The invention belongs to the field of computer vision and pattern recognition and discloses a moving target tracking method based on an improved multi-example learning algorithm. Firstly, a random measurement matrix is designed according to the compression perception theory. Then a multi-example learning algorithm is used to sample an example in a current tracking result small neighborhood to form a positive package, and at the same time, sampling an example is carried out in a large neighborhood ring to obtain a negative package. For each example, the characteristic of a character target is extracted at an image surface, and the random measurement matrix is utilized to carry out dimensionality reduction on the characteristic. According to the extracted example characteristic, online learning weak classifiers are utilized, and weak classifiers with strong discrimination ability are selected from a weak classification pool to form a strong classifier. Finally, when a new target position is tracked, according to a similarity score of the current tracking result and a target template, the online adaptive adjustment of classifier update degree parameters is carried out. According to the method, a problem that a tracking result in the existing algorithm is easily affected by an illumination change, an attitude change, the interference of a complex background, target fast motion and the like is solved.