2028results about "Rotary drum furnaces" patented technology

A thermal processing furnace, comprising:

• a generally bell jar-shaped outer reaction tube having a central axis; and
• an open-ended inner reaction tube for accommodating a wafer boat holding a plurality of substrates, which inner reaction tube is substantially coaxially disposed within the outer reaction tube, thereby defining a gas passage between an outer wall of the inner reaction tube and an inner wall of the outer reaction tube,

wherein at least one of the outer wall of the inner reaction tube and the inner wall of the outer reaction tube is provided with a flow deflector that protrudes radially from the respective wall into the gas passage.

A method of making metallic iron in which a compact, containing iron oxide such as iron ore or the like and a carbonaceous reductant such as coal or the like, is used as material, and the iron oxide is reduced through the application of heat, thereby making metallic iron. In the course of this reduction, a shell composed of metallic iron is generated and grown on the surface of the compact, and slag aggregates inside the shell. This reduction continues until substantially no iron oxide is present within the metallic iron shell. Subsequently, heating is further performed to melt the metallic iron and slag. Molten metallic iron and molten slag are separated one from the other, thereby obtaining metallic iron with a relatively high metallization ratio. Through the employment of an apparatus for making metallic iron of the present invention, the above-described method is efficiently carried out, and metallic iron having a high iron purity can be made continuously as well as productively not only from iron oxide having a high iron content but also from iron oxide having a relatively low iron content.

A system for monitoring plant equipment is provided. Another aspect provides an automated analysis system wherein software instructions operably compare sensor data to predefined valves and determine mechanical problems in multiple machines. In another aspect, a cement manufacturing system includes sensors for sensing movement conditions of cement making machines. A further aspect provides a central computer connected to vibration sensors associated with cement making machines, where software instructions perform real-time comparisons and machine performance determinations, based at least in part on sensed signals.

A system and method for increasing the amount of oxygen in a kiln chamber is disclosed. The radial surface of a rotatable kiln is provided with at least one oxidant injection port extending through the radial surface into the kiln chamber. A cam is connected to the radial surface adjacent the oxidant injection port. A valve assembly including a valve chamber in fluid communication with an oxidant supply is mounted adjacent the kiln substantially in fixed spatial relation with the rotatable kiln body. The valve assembly includes a follower member adapted to contact a surface to the cam to actuate the valve assembly. Rotation of the kiln body brings the cam into contact with the follower member, thereby actuating the oxidant injection assembly, and injecting oxidant through the injection port into the kiln chamber.

A method is provided for carbonizing and activating carbonaceous material, which comprises supplying the material to an externally fired rotary kiln maintained at carbonizing and activating temperatures, the kiln having a downward slope to progress the material as it rotates, the kiln having an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen provided by a counter-current of steam or carbon dioxide, and annular weirs being provided at intervals along the kiln to control progress of the material. There may further be provided an externally fired rotary kiln for carbonizing and activating carbonaceous material having a hollow rotary body that has a downward slope towards a discharge end thereof, and which is provided at intervals along its length with annular weirs for controlling progress of the carbonaceous material. In embodiments, there is also provided a process is for producing discrete solid beads of polymeric material e.g. phenolic resin beads having a mesoporous structure, which may be useful as feedstock for the above mentioned carbonization/activation process or which may have other utility e.g. as ion exchange resins. The process may produce resin beads on an industrial scale without aggregates of resin building up speedily and interrupting production. The process comprises the steps of: (a) combining a stream of a polymerizable liquid precursor e.g. a novolac and hexamine as cross-linking agent dissolved in a first polar organic liquid e.g. ethylene glycol with a stream of a liquid suspension medium which is a second non-polar organic liquid with which the liquid precursor is substantially or completely immiscible e.g. transformer oil containing a drying oil; (b) mixing the combined stream to disperse the polymerizable liquid precursor as droplets in the suspension medium e.g. using an in-line static mixer; (c) allowing the droplets to polymerise in a laminar flow of the suspension medium so as to form discrete solid beads that cannot agglomerate; and (d) recovering the beads from the suspension medium. There is also provided apparatus for forming discrete solid beads of polymeric material, said apparatus comprising: a first line for conveying s stream of a polymerizable liquid precursor; a second line for conveying a stream of a dispersion medium with which the polymerizable liquid precursor is substantially or completely immiscible; an in-line mixer configured to receive a combined flow from the first and second lines and to disperse the polymerizable liquid precursor as droplets in the dispersion medium; a vertical polymerization column configured to receive the dispersion medium with the droplets dispersed therein and to permit the polymerizable liquid precursor polymerize while descending the column in a descending flow of polymerization medium; and a vessel at the base of the column for receiving the descending flow of dispersion medium and collecting polymerized solid beads.

