426 results about "Radiant heat" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial process control, and discloses a vacuum induction heating process closed-loop control system applying an industrial mechanism model, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the input active power of an induction coil through a power monitoring unit, and measuring the total external radiation heat flux of the outer wall of a vacuum chamber by a heat flow sensing unit; the embedded decision-making module calculates the thermal-electric response ratio and the time derivative thereof in real time, judges the phase change critical state of the material based on the derivative change and generates a regulation and control instruction, through dynamic capture of the thermal-electric energy balance relation, recognition of the phase change critical point of the material is achieved, and by combining working condition pre-judgment of the vibration spectrum entropy and current ripple characteristic arbitration, the phase change critical state of the material is judged. An anti-interference multi-verification mechanism is constructed, and the robustness of the control system under the preset working condition is improved.

The invention discloses a building energy consumption management and control method, belongs to the technical field of building energy-saving control, and solves the problems of response lag and energy waste caused by independent operation of a lighting system and an HVAC system. According to the technical scheme, a building parameter database is pre-stored; environment data and equipment power consumption are collected in real time; calculating a solar radiation thermal gain coefficient and a thermal load influence quantity of illumination on the HVAC; when the dynamic coupling factor exceeds a first threshold value or the variation of the illumination intensity exceeds a second threshold value within a preset time, triggering collaborative optimization; a lighting target power consumption value (the compensated lighting power consumption is not lower than a preset proportion of the basic lighting demand value) is synchronously generated after response, and the HVAC set temperature is corrected based on the thermal gain coefficient; and finally a control instruction is issued. The method is mainly used for real-time energy consumption collaborative optimization of large-scale public buildings.

The invention discloses a boiler energy efficiency prediction method and system based on sampling flue gas component analysis. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring heat flux density data of a plurality of radial positions, and inverting a temperature distribution profile through a radiation heat flux prediction model; constructing a multi-component concentration layering graph based on the diffusion equation and the component transport equation; constructing a sampling path optimization model by using temperature gradient and concentration fluctuation intensity information, driving a dynamic telescopic sampling probe to arrange a sampling position, and collecting a flue gas sample; the analysis model determines original concentration data, thermal-mass offset correction is executed in combination with temperature distribution, and a concentration correction function is constructed to obtain a corrected concentration value; and fusing boiler operation condition data, and inputting into the energy efficiency prediction model to output a heat efficiency index. According to the method, temperature field inversion driven by heat flux density is constructed, a multi-component concentration layering graph is generated in combination with a diffusion and transport model, and the spatial representativeness of flue gas sampling, the physical authenticity of component data and the accuracy of energy efficiency prediction are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of jet flow flame disaster-causing parameter prediction, and discloses a jet flow diffusion flame size and radiation characteristic prediction method and system based on a machine learning method. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a flame size empirical model based on experimental data characteristics; constructing a machine learning model to predict flame height, width and lifting height, and combining the empirical model as a loss function with the empirical model; mass flow is determined according to the gas parameters, and a flame dwell time and radiation fraction calculation model is established in combination with a flame width prediction model; and establishing a flame total radiation power calculation model and a radiation source weighted distribution model, and solving the radiation heat flux by combining a flame height and lifting height prediction model. The prediction method provided by the invention can be used for predicting the sizes and radiation characteristics of jet diffusion flames with different scales under various working conditions, and has the characteristics of high prediction efficiency, high prediction precision, wide application range and the like.

