305 results about "Laser scattering" patented technology

A method and apparatus for measuring microstructures, anistropy and birefringence in polymers using laser scattered light includes a laser which provides a beam that can be conditioned and is directed at a fiber or film which causes the beam to scatter. Backscatter light is received and processed with detectors and beam splitters to obtain data. The data is directed to a computer where it is processed to obtain information about the fiber or film, such as the birefringence and diameter. This information provides a basis for modifications to the production process to enhance the process.

A silicon wafer characterized in that the laser scattering tomography defect occurrence region accounts for at least 80% of the wafer surface area and that the laser scattering tomography defects have a mean size of not more than 0.1 mum, with the density of those defects which exceed 0.1 mum in size being not more than 1x105 cm-3, and wafers derived from this wafer as the raw material by heat treatment for oxide precipitate formation, by heat treatment for denuded layer formation or by epitaxial layer formation on the surface are useful as semiconductor materials. In producing this wafer, a single crystal is pulled up under pulling conditions such that while the temperature of the central portion of the single crystal being pulled up from the melt is within the range from the melting point to 1,370° C., the temperature gradient Gc in the central portion in the single crystal pulling axis direction is not less than 2.8° C./mm and the ratio Gc/Ge, where Ge is the temperature gradient in the peripheral portion in the pulling axis direction, is not less than 1. By doing so, silicon wafers very low in surface defect density and allowing the uniform and sufficient formation of BMDs can be obtained.

The invention discloses a method and device for measuring particles by polarized light scattering. In a measurement process, an air sample to be detected flows through a testing region at a constant flow speed and laser is irradiated to the testing region after being subjected to focusing and polarization. The method comprises the following steps: (1) detecting Strokes vectors of scattered light of current particles after laser scattering, wherein the Strokes vectors represent the light intensity and a polarization state of the scattered light; (2) respectively calculating according to the Strokes vectors to obtain polarization parameters of the scattered light; (3) comparing the polarization parameters of the scattered light with standard polarization parameters of the scattered light in a standard library, and finding a particle diameter region and a refractive index which correspond to the proximate group of standard polarization parameters; and (4) determining the corresponding components of the current particles according to the refractive index so as to obtain component information and particle diameter range information thereof. The method and the device disclosed by the invention can be used for analyzing to obtain the component information of the particles; the particle diameter distribution of the small-diameter particles can be accurately distinguished accurately when being analyzed; meanwhile, the cost can be controlled well.

The system comprises: a X-Y precise stepping platform used for placing the optical component under test; using two laser beams to illuminate the surface of the optical component from both vertical and inclined directions; the generated scattered lights are collected by multi photoelectric detectors from different azimuth angles; converting the collected scattered lights into the electrical signals which are inputted into the computer; the computer controls the X-Y precise stepping platform to drive the optical component under test; making scan measurement, and comparing the scattered light signals with the scattered light signals used for showing the faults on the optical flat surface in order to realizing the location, classification and level of the faults on the optical flat surface.

The invention provides an anode material for lithium ion secondary battery using a coated graphite powder as a raw material. The coated graphite powder is coated with carbonized material of thermoplastic resin of a carbonization yield of not more than 20 wt % in a proportion of not more than 10 parts by weight the carbonized material per 100 parts by weight graphite powder. The graphite powder as coated with thermoplastic resin increases 5% or more in accumulative pore volume of the graphite powder having a pore size of 0.012 μm to 40 μm as measured by a mercury porosimeter method, as compared with the graphite powder before coated with the thermoplastic resin. The coated graphite powder has a mesopore volume defined by IUPAC of 0.01 cc/g or less as calculated with the BJH method as viewed from desorption isotherm, which is also equal to 60% or less of the pore volume of the graphite powder before coated with the thermoplastic resin, an average particle size ranging from 10 μm to 50 μm, as measured by a laser-scattering-particle-size-distribution measuring device, and a ratio of standard deviation to the average particle size (σ/D) of 0.02 or less.

An electrolyte membrane for an energy storage device, an energy storage device including: a matrix including an ionically conductive polymer composition including a polymer and a lithium salt; and a metal-organic framework in the matrix, wherein the metal-organic frame work is in the form of a plurality of primary particles, each having diameter distribution represented by Inequation 1:

0<σ²/μ<1.0   Inequation 1

wherein, in Inequiation 1, σ² is a diameter variance for the plurality of primary particles obtained by dynamic laser scattering, and μ is an average particle diameter of the plurality of primary particles.