The present invention provides improved cooling of a veil of glass fibers by using a combination of nozzle assemblies. The nozzle assemblies include air caps of differing configurations to control the penetration of the spray into the veil. One suitable spray configuration is a nozzle assembly having punch air cap that creates a narrow exit angle, high velocity flow of droplets to penetrate the veil to cool the fibers at the interior. Another suitable configuration is a nozzle assembly having a flat air cap that creates a wide exit angle, low velocity, dispersed spray pattern to cool the exterior of the veil. Preferably, the flat air cap creates a very fine particle size to increase the cooling efficiency of the spray. By using the cooling ring of the present invention, lower levels of binder to be applied to the fibers and environmental emissions from the plant may be reduced.

A rotary tube furnace suitable for operation in controlled atmospheres at temperatures in the range of 1500 DEG to 2800 DEG comprises a generally horizontal rotatable graphite tube slidably supported on water-cooled split ring graphite bearings. The graphite tube is rotated by means of a stainless steel drive plate and is contained within a flexible atmospheric sealing assembly and enclosure for the containment of a selected atmosphere around and within the tube and allows for the co-current or counter-current flow of gas during operation. Radiation baffles in the interior of the graphite tube inhibit radiant heat loss at the ends of the tube. The graphite tube may be constructed in two or more sections having threaded ends for ease of installation as well as removal or replacement for maintenance purposes. A heating section of the tube is heated by a plurality of graphite electrical heating elements contained within an insulated heating chamber.

A material drying apparatus for substantially eliminating the liquid content of a sludge, the apparatus including a first stage operating at ambient pressure for heating the sludge; a second stage operating with partial vacuum for receiving heated sludge from the first stage for further heating and for drying the sludge by evaporation of substantially all liquid therefrom leaving a dry particulate material; and an evacuated cyclonic stage for applying sufficient centrifugal force to the dry particulate material to render this material odorless.

An inner seal ring 16 is composed by connecting a plurality of inner seal ring pieces 16A, an outer seal ring 17 is composed by connecting a plurality of outer seal ring pieces 17A provided at an outer periphery of the inner seal ring 16, and a coil spring 18 is arranged at an outer periphery of the outer seal ring 17. The inner seal ring 16 and the outer seal ring 17 are piled for two or more stages, respectively. A connecting part of the inner seal ring pieces 16A and a connecting part of the outer seal ring pieces 17 are arranged not to overlap each other. An inner diameter of the inner seal ring 16 is variable in accordance with an outer diameter in vertical direction of a drawing-preform 1 by using a coil spring 18.

The invention discloses an iron-making method by performing coal-based direct reduction in a rotary hearth furnace and melting in a gas melting furnace on lateritic-nickel ore. The method comprises the following steps: firstly mixing a certain quantity of coal, lateritic-nickel ore and a fluxing agent and then pelletizing, spreading green pellets in a rotary hearth furnace after the pellets are dried, and heating to the temperature of 1200-1300 DEG C and maintaining the temperature for 30-40 minutes to obtain high-temperature metallized pellets; hot-packing the high-temperature metallized pellets at 600-1100 DEG C from the rotary hearth furnace, and then transferring the packed pellets into a heat-accumulating gas melting furnace for melting at the temperature of 1420-1500 DEG C for 30 minutes, wherein the heat-accumulating gas melting furnace utilizes coal gas as fuel; and removing slag to finally obtain high-nickel ferronickel alloy. The iron-making method has the advantages of simple process, short flow, high efficiency, high nickel recovery rate and no need of coking coal and is applicable to the treatment of lateritic-nickel ore.