The utility model discloses a battery device and an electric device. The battery device comprises a plurality of single batteries, a composite heat insulation pad is arranged between every two adjacent single batteries, each composite heat insulation pad comprises at least one first heat insulation layer and at least one second heat insulation layer, and the first heat insulation layers and the second heat insulation layers are alternately stacked. The first heat insulation layer is a ceramic fiber heat insulation layer or an aerogel heat insulation layer, and the emissivity of the second heat insulation layer is smaller than or equal to 0.3. The first heat insulation layer can play a better role in insulating heat conduction and heat convection; in the heat transfer process, besides heat conduction and heat convection, the form further comprises heat radiation, the higher the temperature is, the larger the radiant heat proportion is, the emissivity of the second heat insulation layer is low, most of the radiant heat can be isolated, the second heat insulation layer and the first heat insulation layer are structurally compounded, the total heat of heat transfer between the battery monomers can be reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. Therefore, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery device is reduced.

The invention provides a self-adaptive temperature-control energy-saving door and window regulation and control method and system. Wherein the dynamic sunshade parameters are generated by analyzing the geometrical characteristics of east and west facades of a building and combining the solar azimuth trajectory and the ultraviolet energy data. And establishing a photothermal conversion gradient field based on the parameters, and triggering a bimodal mechanism comprising photosensitive medium molecular orientation adjustment and shielding unit space redistribution. Two modes are dynamically coupled according to heat flow distribution characteristics, transparency self-adaptive adjustment is preferentially enhanced when the sun direction suddenly changes, and stepped shielding compensation is overlapped in a heat flow suddenly changing area. By arranging trigger time sequences of two modes, quick response and step adjustment form a complementary action chain in the space-time dimension, and dynamic balance of lighting and heat insulation is achieved. According to the technical scheme, by achieving intelligent dynamic adjustment of the transparency of the building door and window lighting surface, solar radiant heat is effectively blocked while natural lighting is maintained, and the dual effects of saving energy, reducing consumption and improving thermal comfort are achieved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a smoke shielding false alarm intelligent identification system and method, and is applied to the technical field of intelligent fire detection, and the method comprises the steps: synchronously collecting an imaging picture, radiant heat response data and a wind field state parameter of a suspected shielding region; the method comprises the following steps: identifying and identifying an abnormal shielding area in a picture; further analyzing the motion characteristics of the region along with the change of the wind field and the dynamic process of the thermal inertia change of the region; the core is to judge whether a time sequence lag relationship meeting a smoke diffusion physical rule exists between the two, so as to identify whether the shielding object is combustion smoke or not. And if the physical mechanism is not met, the alarm is inhibited, so that real fire smoke and non-fire interferents such as dust and steam are effectively distinguished, and the fire false alarm rate in a complex ventilation environment is remarkably reduced.

The invention provides an illumination radiation heat load dynamic prediction and compensation control method and system based on multispectral perception, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the illumination intensity of each indoor wave band in real time through a multispectral sensor, constructing a spectrum space coupling mapping model through combining the geometric structure, material absorptivity and incident angle information of a heat absorption surface, and carrying out the dynamic prediction and compensation of the illumination radiation heat load. Calculating an equivalent radiation heat disturbance quantity; thermodynamic parameters are fused to establish a thermodynamic prediction model, and the future room temperature change trend is predicted; identifying whether the disturbance type is a stationary type or a mutation type by analyzing the dynamic relationship between the thermal disturbance sequence and the temperature response; and a heat pump compensation control instruction is generated, and advanced adjustment is achieved. The problems that a traditional temperature control system is delayed in response to illumination thermal disturbance and inaccurate in recognition are solved, and the thermal comfort and the energy efficiency level are remarkably improved.

The application relates to the technical field of primary and secondary fusion complete ring network boxes, in particular to a high-reliability primary and secondary fusion complete ring network box, which comprises a box body, a ring network cabinet installed in the box body and a plurality of ventilation openings arranged around the box body. The primary and secondary fusion complete ring network box can utilize the phase-change material filled in the heat preservation box to absorb the external radiant heat and the residual heat of the equipment in the box during the day and stably store the heat, and the heat is conducted through the heat-conducting copper plates in the heat increasing and dew removing assembly at night, is then directionally transmitted to the inner wall of the box through a plurality of heat dissipation copper sheets, and the first temperature insulation cover wraps the rest of the side surfaces of the heat dissipation copper sheets, so that the heat loss to the air in the box or the outside of the box is prevented, the heat is forced to act on the inner wall, the temperature of the inner wall is prevented from being reduced below the dew point of the air, dew is prevented from being formed on the surfaces of the secondary elements and cable joints, hidden dangers such as the decrease of insulation performance and the corrosion of elements are effectively avoided, and the overall operation reliability is ensured.