The invention provides a process for preparing lithium cobalt oxide of lithium-ion secondary battery cathode materials. The process includes that cobalt oxide or hydroxyl cobalt oxide powders and lithium carbonate powders are mixed according to a lithium/cobalt molar ratio of 1.0-1.1 and calcined in an atmosphere containing oxygen at the temperature of 850-1100 DEG C; obtained mixture is calcined for 5-55 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen at the temperature of 850-1100 DEG C; calcined products are naturally cooled to reach room temperature and then grinded; laser scattered grain size distribution measuring device is used for classifying; lithium cobalt oxide semi-finished products are obtained by selecting an average grain diameter D50 of 8-20 micrometers; and a device with high-speed shear strength function is used for conducting coating composition treatment process on the surfaces of the lithium cobalt oxide semi-finished products. The process has the advantages of low raw material cost, high volume energy density, good safety, fine charge-discharge cycle performance, high pressurizing density and superior productivity.

The invention provides a method for calibrating a supersonic flow field density field. According to the method, a supersonic flow field density-nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering (NPLS) image gray curve is calibrated by adopting a comprehensive oblique shock wave and expansion wave calibration method based on an NPLS technology. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, uniformly scattering trace particles in supersonic incoming flow, and shooting a particle image according to the instruction of a computer by a charge coupled device (CCD); 2, continuously adjusting obliqueness of an attack angle alpha in a supersonic wind tunnel, and acquiring a group of (rhoi, Ii) (i=1, 2, L, n-1) data by changing the oblique attack angle alpha; 3, placing expansion wave generators in the supersonic wind tunnel, and acquiring the other group of (rhoi, Ii) (i=n, n+1, L, N) data by placing the expansion wave generators with different deflection angles; and 4, performing polynomial fitting on the two groups of data to obtain the supersonic flow field density-NPLS image gray relation curve, namely rho=alapha0+alpha1I+alpha2I2+alpha3I3+K. The method aims to solve the technical problems of low spatial resolution and low signal-noise ratio and high error on measurement of a low-density area.

A water-dispersed inkjet recording liquid excellent in water resistance and transparency and also excellent in the property of ejection from a nozzle, containing, as a colorant, a water-based dispersion of an organic pigment (A) which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a quinacridone pigment, a benzimidazolone pigment, an insoluble azo pigment, a fuzed azo pigment, a quinophthalone pigment, a naphthol pigment, a perylene pigment and an isoindolinone pigment and has an average particle diameter of 10 to 150 nm (measured by laser scattering), the water-based dispersion of the organic pigment (A) being obtained by mechanically kneading a mixture containing at least three components of the organic pigment (A), a water-soluble inorganic salt (B) in an amount by weight at least three times as large as the amount of the organic pigment (A) and a water-soluble solvent (C) to finely mill the organic pigment (A), and then removing the water-soluble inorganic salt (B) and the water-soluble solvent (C) by washing the kneaded mixture with water, and a process for the production thereof.

An aerodynamic state estimation system includes a real-time actual measurement device, an air data computer, and a plurality of sensors. The measurement device receives laser scatter energy indicative of one or more atmospheric data parameters and outputs one or more truth measurements. The air data computer module receives the one or more truth measurements, calculates one or more state parameter estimations based on a plurality of functional parameters, and outputs at least one of the one or more truth measurements and the one or more state parameter estimations as one or more high accuracy state parameters, The plurality of sensors, located at the air data computer module, measure the plurality of functional parameters.

A laser scattering based imaging technique is utilized in order to visualize the aerosol droplets in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch from an aerosol source to the site of analytical measurements. The resulting snapshots provide key information about the spatial distribution of the aerosol introduced by direct and indirect injection devices: 1) a direct injection high efficiency nebulizer (DIHEN); 2) a large-bore DIHEN (LB-DIHEN); and 3) a PFA microflow nebulizer with a PFA Scott-type spray chamber. Moreover, particle image velocimetry (PUV) is used to study the in-situ behavior of the aerosol before interaction with, for example, plasma, while the individual surviving droplets are explored by particle tracking velocimetry (PTV). Further, the velocity distribution of the surviving droplets demonstrates the importance of the initial droplet velocities in complete desolvation of the aerosol for optimum analytical performance in ICP spectrometries. These new observations are important in the design of the next-generation direct injection devices for lower sample consumption, higher sensitivity, lower noise levels, suppressed matrix effects, and for developing smart spectrometers. For example, a controller can be provided to control the output of the aerosol source by controlling the configuration of the source or the gas flow rate via feedback information concerning the aerosol.

