1038 results about "Energy exchange" patented technology

The present invention generally relates to organic polymers able to participate in an analyte-recognition process, where an analyte facilitates an energy transfer between an energy donor and an energy acceptor. Certain embodiments of the invention make use of fluorescent conjugated polymers, such as poly(phenylene ethynylene)s and other polymers comprising pi-conjugated backbones. For example, one aspect of the invention provides a fluorescent conjugated polymer and an indicator that can interact with each other in the presence of an analyte to produce an emissive signal. In some cases, the interaction may include energy exchange mechanisms, such as Dexter energy transfer or the strong coupling effect. The interaction of the conjugated polymer and the indicator, in some instances, may be facilitated through specific interactions, such as a protein / carbohydrate interaction, a ligand / receptor interaction, etc. Another aspect of the invention provides for the detection of biological entities, for example, pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, or viruses such as influenza virus. In some cases, biological recognition elements may be used to determine the biological entity, for instance, carbohydrates that can be used to specifically interact with at least part of the biological entity, such as a protein in the cell membrane of a bacterium. Still other aspects of the invention involve articles, devices, and kits using any of the above-described systems.

In various embodiments, a policy-based residential networked meter can be an energy switch router device (ESRD) that provides policy-based advanced metering, load control and shaping, energy services delivery and accounting, and secure web services interfaces and internetworking communications. The ESRD can be integrated and inter-related with advanced policy-based sensory, metrology, monitoring, control, recording, classification, prioritization, security, routing, and switching functions. The ESRD may be used to sense, measure, meter, and control electrical service flows to the utility service point at the customer premise, and may be configured and managed with one or more policy-based networking methods.

An air delivery system may include a housing, a first liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE), and a desiccant storage tank. The housing includes a supply air channel and an exhaust air channel. The first LAMEE may be an exhaust LAMEE disposed within an exhaust air channel of the housing. The exhaust LAMEE is configured to receive the outside air during a desiccant regeneration mode in order to regenerate desiccant within the exhaust LAMEE. The desiccant storage tank is in communication with the exhaust LAMEE. The exhaust LAMEE is configured to store regenerated desiccant within the desiccant storage tank. The regenerated desiccant within the desiccant storage tank is configured to be tapped during a normal operation mode.

The invention relates to a perovskite solar battery and a preparing method thereof. The perovskite solar battery comprises a transparent electrode, a hole transmission layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electronic transmission layer and a metal electrode. The hole transmission layer comprises at least one of PEDOT: PSS, P3HT, PTAA, PThTPTI, metallic oxide and graphene oxide. The electronic transmission layer comprises at least one of 58 pi-electronic fullerene PCBM, 56 pi-electronic fullerene OQMF, 54 pi-electronic fullerene OQBMF, PFN, PEIE, ZnO, TiO2, doped or modified ZnO or TiO2. The perovskite solar battery is high in energy exchange efficiency and low in cost and can be produced on a large scale, and the preparing method is simple in technology.

The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method of flexible direct-current transmission modular multilevel converter (MMC) converter valve operating. Large current needing to be checked is produced through energy exchange between two groups of valve module submodule capacitors and a load electric reactor, accurate alternating current-direct current overlaying current stress can be obtained through respective adjustment of alternating component amplitude and phase difference of output voltage of two valve modules, and adjusting modes are simple and flexible. A charging source is only used for building working voltage of two sample valve submodules at the beginning of the test, energy supplementation power sources are used for building working voltage of two auxiliary valves at the beginning of the test, only less active loss is supplemented in the test process later, the two energy supplementation power sources respectively share one half of system loss, and requirements for power capacity of a test circuit are greatly lowered. In addition, the two energy supplementation power sources can offset harmonic waves of grid-connected current of the two energy supplementation power sources through difference of connection modes of transformers of the two energy supplementation power sources to a great degree, and harmonic wave pollution to power grids is reduced.