The invention provides a heat preservation device and semiconductor heat treatment equipment. The heat preservation device is arranged on a process door of the semiconductor heat treatment equipment and is used for preserving heat in the reaction cavity; the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation assembly and a heating assembly, and the heat preservation assembly is provided with a containing space; the heating assembly is arranged in the accommodating space and is used for radiating heat to the heat preservation assembly, so that the temperature of the bottom area of the reaction cavity can be increased, and the furnace body of the semiconductor process chamber can be matched to realize uniform temperature field distribution in the vertical direction of the reaction cavity, so that the process effect can be improved; and all bearing positions on the wafer boat can be utilized, so that the productivity is improved.

The application belongs to the field of turbine blade thermal barrier coating of an aero-engine. Specifically, it is a structure design, a preparation method and a prepared coating of a double-layer radiation-resistant thermal barrier coating with a high-reflection layer and a high-absorption layer. The coating comprises a high-absorption layer and a high-reflection layer. The high-absorption layer can absorb part of the energy of photon radiation and re-emit it into the environment, while relying on a cooling gas film to quickly remove heat. Part of the energy of the photon radiation is reflected by the high-reflection layer again to the high-absorption layer after passing through the high-absorption layer, and the process of absorption-emission-cooling gas film heat dissipation is repeated. Within a set temperature range, the absorption rate of the high-absorption layer is determined based on the temperature difference requirement between the inner and outer surfaces of the thermal barrier coating, and the high-absorption layer material is determined based on the absorption rate. The application greatly reduces the radiation heat flow penetrating the coating, avoids the direct heating of the high-temperature alloy by infrared radiation, and significantly improves the heat insulation capacity of the thermal barrier coating and the service life of the turbine blade.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for testing radiant heat and humidity weather resistance of a building external wall thermal insulation system, and belongs to the technical field of radiant heat and humidity weather resistance tests of building external wall thermal insulation systems. Comprising a box body, a radiation device, a temperature adjusting device, a humidity adjusting device, a spraying device, an air humidity sensor, an air temperature sensor and a control system, the device introduces a radiation source for simulating the sun, is more suitable for the external environment used for building external wall heat insulation, can consider the influence of radiation on the building external wall heat insulation system, and increases the test state of the building external wall heat insulation system under the hot and humid conditions.

The invention relates to the technical field of textile materials, in particular to a thermal imaging and far infrared prevention fabric and a preparation method thereof.The fabric comprises a three-layer structure, the first layer is a base material bottom layer, the second layer is a reinforcing framework layer, and the third layer is a low-emissivity surface layer; the base material bottom layer comprises modified aramid fiber, the two sides of the modified aramid fiber are coated with low-emissivity slurry, and the low-emissivity slurry comprises nickel micro powder modified resin; the reinforced skeleton layer comprises a carbon fiber yarn and pre-oxidized fiber blend, and a conductive layer is attached to the surface of the carbon fiber yarn; the low-emissivity surface layer comprises nickel micro powder modified resin and ceramic micro powder. The preparation method of the fabric comprises the following steps: modifying the aramid fibers, pretreating the carbon fibers and the pre-oxidized fibers, coating by using low-emissivity slurry, bonding, and then carrying out hot press molding. The fabric can reflect 90% of radiant heat, and the emissivity lt of the spectrum at the wave band of 8-14 microns is achieved; the cable has excellent thermal imaging and far infrared prevention functions, has a flame retardant grade V0, and is suitable for various civil scenes.

