4228results about "Circuit interrupters testing" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to articles (and the manufacture thereof) that use electrical energy to heat a material to form an inhalable substance, the articles being sufficiently compact to be considered “hand-held” devices. In certain embodiments, the articles can particularly be characterized as smoking articles. The smoking article can be adapted to detect the status of a cartridge portion of the smoking article. The smoking article includes a control body portion having a control body engagement end, wherein the control body portion houses a control component and a power source therein. The article further includes a cartridge body portion that has a cartridge body engagement end configured to removably engage the control body engagement end of the control body portion. The cartridge body portion houses a consumable arrangement and a heating connection operably engaged therewith comprising at least one heating element and a fusible link.

A circuit tracer for use with circuit breakers equipped with sensors capable of sensing at least a change in the power consumption of the circuit and transmitting, preferably wirelessly, such information. The information is received directly or indirectly by a circuit tracer having a display, the display showing all the circuit breakers equipped with the sensors. Upon changing the load of an electricity outlet, such as a wall outlet, a light source, HVAC, pump, electrical machinery, etc., the sensor equipped circuit breaker provides an indication of such power or current consumption change to the circuit tracer. This allows the user of the circuit tracer to associate on the circuit tracer the circuit breaker with the specific electricity outlet. The association information may be saved on a central server or database for future use.

A ground fault detector and interrupter for a photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion system, method and apparatus are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the system includes first and second inputs adapted to couple to a first and second rails of a PV array. An inverter is configured to convert DC power generated from the PV array to AC power. A ground fault detector and interrupter, which is coupled to the first and second rails and to the inverter, is configured to detect ground fault conditions in the PV array and to decouple the PV array from the remaining portion of the PV energy conversion system upon such detection. A known signal is coupled to the input of the ground fault detector and interrupter, and then sensed at the output of the ground fault detector and interrupter to determine whether components of the ground fault detector and interrupter are operating properly.

The present invention is directed to a circuit and method for self-testing a protection device for use in an AC power distribution system. The device is configured to be coupled between an AC power distribution system and at least one load. The method includes the step of introducing a simulated ground neutral fault during a first predetermined half cycle half cycle of the AC power. An attempt is made to detect the introduced simulated grounded neutral fault during the first predetermined half cycle half cycle. A fault condition is signaled if the introduced simulated grounded neutral fault is not detected within a predetermined period of time.

An arc fault detector for detecting electric power lines includes a sensor for sensing the derivative of the current on the electric power line, a converter circuit for converting the derivative of the line current into first and second signals, the first signal responsive to positive step transitions of arc fault current, and the second signal responsive to negative step transitions of arc current, and a temporal detector for signaling the presence of an arc fault when one of the first and second signals follows the other within a predetermined time, or window, and in which a sequence of one of the signals following the other signal occurs in a second predetermined interval of time.

A circuit protection device connected between two lines of an AC power source self checks for an introduced simulated ground fault every half cycle during a period when a trip SCR cannot conduct. If the self check fails, the device is tripped on the next half cycle of different phase. Possible responses to the self check failure include lighting an indicator lamp and locking out the device reset mechanism.

The system makes it possible to monitor various electrical variables by using a simple structure at low cost with ease and with high reliability by a circuit breaker which jointly includes a current transformer to detect current, a transformer to detect voltage, and a zero-phase current transformer to detect leakage current, in addition to the switch controller to perform the basic function of the circuit breaker. Moreover, the system also provides a function to display various measured values, obtained as described above, by a display unit that can be detached and installed separately from the measuring section to display data sent in digital form by data transmission.

