The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant anti-rut asphalt mixture which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-18 parts of pretreated asphalt, 30-35 parts of zinc chloride, 5-10 parts of heat conduction material, 8-12 parts of glass fiber, 5-10 parts of admixture and 90-100 parts of aggregate. The pretreated asphalt is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-14 parts of modified asphalt, 6-8 parts of dihydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 14-16 parts of polycaprolactone glycol, 2-4 parts of 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 0.5-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 4-6 parts 4, 4'-dimethyl-2, 2'-dipyridyl, and 0.5-0.8 part of 1, 4-butanediol. The preparation method is reasonable in process design and proper in component proportion, the prepared asphalt mixture has excellent anti-rutting capacity, the high-temperature stability and the water stability of the asphalt mixture are improved, and the asphalt mixture can be applied to roads with large traffic volume and more heavy-load and overload vehicles and has higher practicability.