A method of forming a membrane panel configured to be secured within an energy exchange assembly may include forming an outer frame defining a central opening, and integrating a membrane sheet with the outer frame. The membrane sheet spans across the central opening, and is configured to transfer one or both of sensible energy or latent energy therethrough. The integrating operation may include injection-molding the outer frame to edge portions of the membrane sheet. Alternatively, the integrating operation may include laser-bonding, ultrasonically bonding, heat-sealing, or the like, the membrane sheet to the outer frame.

The invention discloses an electrified railway traction power supply and energy storage device and a method of the electrified railway traction power supply and energy storage device. The energy storage device is connected between a feeding arm alpha or feeding arm beta at the output end of a traction transformer and a steel rail, or two energy storage devices are connected between the feeding arm alpha and the steel rail and between the feeding arm beta and the steel rail respectively, wherein the energy storage device is arranged in a traction substation. The energy storage device comprises a control unit, an isolation transformer, a PWM current transformer, an energy transformation circuit and an energy storage element, wherein the PWM current transformer, the energy transformation circuit and the energy storage element are connected in sequence, and the control unit is used for carrying out calculation according to the voltage, current and direction of the feeding arm alpha and / or feeding arm beta to complete control over the PWM current transformer and the energy transformation circuit and achieve energy exchange between the energy storage device and the feeding section connected with the energy storage device. The electrified railway traction power supply and energy storage device can fully recycle locomotive braking feedback electric energy, improve the energy utilization ratio of a traction power supply system, reduce the installation billing capacity of the traction transformer, reduce cost and absorb and store energy even in electricity valleys, has the effect of peak load shifting and further has the functions of dynamic reactive-power compensation and low-order harmonic suppression.

A roadway system and method for energy generation and distribution are presented. This system allows a geothermal infrastructure to be tied into the roadway system electricity grid. The geothermal infrastructure may include energy exchangers that are electrically connected to the roadway system electricity grid. By connecting the energy exchangers electrically to the roadway system electricity grid, the energy exchangers may be powered by solar and / or wind generating devices. In one embodiment of the invention, a roadway system for energy generation and distribution comprises a plurality of energy harnessing devices (e.g., solar and / or wind generating devices). The roadway system electricity grid is configured for mass distribution of electricity. The energy exchangers are configured to electrically connect to the roadway system electricity grid. Each of substantially all of the energy harnessing devices, is electrically connected to the roadway system electricity grid and positioned on part of one of the roads.

The invention discloses a comprehensive energy system economic optimization scheduling method based on a micro-grid. The method comprises the steps that independent modeling is performed according toenergy production equipment, energy conversion equipment and energy storage equipment in a factory, and an energy supply structure for a comprehensive energy system based on an energy exchange networkis set up; considering a serial working mode and a parallel working mode of an ice storage air-conditioning system, a comprehensive energy system economic optimization scheduling model is further improved, so that the optimization model better meets the practical demand of a project; and optimization scheduling is performed on the micro-grid considering cold and hot electric balance constraint, equipment operation constraint and energy storage equipment constraint with minimum annual operation cost composed of operation and maintenance cost, electricity purchasing cost, fuel cost and stored energy depreciation cost being an optimization objective, and automatic optimization of the factory is realized. The method has the advantages that energy using efficiency at the user side is improved,energy using cost of a user is reduced, economic benefit and the energy utilization rate are increased, and the method is suitable for different types of industrial park comprehensive energy systems.

A desiccant-assisted air conditioning system utilizes a compressor (10), a condenser coil (11), an evaporator coil (13), supplemental desiccant coils (19, 20) connected therewith, and damper (18A, 19B) and valve arrangements that direct air and refrigerant through the system coils in several different thermodynamic operating paths. The system combines, transfers and reverses thermodynamic energies between the desiccant, the refrigerant and the crossing air, and simultaneously maximizes the refrigerant vapor compression closed cycle and desiccant vapor compression open cycle. The desiccant coils (19, 20) not only provide an effective gas phase change in their crossing air streams, but also simultaneously provide endothermic and exothermic energy exchanges between the air streams and the passing refrigerant that maximize the operating efficiency of the compressor, condenser coil, and evaporator coil, conserves energy, and produces quality conditioned air output.

