbon nano-tube loaded nano-cobalt.

The invention discloses a carbon cladded ferriferrous oxide negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The negative electrode material is a carbon cladded Fe3O4 composite material and has a particle size in a range of 1 to 100 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: with NaCl used as a dispersing agent and a supporter, fully mixing NaCl with a metal oxide source and a solid carbon source; drying an obtained mixed solution under vacuum to obtain a mixture; placing the mixture into a tubular furnace for calcination in an inert atmosphere so as to obtain a calcined product; and rinsing and grinding the calcined product to obtain carbon cladded metal oxide nanometer particles. The method is safe and non-toxic and is simple to operate; during charging and discharging tests of a lithium ion button cell made of the carbon cladded ferriferrous oxide negative electrode material, discharge specific capacity can be maintained at 620 to 900 mAh/g after 30 cycles of charging and discharging at a current of 0.1C (with current density being 92 mA/g), and discharge specific capacity can be maintained at 600 to 760 mAh/g after 50 cycles of charging and discharging at a current of 1C (with current density being 920 mA/g); and the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery has high reversible capacity and good cycling stability.

The invention relates to a method for preparing nitrogen doping hollow carbon nanocages, which comprises the following steps that: (1) basic magnesium carbonate or magnesium carbonate is taken to be added into a reaction tube and is uniformly dispersed, then the reaction tube is placed in a tube furnace, air in the tube furnace is extracted, inert gases are filled into the tube furnace, under the condition of 10-500sccm of inert gases, the temperature of the tube furnace is increased to 650-1,100 DEG C, then the inert gas flow is guided into steam which contains carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), and after reacting for 5-240min, the temperature of the tube furnace is reduced to a room temperature; and (2) powder in the reaction tube is collected, put into hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid solution to be soaked for 5-720min, filtered, cleaned by deionized water and dried, so a nitrogen doping hollow carbon nanocage is obtained. The nitrogen doping hollow carbon nanocage which is produced by the method has the advantages of high specific surface area, large pore volume, high mesoporous ratio, good graphitization degree and the like, and is a metal-free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst with excellent performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of biomass-based nitrogenous porous carbon, the porous carbon prepared by the method and the use of the prepared nitrogenous porous carbon in a super capacitor. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) drying a biomass material, and grinding the biomass material into fine powders, (2) evenly mixing the biomass material powders and water or a dilute acid solution, (3) placing the above mixture into a reactor for hydrothermal reaction, and (4) drying and grinding an obtained hydrothermal reaction product, and calcining the hydrothermal reaction product in a tube furnace to obtain a nitrogen-doped porous carbon material with a large surface area. According to the method of the invention, cheap and renewable plant is used as carbon and nitrogen precursors, and the porous nitrogen-doped carbon material is prepared through a hydrothermal method. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, no need of an activator or template agent, low cost, environmental protection, and convenient operation, problems of strong corrosion, a high price of transition metal and environmental pollution caused by heavy metal are avoided, and the method is suitable for mass production.

The present invention relates to high nitrogen doped corrugated carbon nanotube material and its synthesis process. The synthesis process includes the following steps: mixing Fe source and proper amount of distilled water, soaking porous molecular sieve to carry ferric oxide or ferrous oxide, stoving and roasting at 300-1000 deg.c for 0.5-24 hr to obtain catalyst; setting the catalyst inside a pipe furnace, leading organic amine into the furnace under the protection of Ar or N2 and reacting at 650-1000 deg.c for 0.2-4.0 hr to obtain high nitrogen doped corrugated carbon nanotube mixture containing the catalyst; soaking the mixture in proper amount of or excessive hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or acid for 0.5-24 hr; and washing in distilled water, suction filtering and drying to obtain high nitrogen doped corrugated carbon nanotube material. The material has nitrogen content of 10-40 %, reinforced surface polarity, etc, and is suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a two-dimensional sheet-shaped titanium dioxide nanosheet material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soaking three-dimensional laminated Ti3AlC2 powder in an aqueous solution of HF at a room temperature, and removing an Al atom layer by use of a chemical liquid-phase dissection method to prepare a two-dimensional Ti3C2 nanosheet with laminated characteristics still kept; then, placing Ti3C2 in a tubular furnace, ventilating a gas mixture of flowing oxygen gas and argon gas after vacuumizing, realizing in-situ oxidization of the two-dimensional Ti3C2 nanosheet at a high temperature, then cooling, taking out powder, and grinding to obtain the TiO2 nanosheet. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, any organic solvent and additive are not needed to be added in the preparation process, process parameters are stable, the procedure is simple, the process is controllable, the efficiency is high and the cost is low; the prepared two-dimensional titanium dioxide nanosheet has transverse dimension of 5-10 microns, and single-layer average thickness of 50 nanometers; the prepared rutile type titanium dioxide nanosheet is high in purity and good in degree of crystallinity, and only contains very little antase phase.