The invention discloses a low-heat-conduction multi-layer mullite brick and a preparation method thereof. Mullite with low heat conduction coefficient is utilized as a main raw material, a small amount of silicon carbide is added, a novel binding agent is utilized to replace clay, and a multi-layer composite structure is adopted. The heat conduction coefficient of a product is far lower than that of like products, thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance of the product are greatly improved by means of excellent high temperature performance of the mullite, the service life of the product is prolonged, and simultaneously the energy-saving and consumption-reducing effect is obvious.

Inorganic fiber production processes and systems are disclosed. One process includes providing a molten inorganic fiberizable material, forming substantially vertical primary fibers from the molten material, and attenuating the primary fibers using an oxy-fuel fiberization burner. Other processes include forming a composition comprising combustion gases, aspirated air and inorganic fibers, and preheating a fuel stream and/or an oxidant stream prior to combustion in a fiberization burner using heat developed during the process. Flame temperature of fiberization burners may be controlled by monitoring various burner parameters. This abstract allows a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure. It will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

A rotary drum configured for the efficient blending, cooling, and screening of granular products having an outer cylindrical shell, an intake end, and an exit or discharge end. The rotary drum is normally rotated at a predetermined speed by means of a conventional drive package. Disposed on an inner surface of the cylindrical shell is a plurality of compound helical flights and scoops or lifts, configured to blend granular product as it cascades from the intake end to the discharge or exit end of the rotary drum. A coaxially disposed cylindrical air passage adjacent the discharge end of the rotary drum, comprising an inner cylinder, that directs a counter flow of cooling air through the rotary drum towards the intake end, for cooling the cascading granular product as it approaches the screening segment of the rotary drum. The rotary drum having a plurality of discharge ports and grading screens just before its discharge end, provided in the surface of the outer cylindrical shell adjacent to the discharge end, to allow for the passage of air for attaining dust collection, while the counter flowing cooling air passes through the internally arranged inner cylinder to achieve the cooling effect within the rotary drum.

The invention relates to a method for collecting ferronickel concentrate from lateritic nickel ores by a rotary kiln. The lateritic nickel ores are crushed, stirred and mixed with a carbonaceous reducing agent and a compound additive, made into pellets by a ball press or a marble machine and put into the rotary kiln for reducing and roasting; waste heat at the front part of the rotary kiln is used for carrying out the drying and preheating of the pellets; the high-temperature area of the rotary kiln is 9 to 10 meters away from a kiln outlet; the temperature of the high-temperature area is controlled to be 1000 to 1300 DEG C; roasting time is 0.5 to 2 hours; the dried pellets enter the high-temperature area of the rotary kiln for reducing and roasting; a magnetic separator with a magnetic field intensity of 3000 to 5000 gauss is adopted to sort roasted material obtained after water quenching and wet ball milling, thus obtaining high-content ferronickel concentrate; the method can realize the simultaneous recycling of nickel and iron and obtain the high-content ferronickel concentrate; the content of nickel is 5 to 13 percent and the recycling rate of nickel is 85 to 93 percent; the content of iron is 30 to 75 percent and the recycling rate of nickel is 60 to 85 percent; the reasonable utilization of the waste heat during process procedure achieves the purposes of saving energy and reducing discharge and greatly reduces pollution to the environment.

The invention provides a treatment method of laterite-nickel ore. The method comprises the following steps: pelleting laterite-nickel ore, a reducer and additives to obtain laterite-nickel ore pellets; carrying out reducing roasting on the laterite-nickel ore pellets in a rotary hearth furnace to obtain a reduction product; quenching the reduction product with water; crushing the quenched reduction product; carrying out separation on the crushed reduction product by using a jigging machine to obtain nickel iron granules and tailings; and carrying out wet ball milling and wet magnetic separation on the obtained tailings to obtain nickel iron refined powder and tailings. The method can be utilized to obviously enhance the yield and quality of the product.