The invention discloses a testing and verifying system appropriate for an intelligent transformer substation and a verifying method. The system comprises an upper computer and an embedded system lower computer that comprises a collecting plate, a signal plate, a data plate and four sub-plates of a synchronization plate. The signal plate, the data plate and the synchronization plate are supplied with power by an external adapter DC5V. The synchronization plate provides synchronization pulse signals to other sub-plates. Ethernet of the upper computer is connected with the signal plate of the upper computer, the intelligent transformer substation, and a process layer, an interval layer and a station layer network of a digital transformer substation by an RJ45 twisted-pair through an industrial switchboard. The testing and verifying system appropriate for the intelligent transformer substation is convenient to detect and verify the electrical capacity of current intelligent transformer substation and digital transformer substation and improves the debugging speed of the intelligent transformer substation and digital transformer substation greatly so as to provide good technical assurance to construction of the intelligent transformer substation and digital transformer substation and lay a solid foundation for safe and stable operation of the intelligent transformer substation and digital transformer substation.

An electrical touch sensor is provided. The electrical touch sensor includes: a touch detection part having at least one touch pad and generating a first signal having a same delay time regardless of whether the object is in contact with the touch pad and a second signal having a varied delay time according to whether the object is in contact with the touch pad; and a contact signal generator generating a contact signal in response to the delay time-difference between the first and second signals. Therefore, it is possible to increase operation reliability by precisely determining whether the object is in contact with the pad, when the object has charge accumulation characteristics more than a certain level, although its conductive is insufficient. In addition, the electrical touch sensor can determine whether the object is in contact with the pad using only one pad to reduce a layout area of a product.

Frequency of judgment of welding of relays is increased to increase likelihood of early detection of welding. It is determined that a battery 22 is not being recharged or discharged when a vehicle speed V of an electric vehicle is approximately 0 and a brake pedal 54 is pressed, and a switching element of an inverter 24 is controlled to be switched to discharge electric charges which are stored in a capacitor 44. After discharging, relays 30, 32 are turned off, and voltages RV1, RV2 between the terminals of the relays 30, 32 are detected by voltmeters 40, 42 to judge whether either of the voltages RV1, RV2 has a threshold value RVref (approximate value 0) or less. When it is so determined, it is judged that the relays 30, 32 are welded, and an LED 70 is illuminated.

A microwave energy delivery and measurement system, including a microwave energy source configured to delivery microwave energy to a microwave energy delivery device, a measurement system configured to measure at least one parameter of the microwave energy delivery device and a switching network configured to electrically isolate the microwave energy source and the measurement system. The measurement system is configured to actively measure in real time at least one parameter related to the microwave energy delivery device.

The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method of flexible direct-current transmission modular multilevel converter (MMC) converter valve operating. Large current needing to be checked is produced through energy exchange between two groups of valve module submodule capacitors and a load electric reactor, accurate alternating current-direct current overlaying current stress can be obtained through respective adjustment of alternating component amplitude and phase difference of output voltage of two valve modules, and adjusting modes are simple and flexible. A charging source is only used for building working voltage of two sample valve submodules at the beginning of the test, energy supplementation power sources are used for building working voltage of two auxiliary valves at the beginning of the test, only less active loss is supplemented in the test process later, the two energy supplementation power sources respectively share one half of system loss, and requirements for power capacity of a test circuit are greatly lowered. In addition, the two energy supplementation power sources can offset harmonic waves of grid-connected current of the two energy supplementation power sources through difference of connection modes of transformers of the two energy supplementation power sources to a great degree, and harmonic wave pollution to power grids is reduced.

The invention provides a universal circuit breaker mechanical fault diagnosis method based on feature fusion of vibration and sound signals. The method includes steps of 1, collecting machine vibration signals and machine sound signals during an engaging and disengaging process of a universal circuit breaker; 2, adopting an improved wavelet packet threshold value denoising algorithm for denoising; 3, adopting a complementary total average empirical mode decomposition algorithm for extracting a plurality of solid mode function components reflecting state information of engagement and disengagement actions of the circuit breaker from the denoising signals; 4, determining the number Z of the solid mode function components; 5, calculating the energy ratio, the sample ratio and the power spectrum entropy as three types of features; 6, adopting a combination core principal component analysis method for performing dimension reduction on a feature sample with unified three types of features of the vibration and the sound signals and obtaining M principle components; 7, establishing a related vector machine based sequence binary tree multiple classifier model.