The invention relates to a power loop test method for a steady-state operation test of a flexible direct current power transmission MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter) valve. The method comprises the following steps of: setting voltage amplitudes V1 and V2 of valve banks 1 and 2 and phase difference delta of the two voltage amplitudes and setting output voltage of an energy replenishing power source E2; closing an isolating switch K1 and charging a sub-module capacitor by a charging power source E1; cutting off K1 to exit E1 to finish pre-charging after the voltage of the sub-module capacitor reaches a set value; closing an isolating switch K2 and switching to the energy replenishing power source E2; meanwhile, sending out trigger pulses of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) of all sub-modules of the two valve banks according to a modulation strategy and getting a circuit in a steady-state running state; establishing voltage stress required by test at the two ends of the valve banks 1 and 2, performing energy exchange on sub-module capacitors and load reactors of two valve components and generating current stress required by the test in a loop; and cutting off K2 and exiting E2, latching the trigger pulses of the IGBTs in the sub-modules and finishing the test. The test method is simple and flexible; and a test parameter adjustment method is simple and convenient.

Retroreflective lenticular systems employing a focusing array and a retroreflector array optically coupled to the focusing array. The focusing array is provided on a first surface and the retroreflector array is provided on an opposing second surface. The retroreflector array includes an array of retroreflective elements alternating with separation areas and disposed in energy exchange relationship with respect to the focusing array. The focusing array includes a plurality of focusing lenses configured to illuminate only the retroreflective elements with focused beams at least at some angles and to focus the incident beam only onto the separation areas at other angles. The intermittent illumination of retroreflective elements provides variable retroreflectivity of at least portions of the system and enhances the system visibility and conspicuity in the reflected light.

The mixed energy storage device for elevator includes super capacitor bank, accumulator set, super capacitor charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging circuit for accumulator. Through super capacitor charging and discharging circuit, super capacitor bank is connected to DC bus in power supply system for elevator. Through charging and discharging circuit for accumulator, accumulator set is connected to DC bus. Using circuits for controlling charging and discharging super capacitor and accumulator, the invention realizes uninterrupted power supply and power buffering. Features are: minimizing installed capacity of super capacitor bank and accumulator set, optimizing working state of charging and discharging accumulator set, reducing number of charging and discharging cycle and prolonging service life etc. In the mixed energy storage device, accumulator set exchanges energy with DC bus only through one stage of DC / DC so as to raise efficiency of storing energy greatly.

Systems, methods and devices for utilizing an energy chassis device designed to sense, collect, store and distribute energy from where it is available using devices that harvest or convert energy to locations requiring energy such as but not limited to HVAC (heating, ventilation and cooling) systems. The systems, methods and devices can also be used with a next generation geothermal heat exchanger that achieves higher energy harvesting efficiency and provides greater functionality than current geothermal exchangers.

The invention discloses an electric energy regulation device and method for electrified railways. The electric energy regulation device is in bridging connection between two power supply arms of a traction transformer. The electric energy regulation device comprises isolation transformers, single-phase back-to-back PWM converters, an energy conversion circuit, an energy storage element and a control unit. The control unit carries out calculation according to voltages, currents and directions of the power supply arms alpha and beta and completes control over the PWM converters and the energy conversion circuit. Consequently, energy conversion between the power supply arms alpha and beta and the energy conversion between the energy storage element and the power supply arm alpha or the power supply arm beta can be achieved. The electric energy regulation device is capable of fully recycling and utilizing braking feedback electric energy of a locomotive through transfer, storage and release of the electric energy, improves the energy utilization rate of a tractive power supply system, reduces the installation billing capacity of a traction transformer, can deal with the negative sequence, idle work and harmonic waves of a traction substation, avoids traction force losses and speed losses, caused by electric phase separation, of a train and can also have the effects of peak load shaving and voltage stabilization and can be used as an emergency power supply.