The utility model provides a heating body and a heating non-combustion appliance, and belongs to the technical field of heating non-combustion appliances, the heating body comprises a supporting shell, a heating core and a fixing structure, a containing cavity is formed in the supporting shell, the heating core is located in the containing cavity, and the heating core comprises a heating wire and a capillary tube part; the heating wire is located in the capillary tube piece, the two ends of the heating wire penetrate out of the corresponding ends of the capillary tube piece respectively, and the fixing structure is used for fixing the capillary tube piece in the containing cavity. According to the heating body, the situation that in the prior art, due to the fact that heat conduction exists when the heating wire makes contact with the ceramic shell, heat radiated by the heating wire to the outside of the ceramic shell is little at the beginning is avoided, the heating wire can radiate much heat to the outside of the supporting shell when powered on, and preheating of the aerosol generating matrix can be rapidly achieved; and the time for preheating the aerosol generating substrate is shortened.

Method for operating a vehicle air conditioning system (1) with: a compressor (2) that compresses a refrigerant; an airflow channel (3) through which air flows to supply a vehicle interior; a radiator (4) which causes a refrigerant to radiate heat in order to heat the air which is to be supplied from the airflow duct (3) into the vehicle interior; a heat absorber (9) which causes the refrigerant to absorb heat in order to cool the air which is to be supplied from the airflow duct (3) into the vehicle interior; an external heat exchanger (7) located outside the vehicle interior to cause the refrigerant to radiate or absorb heat; and a control device (32), wherein the control device (32) is configured to perform at least one heating mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (2) radiates heat in the radiator (4) and the refrigerant from which the heat was radiated is expanded and then absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger (7), wherein the vehicle air conditioning device (1) further comprises the following: an auxiliary heating device (23) for heating the air which is to be supplied from the airflow duct (3) into the vehicle interior, wherein the control device (32) performs heating through the auxiliary heating device (23) when the heating capacity through the radiator (4) becomes insufficient, wherein the control device (32) compares a required heating capacity (Qtgt), which is the heating capacity required for the radiator (4), with a heating capacity (Qhp) to be generated by the radiator (4), and compensates for a deficiency of the heating capacity (Qhp) with respect to the required heating capacity (Qtgt) by heating the auxiliary heating device (23), wherein the heating capacity (Qhp) is a heating capacity in non-icing conditions (QhpNI) to be generated by the radiator (4) when the external heat exchanger (7) is not iced up, and any deficiency in the heating capacity in non-icing conditions (QhpNI) with respect to the required heating capacity (Qtgt) is compensated for by heating the auxiliary heating device (23), and wherein the control device (32) stops the compressor (2) and controls the auxiliary heating device (23) according to the required heating capacity (Qtgt) if an actual heating capacity (Qhpr) to be generated by the radiator (4) is less than the heating capacity when not icing (QhpNI) and a difference between the heating capacity when not icing (QhpNI) and the actual heating capacity (Qhpr) is greater than a predetermined value.

The embodiment of the application provides a smoke shielding false alarm intelligent identification system and method, which is applied to the technical field of intelligent fire detection. The method synchronously collects imaging pictures, radiation heat response data and wind field state parameters of a suspected shielding area. Firstly, shielding abnormal areas in the pictures are identified and marked. Then, the motion characteristics of the areas with the change of the wind field and the dynamic process of the change of the heat inertia of the areas are analyzed. The core is to judge whether there is a time sequence lag relationship conforming to the physical law of smoke diffusion between the two, so as to identify whether the shielding object is burning smoke. If the physical mechanism is not met, the alarm is inhibited, so that the real fire smoke and non-fire interference objects such as dust and steam can be effectively distinguished, and the fire false alarm rate in a complex ventilation environment is significantly reduced.