The invention discloses a diagnostic circuit and a diagnostic method for detecting electric vehicle high-voltage relay fault. The circuit comprises a battery pack for providing power and a driving force for the electric vehicle and a controller for controlling on and off of an electric vehicle switch element. Two ends of the battery pack are connected with an overall electrical device; a main positive relay K+ is serially connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the overall electrical device; two ends of the main positive relay K+ are parallelly connected with a relay R and a pre-charging relay Kp; a main negative relay K- is serially connected between the negative electrode of the battery pack and the overall electrical device; both the battery pack and the overall electrical device are respectively connected with the controller; the controller is used for detecting voltage at two ends of the battery pack, voltage at two ends of the overall electrical device, and voltage at the negative end of the battery pack and the positive end of the overall electrical device. Thus, no peripheral circuit needs to be added, the state of the relay is judged only through carrying out cross detection on voltage at the relay end, whether the relay has a fault can be timely detected, remedial measures can be taken timely, the method is simple, convenient and feasible, and no detection risk is added.

A method and system to monitor a high voltage power relay operable to conduct electrical power from a source to a load, during each vehicle shutdown event. The system includes the electrical relay with a resistive device, electrically connected in parallel circuit, a controllable electrical load device, and a sensing device. A controller is connected to the electrical relay and each sensing device, and operable to identify a low electrical load condition at the load. The controller commands the load to operate at a known current draw level, commands the relay open, and monitors a change in power to the load device when the relay is commanded open. The electrical relay is functioning properly when the change in electrical power to the load exhibits a known profile over time, when the electrical relay is controlled to the commanded-open position.

The invention provides a relay state detection method of an electric vehicle high-voltage system. The method comprises the step of determining whether a relay is in a normal work state or in a fault state based on the voltages at both ends of the relay and/or the coil current of the relay according to the switch-on and switch-off time sequences of the relay in the electric vehicle high-voltage system. Correspondingly, a relay state detection device is provided. The method and the device can be used for monitoring the relay state to clearly determine whether the relay is in the work state or in the fault state, thereby well controlling the output of high-voltage power and ensuring the personal safety as well as the safety of electric vehicles.

The invention provides a monitoring method and a monitoring system for a touch switch. The monitoring method comprises the following steps of: (1) during switching on the touch switch or switching off the touch switch, respectively measuring voltages of two ends of the touch switch relative to the same reference electrical level; (2) comparing the voltages of the two ends of the touch switch relative to the same reference electrical level; and (3) judging whether the touch switch is switched on or switched off normally or not according to a comparison result. By using the method and the device of the monitoring method and the monitoring system of the touch switch, the touch switch can be confirmed whether to be switched on normally or switched off normally through judging the voltages of the two ends of the touch switch relative to the same reference electrical level after the touch switch in a high voltage system of an elective vehicle receives a switching-on command or a switching-off command. The invention provides the effective and reliable monitoring method and the motoring system of the touch switch, thus the touch switch can be correctly judged whether to be switched on normally or switched off normally.

A system for monitoring a circuit breaker that includes a monitoring device in electronic communication with the circuit breaker and a receiving device located separately from the monitoring device. The monitoring device receives data from the circuit breaker and wirelessly transmits at least a portion of the data such as one or more phase currents measured from a network which the circuit breaker protects, an ambient temperature within the circuit breaker, and/or data relating to a trip condition of the circuit breaker. The receiving device receives the transmitted data and displays all or a portion thereof. The monitoring device also includes a display that displays all or a portion of the data.