The invention provides a method for monitoring the regional evapotranspiration on the basis of remote sensing, comprising the following steps of: (1) obtaining the multi-temporal and multi-resolution satellite remote-sensing image data at a specific region; (2) carrying out remote sensing inversion to the key parameters on the ground surface; (3) calculating the impedance of each pixel during the exchanging process of the geogas energy by a remote-sensing geogas exchanging model, calculating the sensible heat flux used for heating the air above each pixel, calculating the latent heat energy by an energy remainder formula and inquiring into effective surface impedance; (4) establishing a surface impedance model in a daily dimension so as to obtain a daily ground surface impedance; and (5) working out the daily evapotranspiration by applying a P-M model repeatedly and carrying out time accumulation and dimension down-scaling, thus finally determining the regional ground surface evapotranspiration. According to the validation of the practical measurement at multi-regions, the method for monitoring the regional evapotranspiration is proved to be effective.

A thermodynamic closed loop desiccant rotor system and process utilizes at least one closed recirculation loop that provides interchangeable energy directly to the desiccant material and various rotor isolated zoning configurations in combination with various arrangements of energy exchange devices and refrigeration components to maximize the interchangeable and recovered energy capability and capacity through both closed thermodynamic cycles and open cycle processes for significantly improved efficiency and energy conservation. The present desiccant rotor system may be utilized in an air conditioning system for dehumidification, humidification, moisture removal, and capture of moisture, and in other applications to remove unwanted gases.

A method of forming an energy exchange assembly may include forming a plurality of creases and a plurality of slits in a membrane sheet according to a predefined pattern, positioning a first spacer on top of a first forming area of the membrane sheet, folding the membrane sheet over a top of the first spacer so that a second forming area is positioned over the top of the first spacer, sealing a first portion of the first forming area to a first outer lateral wall of the first spacer, and positioning a second spacer on top of the second forming area, thereby stacking the second spacer over the first spacer.

An energy exchange system is configured to provide dry supply air to an enclosed structure. The system may include an energy transfer device having a first portion configured to be disposed within a supply air flow path and a second portion configured to be disposed within a regeneration air flow path. The energy transfer device is configured to decrease a humidity level of supply air. The energy transfer device is configured to be regenerated with regeneration air. The system may also include a first heat exchanger configured to be disposed within the supply air flow path downstream from the energy transfer device and within the regeneration air flow path upstream from the second portion of the energy transfer device. The first heat exchanger is configured to transfer sensible energy between the supply air and the regeneration air. The supply air is configured to be supplied to the enclosed structure after passing through the energy transfer device and the first heat exchanger.

The present invention provides a system for manipulating a core body temperature of a mammal. The system of the invention includes a chamber for enclosing a body portion of a mammal and a seal in operative association with the chamber for sealing the chamber around the body portion and for inhibiting movement of the body portion relative to the chamber when the system is in operation. A thermal energy exchange system in operative association with the chamber includes an energy element assembly coupled to a flexible membrane assembly. The flexible membrane assembly facilitates an exchange of energy between the energy element assembly and the body portion. A vacuum system is operatively associated with the chamber while the thermal energy exchange system is in operation. The vacuum system generates a sub-atmospheric pressure within the chamber.

The present invention is preparation process of porous metal material, and features that metal powder and water soluble adhesive are mixed into slurry; the slurry is painted onto metal net, stoved and sintered in vacuum or reducing atmosphere; and the sintered metal net is rolled and flattened to obtain the said porous metal material. The present invention provides the preparation process of sintered porous metal material with high filtering precision, excellent permeating performance and excellent mechanical and physical performance. The porous metal material is used mainly in filtering and separating in industry, and may be also used in fluid distributing and control, catalyst carrier, energy exchange, electrode material, etc.