The invention relates to a method for preparing lithium iron phosphate with high rate discharge by using ultrasonic coprecipitation, belonging to the technical field of energy source materials. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a ferrous source water solution, a phosphorus water solution and a lithium source water solution into a reaction kettle under a non-oxidizing atmosphere for coprecipitation, stirring and ultrasonic-processing to obtain a LiFePO4 precursor; adding the LiFePO4 precursor and a carbon source compound into water and mixing to obtain a mixture of the carbon source compound and LiFePO4, i.e. a final LiFePO4 precursor; merging the mixture into a tubular furnace for processing to obtain nanometer carbon coated LiFePO4. In the invention, the obtained nanometer carbon coated LiFePO4 has high rate charge, favorable electrochemical property and uniform grain diameter size distribution. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple process route and low energy consumption.

A preparation method for a combined modified straw active particulate carbon adsorption material and use of same. The preparation method for the combined modified straw active particulate carbon adsorption material comprises the following steps: 1) mixing straw powders, distilled water, a binder and a composite mineral, then pelletizing same, and then placing same in a tube furnace for pyrolysis to prepare straw particulate carbon; 2) introducing an inert gas into a modification reagent, adjusting the pH value combined and 3) soaking the straw particulate carbon into the combined modification solution for 30 min, and performing cleaning and drying, so as to obtain a combined modified straw active particulate carbon adsorption material. The combined modified straw active particulate carbon has a good adsorption effect on phosphate group in low-pollution water.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a large-area single-layer or few-layer molybdenum disulfide film. The main steps of the preparation method are as follows: firstly, sulfur powder and molybdenum trioxide powder are placed in two quartz boats respectively, a substrate is placed on the quartz boat loaded with molybdenum trioxide powder, and the obverse surface faces downwards; secondly, the two quartz boats loaded with sulfur powder and molybdenum trioxide powder are placed at a bottom end and an orifice of a quartz test tube respectively; thirdly, the above quartz test tube is placed in a tubular furnace, the bottom end and the orifice of the test tube are located at the edge area and the central area of the tubular furnace respectively; fourthly, protection gas argon or nitrogen is inputted into the tubular furnace, a normal pressure is kept until the experiment is over; fifthly, the tubular furnace is heated at a certain heating speed, thus the edge area and the central area of the tubular furnace are in proper temperatures respectively, the temperatures are kept for some time, sulfur powder sublimates and reacts with gas phase molybdenum trioxide, and a large-area single-layer or few-layer molybdenum disulfide film is generated on the substrate; sixthly, the tubular furnace is cooled to the room temperature, and the preparation process is finished. The method is slightly affected by air flow, the repetition rate is high, preparation of high-quality large-area single-layer or few-layer molybdenum disulfide film can be achieved at a normal pressure.