The present invention discloses a method for adopting the limonite and the siderite to produce iron powder and a reduction roaster. The material adopts the limonite and the siderite or the specularite, the hematite, and the sulphuric acid slag, the inclined rotary reduction roaster is used, the pressure of the furnace chamber is 250 to 350 Pa, under the deoxidizing atmosphere, the inert solid is rotated and moved to 650 to 900 DEG C from the low temperature, and is cooled and magnetized, and lastly become the iron powder through the dressing by magnetic separation. The present invention is adopted to produce the iron powder, the resources is rich and the production cost is low, and through the utilization of the powder metallurgy art, the iron content of the iron powder is controlled and the activation energy of the iron powder is reduced, and the chemical reaction ability is increased, thereby the output of iron powder is high, the quality is good, the iron powder is loose and porous, the specific surface is big, the apparent density is large, the manufacture cost of pellets sinter and steel smelting can be reduced greatly, and the iron powder can use directly to produce iron oxide red as well as H and N synthetic iron catalyst, or produce ultrapure iron powder.

A multi-electrode system comprises a fiber support configured to hold at least one optical fiber and a set of electrodes disposed about the at least one optical fiber and configured to generate arcs between adjacent electrodes to generate a substantially uniform heated field to a circumferential outer surface of the at least one optical fiber. The electrodes can be disposed in at least a partial vacuum.

The apparatus integrated with ceramic bushing/s for manufacturing mineral/basalt fibers from natural basalt rocks is disclosed. The apparatus and the ceramic bushing/s are integrated into one unit capable provide all operations which are needed: melt basalt rock materials, homogenize basalt glass body suitable for forming fibers to be drawn/attenuated into continuous fibers and gathered into a strand of elemental fibers from 7 to 20 micrometers (μm) in diameter. Also the coarse fibers at the diameters from 20 μm to 100 micrometers (μm) having amorphous structural state which exhibit ductile/flexible properties. The ceramic bushing/s are designed to eliminate precious Pt, Rd metals using instead corrosion resistant ceramic materials to reduce basalt fiber products cost and to increase its commercial compatibility when compared to the other fibers currently been on the market in reinforced concrete/composite applications, including Three Dimension Fiber Reinforced Concrete-3D FRC.

An apparatus for cooking a food item therein has a housing defining an interior and includes at least first and second opposed walls. A rotating member is positioned between the first and second walls of the housing, and the rotating member is capable of engaging and rotating the food item. A drive mechanism is mounted on the apparatus for rotating the rotating member. A heating element is positioned adjacent the second wall of the housing, and a blackbody radiator is positioned between the rotating member and the heating element. The heating element heats a first side of the blackbody radiator and a second side of the blackbody radiator emits radiation in a highly effective wavelength spectrum toward the food item. The apparatus also includes a self cleaning system for cleaning the interior.

The invention provides a copper smelting device and a copper smelting process. In the device, a shell of a rotary horizontal type cylindrical furnace body is made of a steel plate; an inner liner is made of a refractory material; the furnace body passes through two supporting rings and is supported on a foundation through four supporting rollers; one side of the furnace body is provided with a transmission mechanism; a motor is used for driving a speed reducer to drive the furnace body to rotate along a central shaft through a gear and a gear ring on a cylinder; the furnace body is partitioned into a smelting area, a blowing area and a refining area by a refractory brick retaining wall; a gap is formed at the bottom of the retaining wall; the bottoms of all areas are provided with a spray gun respectively; a charging hole is formed above the smelting area; a flue hole and a fluxing agent hole are formed above the blowing area; a main burner nozzle and an auxiliary burner nozzle are arranged on the shell of the furnace body end close to the two sides of the smelting area and the refining area respectively; and a slagging hole and a copper discharging hole are formed on the shell of the furnace body end on one side of the auxiliary burner nozzle. The device has a simple structure, a reasonable design and extremely good popularization value and application value and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The invention relates to a low-toxicity and environmentally friendly gold and silver oredressing additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The main raw materials of the additive comprise sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, urea and potassium ferrocyanide. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: heating the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the urea and the potassium ferrocyanide to 600-1,000 DEG C, and after the materials reach a molten state, continuing to preserve heat for 1-2 hours; directly cooling to normal temperature; and demoulding to obtain a nubby gold and silver oredressing additive. The product of the invention can be widely applied to producing noble metal mines, such as soaking, core spraying, and the like of gold oxide mines, silver oxide mines, copper oxide mines, and also can be used for industrial production industries of electroplating, and the like for replacing highly toxic sodium cyanide chemicals. Compared with other non-toxic sodium cyanide drugs, the additive provided by the invention has the advantages of good effect, stable drug properties, environmental friendliness, lower cost, and the like.