A transcritical refrigeration system includes a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion device, and an evaporator. Refrigerant is circulated though the closed circuit system. Preferably, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. A fan moves outdoor air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant across the evaporator. The speed of the fan is regulated to regulate the evaporator pressure and to adapt the evaporator to different environmental conditions to achieve the optimal coefficient of performance. During high ambient conditions, the fan speed is decreased, decreasing the refrigerant mass flowrate in the system. The energy exchange per unit mass of the refrigerant in the gas cooler increases and the work of the fan decreases, increasing the coefficient of performance of the system. During low ambient conditions, the mass flowrate of the system is low and there is more heat transfer thermal resistance on the refrigerant side at the evaporator. The speed of the fan is lowered to decrease the work of the fan. Therefore, the coefficient of performance increases.

Apparatus and Method for Selective Power Reduction of Memory Hardware A method and apparatus are provided for managing delivery of power to one or more hardware memory devices in a computer system. The computer system is configured with a processor and at least two hardware memory devices. An energy exchange threshold for the computer system is set, and management of one or more of the hardware memory devices is employed when the computer system exceeds an energy exchange threshold.

The invention discloses an energy Internet router (100). The energy Internet router comprises a control module (101) used for energy exchange between a plurality of distributed energy stations and distributed energy users, routing management and point-to-point electric power transaction control in the same local area network; an acquisition module (102) connected with the control module (101) andused for acquisition of electric quantity measurement data of an electric meter (200); and a blockchain module (103) used for data exchange with the control module (101), realization of point-to-pointelectric power transaction between nodes in a blockchain network in an area, and distributed electric quantity measurement and storage of transaction data. The energy Internet router and the electricmeter are used in a combined manner, the electric power transaction and recording can be performed through the blockchain module, final electric quantity information and point-to-point electric powertransaction information are both stored in the blockchain network in a distributed manner and cannot be tampered, and measurement, transaction and recording of the electric quantity of distributed intelligent micro-power-grids can be realized.

The invention provides a method and device for controlling the energy balance between bridge arms of a modularized multi-level converter and relates to the field of control over the energy balance between the bridge arms of modularized multi-level converters. The method and device for controlling the energy balance between the bridge arms of the modularized multi-level converter solve the problem that energy imbalance between the bridge arms of the modularized multi-level converter causes unstable operation of the modularized multi-level converter. According to the method for controlling the energy balance between the bridge arms of the modularized multi-level converter, an alternating-current component is added to a bridge arm circulation, so that a channel of energy exchange between the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm is formed, and on the premise that the alternating-current output voltage of the modularized multi-level converter is not influenced, energy balance of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm is controlled through the control over the component of the alternating-current circulation. According to the device for controlling the energy balance between the bridge arms of the modularized multi-level converter, an inner-ring controller composed of a standard proportional resonance adjuster is adopted, and both the stability and the reliability of the modularized multi-level converter are improved by over 5% through the control over the energy imbalance of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm. The method and device are suitable for controlling the energy balance between the bridge arms of the modularized multi-level converter.

The present invention provides an air separation system capable of recovering cold energy of liquefied natural gas and using it to produce liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen and liquid argon. Said system includes nitrogen gas refrigeration circulation device, air cooling device and air separation device, in which the nitrogen gas refrigeration circulation device includes liquefied natural gas beat exchanger and gas-liquid separator, the liquefied natural gas heat exchanger can be used for isolating the cold energy of liquefied natural gas and exchanging it to the nitrogen gas in nitrogen gas refrigeration circulation device, the gas-liquid separator can be used for separating the nitrogen gas undergone the process of heat exchange by means of liquefied natural gas heat exchanger into gas nitrogen gas and liquid nitrogen gas, said liquid nitrogen gas after which is undergone the process of cold energy exchange with raw material air is combined with gas nitrogen gas and can be again fed into the liquefied natural gas heat exchanger.