The invention relates to a doped hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet, a preparation method thereof, a catalyst using the same as the carrier, and applications thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a single substance or compound of hetero atoms, a single substance or compound of boron, and a nitrogen compound into water, evenly mixing, drying to remove water; then grinding the solid, placing the powder in a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas into the tubular furnace, heating the tubular furnace to a temperature of 800 to 1200 DEG C by program to carry out reactions, after reactions, cooling to the room temperature; grinding the reaction products, then boiling the grinded products in hot water, filtering when the water is still hot, washing the filter residue by hot water and ethanol, and drying. The doped hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet is taken as the carrier to prepare a catalyst, the active components loaded on the carrier can be one or more of transition metals, and the catalyst is used to catalyze organic reactions. A high temperature pyrolysis method is adopted, and the controllable preparation of nano material is achieved through controlling the ratio of each element in raw materials. The method is simple, the operation is easy, and the yield is high. The doped hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet can be used as the catalyst carrier, and is capable of improving the dispersity and catalytic activity of metal nano particles.

The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: performing acid boiling treatment on the silicon-containing biomass so as to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, washing, drying, grinding into powder, carbonizing in inert atmosphere so as to obtain a composite product of silicon dioxide and carbon, uniformly mixing the carbonized product, magnesium powder and molten salts, and putting into a tubular furnace to react in inert atmosphere, thereby obtaining a porous silicon-carbon composite material that porous silicon nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in carbon. The method is simple and feasible in process and rich and cheap in raw material, the reaction temperature is controlled as heat is absorbed when the added molten salts are molten, the structure that silicon dioxide is naturally embedded into organisms in original silicon-containing biomass is well maintained in the obtained silicon-carbon compound, and moreover, the obtained silicon nanoparticles are uniform in particle size distribution and can be applied to the field of lithium ion battery cathode materials.

The invention discloses an ammoniated ultrathin graphite-phase carbonitride photocatalyst material and a preparation method thereof. The ammoniated ultrathin graphite-phase carbonitride photocatalyst material resembles wrinkled tulle, is in the shape of tulle with wrinkles and has a uniform thickness of 3 to 5 nm; and the surface of the material is smooth and contains rich amino groups. The preparation method comprises the following steps: acidifying melamine so as to obtain a protonated melamine supermolecular structure crystal, carrying out calcining in an inert protective atmosphere so as to prepare a graphite-phase carbonitride material and carrying out uniformization so as to obtain ultrafine powder of a graphite-phase carbonitride photocatalyst material; and placing the ultrafine powder of the graphite-phase carbonitride photocatalyst material and an ammonia-source substance capable of producing ammonia gas through thermal decomposition into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas for deoxygenation and then carrying out gradient calcining in the inert protective atmosphere, i.e., carrying out heating to 500 to 540 DEG C at first, maintaining the temperature for 2 to 4 h, then carrying out heating to 560 to 600 DEG C, maintaining the temperature for 2 to 3 h and then carrying out cooling. The ammoniated ultrathin graphite-phase carbonitride photocatalyst material has substantially improved photocatalysis efficiency and present excellent photocatalysis performance when applied to catalytic reduction of CO2.

The invention discloses a new method for producing efficient active carbon by using biomass wastes (walnut shells, rape stems, wheat straws, Chinese medicinal dregs and the like) as raw materials, using pyrolusite as a hole forming agent and using zinc chloride as an active agent. The method comprises the following processes of: (1) drying the biomass waste raw materials till the water content is less than 15 percent, mechanically crushing the raw materials, and sieving the crushed raw materials with a sieve of 100 meshes; (2) adding 5 to 10 percent of pyrolusite into the raw materials, and mixing the pyrolusite and the raw materials uniformly; (3) soaking the pre-treated raw materials into 3 to 7mol/L zinc chloride solution for 24 hours, wherein the soaking ratio (the mass of the raw materials to the mass of the zinc chloride solution) is 1:1-1:2; (4) putting the soaked raw materials into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas (such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas), heating to the temperature of between 400 and 600 DEG C, and performing one-step carbonization (synchronous carbonization and activation) for 0.5 to 1.5 hours; and (5) cooling, washing and drying the activated carbide to obtain the active carbon. The method improves the performance of the active carbon, reduces the preparation cost of the active carbon, and realizes recycling utilization.