The invention disclose a production process for melting blister copper in a bath by side-blowing of oxygen enrichment and special apparatuses thereof, the process comprises the steps of melting concentrate of copper, diluting the slug and air refining copper matte, which is to say, adding the material comprising copper, quartz, limestone and fine coal into the furnace of bath and blowing the high pressure oxygen enrichment air into the furnace, the formed copper matte, slug are ceaselessly flowed into a diluting electric furnace, manufacturing acid after recycling waste heat by smoke gas at high temperature; overheating the slug through an electrode and separating the slug from copper matte to obtain the diluted slug and copper matte which is fed into the continuously-air-refining furnace through a chute slipway; reacting the copper matte with arenaceous quartz under the effect of compressed air to obtain the blister copper, performing mineral dressing to the air-refined slug, manufacturing the acid with SO<2>; the invention has less process investment, high heat utilization rate, low energy consumption, good effect of environmental protection, compact apparatus structure, small occupied area, great processing ability, light sticking in air flue, simple operations, diverse measures in adjusting the condition of furnace which is easy to control, high level of mechanization and low labor intensity.

The invention discloses a rotary furnace which is cylindrical, a charging opening which is horizontally arranged is opened on the rotary furnace; a slag hole and a copper discharge opening are opened on a furnace body; a hole for mounting a burner is opened on an end cover of the furnace body; a vent hole is radially opened on the other side of the end cover of the furnace body with the hole for the burner; an oxidation and reduction air port is opened on the furnace body; a support is arranged at the lower part of the furnace, and the furnace body can be rotated on the support. The process for processing mixed copper or block-shaped crude copper by utilizing the rotary furnace adopts heavy oil, natural gas, pulverized coal and other fuels, oxygen can also be added for combustion for providing a heat source for melting solid copper materials, compressed air is taken as an oxidant, quartz sand is taken as a flux, the impurities are removed by oxidation and slagging, then the natural gas or LPG, etc., is introduced for reduction, thereby producing anode copper; flue gas is introduced into a secondary combustion and waste heat boiler for carrying out waste heat recovery, cooling and dust collection by a smoke cover. The rotary furnace has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, energy conservation, good environmental protection effect, high degree of automation and mechanization, safe operation, relatively low investment, but no no black smoke pollution, etc., thereby being particularly applicable to large and medium-sized mixed copper refineries for use.

A Rotary thermal processor for particulate materials has a rotating drum and a rotating hollow auger. A stationary cylindrical oven with stationary coils surrounds the rotating drum. Hot gas heats a first part of the oven, coil and drum. A rotating hollow auger is heated with hot fluid from the coils. Oven exhaust sweeps evaporated and volatized components of the treated materials to separators and a thermal oxidizer. Cleaned gas from the thermal oxidizer heats a second part of the oven coil and drum and exits a stack. The rotating drum and auger lifts and turns the treated material as it is advanced by the auger.

A waste heat controller controls waste heat quantity of an engine according to a required heat quantity along with a heat-utilize requirement. When the heat-utilize requirement is generated, a fuel-increase-rate indicating a fuel increase quantity is computed. A reference fuel-increase-rate is established to be compared with the fuel-increase-rate. Based on this comparison result, it is determined whether the waste heat increase control will be executed.