A method and mechanism for unified power supply and energy-saving operation of variable-frequency drive for escalator group adopts one AC / DC transducer in parallel connection with a braking unit to provide DC power source to multiple DC / AC variable-frequency speed regulators and motors in the group that control all elevators and escalators; therefore forming a channel for energy exchange among various drive units in the group to provide electric energy in the drive units in power-generating operation in the group to other drive units that are in the state of electrically-driven operation. The invention effectively solves the problems in prior art such as energy waste and liability for power grid to contamination. The operating method has a reasonable design and simple structure with safe operation. Compared to operating methods and devices of its kind, the operating method enables the electric energy fed back by the downward escalators to be utilized by the upward escalators, thus reducing the power supply of the electric network, achieving evident energy saving effects, and meanwhile ensuring stable operation of the electric network and reducing the manufacture cost of the device.

The invention discloses a mode add-drop multiplexing and demultiplexing device based on a grating-assisting type coupler. The device comprises three add single-mode waveguides, an add mode converter, a bus multi-mode waveguide, two add Bragg waveguide gratings, a drop mode converter, three drop single-mode waveguides, two drop Bragg waveguide gratings, two add coupling areas and two drop coupling areas. The Bragg waveguide gratings are arranged between the bus multi-mode waveguide and the add and drop single-mode waveguides, and the energy exchange between the multi-mode waveguide and the single-mode waveguides is realized due to the micro-interference function of the refraction rate. The device has the advantages that the coupling is realized between the single-mode waveguides and the multi-mode waveguide in different modes; the coupling coefficient is adjustable, the bandwidth is large, the number of information carrying channels is multiple, and the like; the design structure is simple, and the size is compact; the device manufacturing process is compatible with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, so the integration and the extension are easy, the low-cost manufacturing is convenient, and the device can be widely applied to the on-chip and high-density integrated type optical interconnection system.

The invention discloses an energy-feeding flexible grounding device for a power distribution network, a fault arc extinction method and a direct-current-side-voltage control method and system of the energy-feeding flexible grounding device. The fault arc extinction method includes the steps that when a single-phase grounding fault is generated, a neutral point of the power distribution network is grounded through a flexible grounding device, the flexible grounding device is controlled to inject a resistive current and a reactive current into the neutral point in sequence, a fault feeder line is judged, and arc extinction of a fault point is promoted. The direct-current-side-voltage control method includes the step that energy exchanging between the flexible grounding device and the power distribution network is achieved through a direct-current-side capacitor voltage outer loop and a three-phase input current inner loop, and therefore it is guaranteed that the direct-current-side voltage is constant. By means of the direct-current-side-voltage control method, the problems that the direct-current-side voltage of a traditional flexible grounding device is difficult to stabilize, the harmonic content of an injected current is high, and system stability is poor can be solved; by switching control modes, the fault feeder line can be accurately identified, an instant grounding fault electric arc can be eliminated, and the power supply reliability of the power distribution network can be improved.

Device (100) for detecting and monitoring local parameters within a solid structure (300). The device comprises an integrated detection module (1) made on a single chip, having an integrated functional circuitry portion (16) comprising at least one integrated sensor (10) and an integrated antenna (11), and electromagnetic means (2) for transmitting / receiving signals and energy exchange. The integrated functional circuitry portion (16) comprises a functional surface (18) facing towards the outside of the chip. A passivation layer (15) is arranged to completely cover at least the functional surface (18), so that the integrated detection module (1) is entirely hermetically sealed and galvanically insulated from the surrounding environment. The integrated antenna (11), the electromagnetic means (2) and the remote antenna (221) are operatively connected wirelessly through magnetic or electromagnetic coupling.