To provide an exterior laminate that can be used as an exterior component and is capable of sufficiently suppressing heat accumulation due to radiant heat such as sunlight. [Solution] An exterior laminate 10 is disclosed, having, in order from the surface side, a) a transparent film layer 1 containing an acrylic resin, c) a printed layer 2, and b) a colored film layer 3 containing a polyvinyl chloride resin, wherein the printed layer 2 of c) does not contain carbon black, the solar transmittance of the printed layer 2 of c) is 70% or more, and the solar absorptance is 20% or less. Preferably, the printed layer 2 of c) contains a perylene-based colorant and / or a phthalocyanine-based colorant.

The present application relates to the technical field of building thermal test, and provides an experimental device for coupling sky cold and hot radiation effects and a control method thereof.The device comprises a first radiation cooling component, a solar radiation component and an air cooling component, the first radiation cooling component is obliquely arranged on both sides and connected at the top to form a detection space, the air outlet of the air duct of the air cooling component is located at the bottom of the components on both sides, the air return port is opposite to the top, and the solar radiation component is fixed in the air duct away from the detection space on one side.The present application cooperatively arranges the obliquely combined first radiation cooling component, the air cooling component with air supply at the bottom and air return at the top, and the solar radiation component arranged in the air duct in isolation, constructs a detection environment balanced in cold and hot radiation, realizes coupling simulation of solar radiation heat effect and sky radiation cold effect, can more accurately test the performance of energy production type building envelope components, and solves the technical problem that the existing building thermal test device has low test precision and cannot meet the performance evaluation of energy production type building envelope components.

The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature-resistant steel pipes, in particular to an isolation type high-temperature-resistant steel pipe which comprises a steel pipe body and a flange, the end of the steel pipe body is fixedly connected with the flange, the outer wall of the steel pipe body is fixedly connected with a round block, and the outer wall of the round block abuts against a plastic pipe. The end of the plastic pipe is fixedly connected with the threaded ring, and the outer wall of the plastic pipe is connected with a high-temperature-resistant mechanism. Radiant heat can be reflected through the reflecting layer, the ceramic fiber felt can resist the temperature of 1260 DEG C, nano aerogel can also be used in a local ultra-high-temperature area, then the steel pipe body is inserted into a plastic pipe, the round blocks on the outer wall of the steel pipe body can abut against the inner wall of the plastic pipe, and an isolation distance is formed between the round blocks and the plastic pipe to the steel pipe body; the plastic pipe and the round block can isolate external temperature transmitted to the surface of the steel pipe body, and the quality of raw materials conveyed by the steel pipe body is improved.

The utility model provides a structure is prevented to come out in naphtha hydrogenation equipment, corrosion inhibitor jar has connected pipeline on intercommunication, the corrosion inhibitor jar in corrosion inhibitor is filled with naphtha hydrogenation equipment by connected pipeline to corrosion inhibitor, the outside of corrosion inhibitor jar with the outside of connected pipeline all is provided with heat preservation layer, the bottom of corrosion inhibitor jar is provided with radiant heat structure. Compared with prior art, in the scheme, the corrosion inhibitor jar and the connecting pipeline are heat preserved, and the corrosion inhibitor jar is heated, so that the corrosion inhibitor can maintain a certain temperature, and the paste-shaped substance is not separated out due to the low temperature environment, and the supply is not affected to cause the equipment failure.

The invention discloses a multilayer mesoporous powder composite insulation board for a high-temperature steam pipeline, which relates to the technical field of composite insulation materials and comprises six layers of composite structures, namely a reflecting layer, a mesoporous heat insulation felt, a mesoporous powder layer, a mesoporous heat insulation felt, a mesoporous reflecting insulation coating and a reflecting layer from inside to outside in sequence. According to the gradient heat insulation design, the reflecting layer, the outer mesoporous reflecting heat preservation coating, the second mesoporous heat insulation felt layer, the middle mesoporous powder layer, the fourth mesoporous heat insulation felt layer and the inner reflecting layer are compounded, and efficient heat insulation and steam blocking are achieved; and through interface strengthening, a high-temperature-resistant adhesive or an integrated forming process is adopted, interlayer stripping is avoided, and the overall mechanical strength is improved. Through the synergistic effect of the mesoporous powder, the reflecting layer and the sealing coating, conduction, convection and radiant heat loss are remarkably reduced.