An electric heating rotary kiln comprises a rotary pipe, a heat-insulating part, a belt pulley, bearing wheels, a heating system, a head feeder, a tail discharger and other parts, and is characterized in that: the part of the inner wall of the rotary pipe or the heat-insulating part, which is in contact with material, is insulating material; the heating system at least comprises two electrodes or two groups of electrodes, one electrode or one group of electrodes are the anode, the other electrode or the other group of electrodes are the cathode, alternating-current or direct-current voltage is applied on the two electrodes or two groups of electrodes, the electrodes run through the rotary pipe to get into the rotary kiln and touch heated material, current gets to the material and then the cathode via the anode, so that the material heats as a resistor, and thereby the material is heated. Compared with other electric heating rotary kilns, the electric heating rotary kiln has the advantages that: the electric heating rotary kiln can be produced into an internal electric heating rotary kiln, the material can be uniformly heated for the material heats, the electric heating efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, and the heating and insulating measure is simple and convenient.

Method and apparatus for drying wet bio-solids by utilizing waste heat from one of a clinker cooler or kiln exhaust gases in a cement making process.

A method for making metal nuggets comprises heating a material containing a metal-oxide-containing substance and a carbonaceous reductant to reduce metal oxide in the material and then further heating the produced metal so as to melt the metal while allowing the metal to separate from a by-product slag component and to form granular iron. A cohesion accelerator for the by-product slag is mixed into the material to produce metal nuggets having a high metal purity, a large diameter, and superior transportation and handling qualities at a high yield and high productivity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and provides a pyrolysis garbage technology performed by means of a double-cylinder rotary kiln. The pyrolysis garbage technology performed by means of the double-cylinder rotary kiln includes the double-cylinder rotary kiln, a cement production line and technology connection pipelines, wherein the double-cylinder rotary kiln includes a pyrolysis passage, an ash heat return passage, a kiln head cover and a kiln tail cover; the cement production line includes a cement rotary kiln, a clinker cooling machine and a predecomposition furnace; and the technology connection pipelines include a tertiary air pipeline for communicating the clinker cooling machine with the kiln tail cover, a composite gas pipeline for communicating the cement rotary kiln with the kiln tail cover, a composite gas shunting pipeline for communicating the ash heat return passage with a composite gas eduction pipe of the kiln tail cover, a waste gas waste heat pipeline for communicating a side hot air inlet of the predecomposition furnace with a waste gas exhaust connector of the kiln head cover, and a garbage slag pipeline for communicating a side feed opening of the predecomposition furnace with a garbage slag outlet of the kiln head cover. The technology is utilized for processing domestic garbage with the cement rotary kiln for cooperation, utilizes the high-temperature pyrolysis garbage cooled by cement clinker to effectively avoid the dioxin generation conditions during the garbage incineration, and effectively utilizes the heat value of garbage, and further completely utilizes the garbage ash in a recycling manner.

The invention relates to a comprehensive recovery method of iron, vanadium and titanium for vanadium and titanium magnetite concentrated ores, in particular to the comprehensive recovery and utilization of the vanadium and titanium magnetite concentrated ore of which the vanadium content is higher. In particular, the invention is vanadium extraction through water immersion after the vanadium and titanium magnetite concentrated ore is performed with sodium activation and sintered, the vanadium product is made from leach solution, the remaining slag is performed with reduction quickly through a rotary furnace after carbon is added, the reduction product is melted through the electric furnace, to segregate the melted iron and the titanium slag, the melted iron is used to make steel, and the titanium slag is used to produce white titanium pigment through a sulfuric acid method titanium white technology. The method of the invention is applied to the refining technology of the vanadium and titanium magnetite concentrated ore, to ensure that the recovery rate of the vanadium and titanium is greatly enhanced, the recovery rate of the total vanadium in the iron concentrated ore can reach more than 80 percent, titanium is fully recovered, and the production of massive blast furnace slag is avoided.