The invention provides a display system and a display method for the NPLS (nano-tracer planar laser scattering) three-dimensional structure of a supersonic flow field. The display system is used for displaying the supersonic flow field in a test cabin, and comprises a synchronous controller, a computer connected with the synchronous controller and used for controlling the synchronous controller to send out a control signal, and a nano-particle generator, wherein the nano-particle generator is used for scattering nano-particles in the test cabin; the display system further comprises a pulse laser connected to the synchronous controller, wherein the laser beam emitted by the pulse laser forms a curved-surface light source or a conic light source via a lens group, and illuminates the supersonic flow field carring the nano-particles in the test cabin; a plurality of CCD (charge coupled device) cameras connected to the synchronous controller are used for imaging the supersonic flow field simultaneously and thus obtaining a plurality of nano-particle images of the supersonic flow field under different viewing angles simultaneously, and transmitting the images to the computer; the computer is used for analysing the plurality of nano-particle images of the supersonic flow field under the different viewing angles, and measuring a curved-surface flow field structure or reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of the flow field.

The invention relates to laser imaging technologies, in particular to a non-scanning photon counting non-visual-field three-dimensional imaging apparatus and method and is intended to solve the problem that the prior art is unable to image a non-visual-field scene. A pulse laser emits laser and gives a time signal to a multi-channel time-dependent single-photon counter; the reformed laser enters a wall, the laser scattered by the wall is reflected by a target and enters again the wall; the laser returned by the wall is received by a receiving optical system, an image side of the receiving optical system is given as many visual fields as a single-photon detector array; the multi-channel time-dependent single-photon counter calculates photon flight time taken by a photo entering the single-photon detector array from the pulse laser back to the single-photon detector array, so as to obtain time-photon counting diaphragms; a computer reconstructs a three-dimensional image of a target according to multiple time-photon counting diaphragms to obtain a three-dimensional image. The non-scanning photon counting non-visual-field three-dimensional imaging apparatus and method are applicable to three-dimensional imaging of a non-visual-field target.

The invention relates to an air quality monitoring method. Mainly aiming at the defects that a portable air quality monitor adopting a laser scattering method for measurement is poor in measurement consistency, large in noise, low in measurement accuracy and the like, multiple sensors are adopted for simultaneous measurement, data fusion is conducted on measurement results of the multiple sensors with a multi-layer neural network, and therefore atmospheric pollution particulate matter is monitored at high reliability and high accuracy.

An optical measurement instrument is an integrated instrument that includes an optical cavity with a light source, a sample cuvette, and an optical sensor. The light source and sensor are on a bench that is on a translational or rotational mechanical platform such that optical beam can be moved to multiple sample containers. The instrument can be used for taking measurements of organism concentration in multiple samples as a production tool for microbiology. Preferably, the instrument holds multiple, individually-loaded, independent fluid samples and determines bacteria concentration via a forward-scattering signal. The instrument can incorporate onboard incubation to promote bacterial growth in the samples during the test. In another aspect, the instrument can be a part of a network for medical diagnostic testing data where data is stored in a manner that is inherently untainted by patient identifiable information.

The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring the steam humidity and diameter of a water droplet of a non-contact type turbine. The method comprises the following steps of: respectively arranging a laser device and a CCD camera at the two sides of an observation window of a lower pressure cylinder of the turbine, and fixing the laser device and the CCD camera on a two-dimensional rotary table so as to precisely adjust the included angle between the incidence light and the optical axis of the CCD; maintaining a certain angle between the incidence light and the optical axis of the CCD so as to separate a slight scattered light from the strong incidence light to ensure that the CCD camera can detect the weak scattered light signal; adjusting the included angle between the incidence light and the CCD and maintaining a certain angle; measuring the intensity of the scattered light of the laser to the steam within 0-10 degrees, and calculating the steam humidity and the diameter of water droplet in the lower pressure cylinder of the turbine according to the relevant knowledge of distribution of the light intensity, laser scattering theory and the like. The device comprises the laser device, the CCD camera, a computer and the two-dimensional rotary table. The invention has advantages of high degree of automation, high precision of measuring, wide application range, high efficiency of measurement, online measurement and the like.