This sweat volume sensor comprises: a sensor unit in which a heater is provided on a flexible substrate; and a calculation unit. The calculation unit measures the volume of sweat flowing on a region where radiant heat of the heater reaches, on the basis of the temperature of the heater when the power of the heater is controlled so as to become consistent, the power of the heater when the temperature of the heater is controlled so as to become consistent, or the temperature difference around the heater.

The utility model relates to a high-temperature material lifting device which comprises an installation frame, a sliding rod, a hopper and a driving mechanism. The sliding rod is slidably arranged on the mounting frame, the hopper is hinged to the two ends of the sliding rod, and multiple pairs of steel wheels are arranged on the side, close to the mounting frame, of the hopper and abut against the mounting frame. The driving mechanism is arranged above the hopper, the driving mechanism is connected with the bottom face of the hopper through a pair of steel wire ropes, and the driving mechanism can drive the steel wire ropes to move in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The mounting frame, the sliding rod and the hopper are simple and durable in structure, low in requirement for the use environment, capable of effectively avoiding high-temperature damage and high in durability; the driving mechanism is far away from the hopper and the mounting frame and is connected with the hopper only through the steel wire rope, and the situation that the driving mechanism is damaged at high temperature or low in durability due to radiant heat and conduction heat of high-temperature materials is avoided. The steel wire rope provides vertically upward pulling force for the hopper, the multiple pairs of steel wheels are forced to be tightly attached to the installation frame, and the situation that the hopper overturns forwards and backwards when moving along the installation frame can be effectively avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of building physics and artificial intelligence crossing, and discloses a traditional village dwelling thermal performance prediction system based on deep learning, comprising a data acquisition module for acquiring solar radiation, wind speed and direction, internal and external pressure difference and indoor and outdoor temperature; the radiation decoupling network module is used for predicting the net radiation heat flux of the outer surface according to the solar radiation, the sun position and the component posture; the microclimate permeation network module is used for predicting a convective heat transfer regulation factor according to the pressure difference, the wind and the opening state; the implicit state network module adopts a circulation structure and introduces an implicit thermal state vector to represent the thermal inertia of the enclosure structure; and an indoor thermal environment integration module that integrates the convective heat flux based on the heat balance and outputs an indoor air temperature predicted value. According to the system, through decoupling modeling of radiation, permeation and heat transfer of the enclosure structure, prediction interpretability of the indoor thermal environment of a traditional dwelling is improved, and the system is suitable for building scenes which are built with non-standard materials such as rammed earth and depend on natural ventilation.

A multi-layered thermal protection structure for hypersonic vehicles and its fabrication method are disclosed, relating to the field of hypersonic vehicle thermal protection technology. The structure comprises, from the outside in, a C / SiC composite material layer, a vacuum buffer layer, a white calcium carbonate layer, a solar cell module, and a thermoelectric generator. Through a five-layer synergistic design, multi-dimensional protection is achieved: the C / SiC composite material layer directly resists extreme high temperatures and ablation; the vacuum buffer layer blocks solid-state heat conduction, reducing heat transfer inwards; the white calcium carbonate layer reflects radiant heat, reducing heat input; and the solar cell module and thermoelectric generator convert residual heat into electrical energy, actively consuming heat. This integrated "blocking-reflection-conversion" design improves thermal protection efficiency by more than 40%, enabling the internal structure temperature to be controlled within a safe range of ≤100℃ even in extreme environments of 2000℃-3000℃. This invention achieves a comprehensive balance of high-temperature resistance, ablation resistance, low thermal conductivity, and high toughness.