The present invention discloses a high-voltage ternary positive electrode material for lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof. The chemical formula of the material is LiNi_0.6-xMg_xCo_0.2-yAl_yMn_0.2-zTi_zO_2-dF_d, wherein 0<x,y,z,d≤0.05. The precursor of the positive electrode material is synthesized by gradient co-precipitation method and the positive electrode material is prepared by solid phase method. The content of nickel in the synthesized precursor particles has a gradient distribution from the inside to the outside. The obtained precursor is mixed and grinded evenly with the lithium source and the fluorine source at a certain ratio and put into the tube furnace. The obtained precursor is then pre-sintered in the oxygen-enriched air atmosphere and then heated up to be sintered, to obtain the target product. The positive electrode material for lithium-ion battery prepared by the method is free from impurity phase and has a good crystallinity, which is a high energy density positive electrode material.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing graphene with organic acid metal salt. The method comprises the steps that a pipe furnace is pre-heated to 700-1300 DEG C, and protected by an inert atmosphere; the organic acid metal salt is placed in the pipe furnace protected by nitrogen, heated for 0.5-120min, and cooled to a room temperature; a solid product is obtained, washed, filtered and dried; and a graphene product is obtained. The method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, low cost and large-scale preparation under a formwork-free condition.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped porous carbon nano sheet composite material. The preparation method comprises the steps of performing high-temperature carbonization treatment on a mixture which consists of melamine and adjacent phenanthroline iron and serves as a precursor in a tubular furnace under an inert gas environment, and then removing dissolved iron compounds from an acidic solution to obtain a porous carbon nano sheet layer with carbon-coated iron carbide nano particles. The preparation method has the advantages that the technology is simple, the raw materials are cheap, and operation is easy to implement; in the prepared composite material, iron carbide is uniformly dispersed in the carbon nano sheet layer, so that the composite material is high in specific surface area and pore volume; iron carbide nano particles are completely coated by graphitized carbon, so that oxidization and corrosion are hardly caused; the composite material is stable in acidic electrolyte, and the battery activity can be effectively improved; when used as an electrocatalyst, the composite material is relatively high in electrocatalysis efficiency; the preparation method has an important value and significance in the field of preparation of doped carbon nano composite materials and electrocatalysis of proton membrane fuel batteries.

The invention relates to a method for preparing fluorescent silica nanospheres and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry and material synthesis. The main process of the method of the invention mainly comprises: (1) according to the prior art, calcining a certain amount of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA-2Na) at 250 to 400 DEG C in the presence of N2 in a tube furnace to obtain fluorescent carbon quantum dots; (2) mixing the fluorescent carbon quantum dots, deionized water, octadecylamine and methylbenzene, reacting at 160 to 180 DEG C for 12 hours, centrifuging, separating, collecting supernate and drying to obtain octadecylamine-modified fluorescent carbon quantum dots; and (3) mixing the octadecylamine-modified fluorescent carbon quantum dots with water, ethanol,ammonia water and ethyl orthosilicate, reacting at 40 DEG C for 1 to 12 hours, adding the ethyl orthosilicate and the hexadecy ltrimethyl ammonium bromide, reacting for 1 to 12 hours, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, drying and calcining at 300 DEG C for 3 hours and thus obtaining the fluorescent silica nanospheres.

The invention provides a method for preparing a nitrogen-phosphorus codoped multi-walled carbon nanotube, comprising the following steps: putting a quartz boat in which a FeMo/Al2O3 catalyst is laid on the bottom into the high temperature zone of a quartz tube in a tube furnace and heating the high temperature zone of the quartz tube to the reaction temperature in the presence of argon gas; adding toluene and triphenylphosphorus to a container bottle; after the triphenylphosphorus is dissolved completely, injecting the mixed solution into the quartz tube by a constant flow pump in the presence of ammonia; after the solution is gasified, taking the gasified solution to the high temperature zone by ammonia; decomposing carbon source toluene, nitrogen source ammonia and phosphorus source triphenylphosphorus in the presence of a solid catalyst FeMo/Al2O3; starting to grow the nitrogen-phosphorus codoped multi-walled carbon nanotube; after the solution is completely injected, stopping introducing the ammonia into the quartz tube; cooling the quartz tube to room temperature in the presence of argon; and taking out samples from the quartz boat to obtain the prepared nitrogen-phosphorus codoped multi-walled carbon nanotube.