The present invention provides a method for acquiring personal identification data by extracting a ridge-and-recess pattern corresponding to a fingerprint or a knuckle joint and lines on a palm by utilizing characteristics by which subcutaneous bloodstream distribution is spatially modulated by the ridge-and-recess pattern on the surface when measuring a subcutaneous bloodstream distribution based on a bloodstream measuring technology utilizing laser scattering, and by acquiring the same as personal identification data based on living body information, and the same method for acquiring personal identification data includes the steps of: irradiating a laser beam onto at least a part of a fingertip surface or a palm; imaging reflection light from subcutaneous blood vessel layers at an irradiation spot to which a laser beam is irradiated by receiving the same on an image sensor as laser speckles; calculating a change ratio of a light-receiving amount at respective pixels of the laser speckles; preparing a two-dimensional bloodstream map of the irradiation spot based on the numerical values obtained in the step of calculating a change ratio of a light-receiving amount; and storing a ridge-and-recess pattern of the irradiation spot appearing in the two-dimensional bloodstream map as personal identification data.

The invention provides an integrated testing system for dynamic characteristics of visible light scattering and laser scattering of a space target. The system comprises a test track, a panoramic test platform, an attitude simulation subsystem, a solar simulator, a laser transmitting/receiving subsystem, a visible light detecting subsystem, a low reflection/scattering background and a central control subsystem. With the system, simulated measurement of visible light scattering characteristics of a measured target at different observation azimuth angles and angular altitudes in space with different sun illumination azimuth angles and angular altitudes in a laboratory can be realized; and the testing result can be used as a basis of the research of a visible-light detection sensor. Meanwhile, simulated measurement of laser scattering characteristics of a measured target in space at different laser radiation azimuth angles and angular altitudes in a laboratory can be realized and the testing result can be used as a basis of the research of a laser detection sensor.

A system and method is provided for monitoring and controlling the contaminant particle count contained in an aerosol during a photoresist coating and/or development process of a semiconductor. The monitoring system monitors the contaminate particle count present in the environment of the photoresist coating and/or development process, such as in a process chamber or a cup, enclosing the wafer during the process. The present invention employs in situ laser scattering or laser doppler anemometry techniques to detect the particle count level in the chamber or cup. A plurality of lasers and detectors can be positioned at different heights in or outside of a chamber or cup to facilitate detecting particles at different height levels. A laser could be used in conjunction with mirrors to provide a similar measurement. The particle count level can be used to compare with the defect level, so that it can be determined if a cleaner environment and/or process should be implemented.

The invention relates to a symmetrical multiple collimated layers pavement rut detection system used for detecting the rut indexes on pavement, which consists of two downward shooting cameras disposed on both sides of the rear upper part of the system carrying vehicle, a plurality of rear lasers transversely installed on the rear outer lower part of the carrying vehicle body side by side through foldable door shaped rods and front layers installed on the inner lower part of the system carrying vehicle body side by side through transverse connection rods. In practical work, the front and rear lasers send out collimated layer beams to the inclined downwards direction respectively which projects on pavement to form laser scattered lines, and the information of depth, left and right and size of the rut on the pavement can be obtained through the shooting camera imaging, digital image processing and calculating. Compared with the current technologies, By using a plurality of collimated layers instead of high bright line laser, the invention can reduce the damage to human eyes caused by the laser, increases the safety in pavement rut detection by laser, while greatly increases the service life of the detection system.

The present invention belongs to the laser radar field and provides a laser radar acquisition and ranging apparatus. The laser radar acquisition and ranging apparatus includes a laser output device which is used for outputting collimated laser, a laser scattering device which is arranged on the laser path of the laser output device and is used for scattering the collimated laser to 360-degree ring-shaped laser, and image sensing devices which are arranged around the laser output device and can receive laser signals reflected by a measured object in an all-direction manner. With the laser radar acquisition and ranging apparatus adopted, 360-degree full-angle signal acquisition can be realized, and angle resolution and scanning frequency can be improved.

This invention provides an inorganic fiber paper that consists essentially of inorganic materials and has a basis weight of less than 100 g/m² and has been mainly produced by a wet sheet making method. The inorganic fiber paper comprises inorganic fibers and an inorganic binder as materials, wherein the inorganic fibers have been bound to each other with the inorganic binder. In the inorganic fiber paper, the content of impurities during wet sheet making is low, the water resistance and flexibility are good, and satisfactory strength and high porosity can be realized. The inorganic fiber paper is produced from a material comprising 60 to 97% by mass of inorganic fibers having an average fiber diameter of not more than 5 μm and 3 to 40% by mass of an inorganic binder composed mainly of a silica-based flaky inorganic material that has a hydroxyl group content per specific surface area of not less than 20 μmol/m² as measured by a BET method, an average particle diameter of not more than 2 μm as measured by a laser scattering method and an aspect ratio of not less than 10.