The invention discloses an automatic testing system and method for a relay protection measuring and controlling device. The system and the method can automatically test the flexible configuration of a use case, and can synchronously modify the fixed value of a to-be-tested device in the testing process according to the configuration of the test use case. If the to-be-tested device is in a measured and controlled state, a relay protection monitoring and controlling device tester is used for adding amount; device information is backward read through a communication interface of the to-be-tested device and is compared with that at amount adding time; a complete close loop test is conducted on the to-be-tested monitoring and controlling device. Parameters and configuration information information are sent to the relay protection monitoring and controlling device tester through an upper computer. The communication amount and the switch amount of the to-be-tested device are increased. Communication messages are uploaded to the upper computer. A series of closed loop tests are conducted. A testing report is automatically generated. The system and method have a testing precision rectifying section, improve testing precision, are wide in application range, and have good application prospects.

In a circuit arrangement for monitoring an electronic switch provided for controlling a load and current flown through the load during turn-on intervals for driving the load, the switch has a substantially linear resistance behavior during parts of its turn-on state and the operating point of the switch is located in this part of the turn-on state during the load control. The circuit arrangement comprises a modulation signal generator for generating a modulation signal for modulating the load current flowing through the electronic switch. A first voltage measuring device measures the first voltage drop across the electronic switch caused by the modulation signal. A second voltage measuring device measures the voltage drop across the electronic switch caused by the load current, and an evaluation unit determines the load current from the modulation signal and the first and second voltage drops.

An intermittent microwave energy delivery system for use in testing microwave energy systems and devices and for use in performing medical procedures including a microwave energy source configured to provide a continuous microwave energy signal, an energy delivery network configured to intermittently transmit a portion of the continuous microwave energy signal, a resistive load configured to dissipate the microwave energy signal; and a switching network configured to switch the continuous microwave energy signal between the microwave energy network and the resistive load. The continuous microwave energy signal is time proportioned between the energy delivery network and the resistive load.

A method for providing electrical system status information to a mobile device user is presented. The method comprises receiving a request for target area electrical system status information from a mobile device, determining the pose of the mobile interface device relative to the target area, obtaining target area electrical system status information for a target electrical system at least partially disposed within the target area, and assembling AR electrical system status information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device. The AR electrical system status information is assembled using the target area electrical system status information and is configured for viewing in conjunction with a real-time view of the target area captured by the mobile interface device. The AR electrical system status information is then transmitted to the mobile interface device.

A self-test circuit is provided that includes a signal circuit adapted to periodically output a circuit inhibitor signal to inhibit a breaking signal from a ground fault detector. The signal circuit is also adapted to periodically output a test signal simulating a ground fault. The self-test circuit also includes an alarm circuit adapted to receive an output signal from the ground fault detector in response to detecting the ground fault, and adapted to output an alarm when the ground fault detector is not operative. The signal circuit may be further adapted to periodically output a second test signal simulating a grounded neutral condition. A ground fault circuit interrupter system and a method are also provided.

The present invention is directed to an electrical wiring protection device for use in coupling an AC power distribution system to at least one electrical load. The device includes an automated self-test circuit coupled to the AC power distribution system. The automated self-test circuit is configured to generate at least one simulated fault signal during a first predetermined half-cycle of AC power. A detector circuit is coupled to the automated self-test circuit. The detector circuit generates a detection signal in response to the at least one simulated fault signal. An interval timing circuit is coupled to the test circuit. The interval timing circuit is configured to enable the automated self-test circuit to generate the at least one simulated fault signal during a first predetermined interval and not enable the test circuit during a subsequent second predetermined interval. The first predetermined interval and the second predetermined interval are recurring time intervals.

A power supply circuit for operating high-efficiency lighting devices from a thyristor-controlled dimmer determines the dimming value, i.e., the dimmer duty factor by periodically probing the dimmer output. A minimum conductance is applied across the output of the dimmer during probing intervals that begin at the turn-on time of the dimmer and last until enough information has been gathered to correctly predict a next zero crossing of the AC line voltage that supplies the input of the dimmer. The dimming value is determined from the time interval between the predicted zero-crossing and a next turn-on time of the dimmer. The probing can be performed at intervals of an odd number of half-cycles of the AC line frequency so that a DC offset is not introduced within internal timing circuits of the dimmer. The AC line frequency can also be determined from a time interval between the predicted zero crossings.