The invention discloses a ship stern bearing interference press-fitting quality prediction method considering complex meteorological conditions. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a full-size multi-physical field simulation model; establishing a fluid calculation environment considering solar radiation; loading temperature field data for structural calculation; simulating a nonlinear contact interference press-fitting process; the press fitting curve, the press fitting contact area, the energy consumption in the press fitting process and the cylindricity error of the stern bearing after press fitting are used as evaluation indexes, and the press fitting failure risk is subjected to multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation. According to the method, the variable characteristics of the real environment temperature and the wind speed serve as the time-varying boundary conditions to be dynamically applied to the model, and quantitative evaluation of the dynamic change of the wind speed on the press-fitting quality is achieved; a solar radiation model and a DO radiation model are set in fluid calculation to realize accurate loading of non-uniform radiation heat flow, so that temperature field distribution of the stern shaft tube is accurately predicted; by constructing a multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation system, various failure risks in the press-fitting process are comprehensively identified.

The invention relates to a heating element, a substrate processing system comprising such a heating element, and a method for processing a substrate in such a substrate processing system. The heating element comprises an electrically conductive electrode, wherein the electrically conductive electrode extends along a path between an input contact and an output contact. The electrically conductive electrode comprises a segment along the path in which the electrically conductive electrode is split in at least two separate electrically conductive electrode branches which are electrically connected in parallel. The electrically conductive electrode and the at least two separate electrically conductive branches comprises a heating component which is configured for generating heat and / or emitting heat radiation when a current is running through the heating component.

The utility model discloses a kind of heat insulation type outer wall bricks, relate to outer wall brick technical field, including outer wall brick ontology, the side surface of outer wall brick ontology is inserted with decorative plate assembly, the outer wall of outer wall brick ontology One side is equipped with first plug block, the outer wall of outer wall brick ontology Another side is equipped with first slot, the inside of outer wall brick ontology is equipped with hollow layer, first cavity, second cavity and third cavity, the inside of second cavity is equipped with heat insulation layer.The heat insulation type outer wall brick, through decorative plate assembly adopts detachable design, it is convenient to maintain or replace decorative plate ontology, decorative plate ontology can also be replaced according to need appearance, and the inside of outer wall brick ontology is provided with hollow layer, first cavity, second cavity and third cavity, can effectively isolate the transmission of heat, prevent solar radiation heat through outer wall brick ontology transmission to indoor in summer, cause indoor temperature to rise, affect the quality of living and working environment.

This invention provides a thermally insulating porous material with oriented channels and its preparation method. The material comprises a polyvinyl alcohol composite foam matrix with oriented through-channels, heat-storing microcapsules dispersed in the matrix and distributed along the channels, and a heat-reflective layer covering the outer surface of the matrix. Its preparation mainly includes: uniformly dispersing the heat-storing microcapsules in a slurry containing polyvinyl alcohol and nanofibers; forming a matrix with parallel columnar channels through directional freezing and freeze-drying; subsequently, performing glutaraldehyde vapor crosslinking and curing; and finally coating the matrix surface with a heat-reflective layer. This invention constructs an oriented channel structure that effectively extends the heat conduction path and utilizes still air for insulation. By encapsulating phase change materials, it achieves heat storage and temperature buffering. The surface heat-reflective layer reflects radiant heat, giving the porous material comprehensive properties of thermal insulation, temperature regulation, and heat radiation reflection.

A substrate processing apparatus includes a processing container, a substrate support that is provided inside the processing container and supports a substrate, and a heating unit that heats the substrate supported by the substrate support. The heating unit includes a heater wire that transmits radiant heat to a periphery during heating, and a lens member that is provided at a position adjacent to the heater wire. The lens member is disposed between the substrate support and the heater wire to direct radiant heat toward a direction in which the substrate is located, and / or disposed between the processing container and the heater wire to direct radiant heat in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the processing container.