The invention discloses a preparation method of graphite alkene like tungsten disulfide nanometer sheet, which employs a high temperature solid phase synthesis method, and the method comprises the following steps: mixing thiourea and WO3 according to mol ratio 20:1-41:1 and fully grinding, and containing the grinded powder into a porcelain boat; heating a tubular furnace to 800-900 DEG C and letting nitrogen in; quickly pushing the porcelain boat into a central heat zone position of the tubular furnace and processing for 30-60 min at constant temperature; then, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, and the graphite alkene like tungsten disulfide nanometer sheet is obtained. The invention has the advantages of simple technology and low cost, and the obtained product has high purity and yield, and is hopeful to be used in large scale industrial production.

The invention discloses a two-dimensional porous graphitized carbon-coated nickel-tin alloy material and preparation and application thereof. Carbon-coated nickel-tin alloy nano-particles are uniformly embedded into two-dimensional porous graphitized carbon plates to form the material. A preparation procedure for the material includes utilizing NaCl as a dispersing agent and a carrier, dissolving the NaCl in a nickel source and a carbon source, mixing the NaCl, the nickel source and the carbon source, drying the NaCl, the nickel source and the carbon source under a vacuum condition and finely grinding the NaCl, the nickel source and the carbon source to obtain a mixture; placing the mixture and a tin source to be subjected to gas-phase exchange into a tube furnace, and calcining the mixture and the tin source under the protection of inert gas to obtain a calcined product; washing the calcined product to obtain the two-dimensional porous graphitized carbon-coated nickel-tin alloy material. The two-dimensional porous graphitized carbon-coated nickel-tin alloy material, the preparation and the application have the advantages that the preparation procedure is safe and harmless, operation is simple, the yield is high, and the prepared two-dimensional porous graphitized carbon-coated nickel-tin alloy material which is used as a cathode material of a lithium ion battery is high in reversible capacity and cycle stability.

A method to prepare ultra-fine grain tungsten-copper alloy and the tungsten-copper alloy, it belongs to powder metallurgy technology field. The solution of concentrated HNO3 and solution of Cu (NO3)2 will be added into the solution of (NH4)2WO4 at the condition that they are blended, the chemical deposition reaction will occur in the agitator. And then the deposit will be burned and grinded to produce the composite powder of tungsten-copper oxidate. The composite powder will be reduced at low temperature in the pipe furnace, and nanometer tungsten-copper composite powder can be gained, and then they will be pressed to take shape, the pressed compact will be sintered at the protection of H2 and ultra-fine grain tungsten-copper alloy can be gained. The weight percent of copper in a kind of tungsten-copper alloy produced according to the above method is 20%, the relative density of the alloy is 98.0%-99.7%, the average crystal grain size of the tungsten in the alloy is 0.5-1.5 mu m, the electrical resistance of the alloy is 0.035-0.041X10-6omega .m, the heat-transmit index is 200-223W.m-1.k-1. The advantage of it is that. The densification degree of the alloy is high, the tungsten crystal grain is small and uniform, the copper is highly dispersed to compose a compact net. And the flow of it is short, the technology operation is easy and reliable, the production efficiency is high, the energy and production cost is lower, and an industrial production can be carried on according the method.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graded porous graphene material for a super-capacitor, belonging to the technical field of preparation of carbon materials. The graded porous graphene material for the super-capacitor is prepared by taking coal asphalt as a carbon source, taking nano zinc oxide or nano iron sesquioxide formed by a transitional metal as a template, taking potassium hydroxide as an activator, transferring a grinded mixture of the three into a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tubular furnace for heating under a negative-pressure condition through a one-step process. A specific surface area of the graded porous graphene material is between 664m<2>/g and 1862 m<2>/g, total pore volume is between 0.51 cm<3>/g and 1.60 cm<3>/g, average pore size is between 2.53 nm and 5.91 nm, and yield of the graded porous graphene is between 16.9% and 62.8%. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the cheap coal asphalt is taken as the material, preparation process is greatly simplified and operation safety is increased. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being simple in process, low in cost, suitable for industrial production, and the like.