Protection, measurement and control IEDs in a substation compute if switches they control may be operated safely, according to interlocking rules or physical principles as well as the dynamic topology of the substation. The IEDs have access to the substation electrical topology, to real-time information generated by other IEDs, and to the rules for interlocking. A standardized Substation Configuration Description (SCD) of the substation for which a Substation Automation system is intended, and a standardized description of the implemented device functions or capabilities of an individual IED are utilized. The substation topology is available from SCD file, real time information about the position of switches and line voltage/current can be obtained via an appropriate protocol, and the interlocking rules are available in script form. These features apply both to simulated and real devices, and increase system testing possibilities by supporting an efficient configuration of a simulation.

Some embodiments can concern a method of using a power consumption measurement device. The power consumption measurement device can be mechanically coupled to a surface of a circuit breaker box overlying at least part of one or more main electrical supply conductors for an electrical power infrastructure of a structure. The method can include: determining one or more first magnetic field readings from the one or more main electrical supply conductors using one or more sensors in the power consumption measurement device; after determining the one or more first magnetic field readings, electrically coupling a first calibration load to the electrical power infrastructure; while the first calibration load remains electrically coupled to the electrical power infrastructure, determining one or more second magnetic field readings from the one or more main electrical supply conductors using the one or more sensors in the power consumption measurement device; calibrating the power consumption measurement device using at least in part the one or more first magnetic field readings and the one or more second magnetic field readings, after calibrating the power consumption measurement device, determining one or more third magnetic field readings from the one or more main electrical supply conductors using the one or more sensors in the power consumption measurement device; and determining an electrical power used by the electrical power infrastructure of the structure using at least the one or more third magnetic field readings and the one or more calibration coefficients. Calibrating the power consumption measurement device can include determining one or more first calibration coefficients for the power consumption measurement device using at least in part the one or more first magnetic field readings and the one or more second magnetic field readings. Other embodiments are disclosed.

A circuit that detects if contacts in an HV contactor have been welded or stuck closed. The circuit includes a controller that generates a short duration pulse signal that closes a driver switch and allows current flow through a coil in the HV contactor. The current flow is converted to a voltage by a sensor, where the voltage is received by the controller. The controller uses the voltage, such as by comparing the voltage to a stored representative voltage of the coil current for when the HV contactor is open, to determine whether the HV contactor is closed, and possibly welded or stuck closed, or partially closed. The sensor can be the driver switch or another device, such as a resistor.

A power supply controller apparatus is provided for use in a power supply apparatus including a battery assembly. The power supply controller apparatus includes a controller that controls supplying power to a load from said battery assembly through a capacitor connected between first and second contactors by turning on and off each of contactors. The controller detects whether or not each contactor is welded based on an output signal from one output terminal of both ends of the capacitor, when the each contactor is controlled to be turned off and an AC signal is applied to one input terminal of (a) one end of the battery assembly, (b) the other end of the battery assembly, and (c) each connection point between secondary batteries of the battery assembly.

The disclosure is concerned with the testing of system level functionality involving several Protection, Control and Measurement (PCM) Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) of a Substation Automation (SA) system for IEC 61850 compliant substations. An extensive testing of all conceivable control or protection functions/applications of an extended SA system comprising a large number of IEDs with a multitude of configurations is facilitated by simulating at least one of the IEDs in a testing device. Hence, only a limited number of IEDs are physically present as individual devices in a test environment, the behaviour of at least one further IED being simulated by a dedicated testing device with appropriate data processing means. The testing device sends network messages indicative of the behaviour of the simulated IED according to its communication and device configuration over a substation communication network to the physically present IED to be tested. The proper working of the configured IED functions, i.e. the expected correct action as triggered by the testing device, are then verified.