270 results about "Gas cooler" patented technology

A motor vehicle (10) with an electric and / or internal combustion engine drive is described, wherein the motor vehicle (10) comprises: a refrigeration system (12) with a refrigerant circuit (14); a storage compartment (18) arranged in a front area (VB) of the motor vehicle (10), in particular on a passenger side; wherein the refrigerant circuit (14) comprises a refrigerant compressor (22), a first heat exchanger (24), in particular a gas cooler or condenser, and a second heat exchanger (26), in particular an evaporator, wherein the second heat exchanger (26) and the refrigerant compressor (22) are connected to each other by a first low-pressure-side refrigerant line section (28-1).It is provided that a second low-pressure-side refrigerant line section (28-2) is arranged between the second heat exchanger (26) and the refrigerant compressor (22), which is arranged parallel to the first refrigerant line section (28-1) in terms of flow technology, wherein the second refrigerant line section (28-2) is designed such that it is arranged at least partially along at least one boundary wall (18b) of the storage compartment (18) in such a way that heat can be extracted from a storage compartment interior (18i).

The invention discloses a system and a method for capturing cement kiln flue gas carbon dioxide based on a high-temperature flue gas waste heat regeneration technology. The system comprises a carbon dioxide absorption system and a carbon dioxide desorption system, the carbon dioxide absorption system comprises a pretreatment tower, an induced draft fan, an absorption tower, a water washing tower and a rich liquid pump; the carbon dioxide desorption system comprises a rich and lean solution heat exchanger, a lean solution pump, a desorption tower, a regenerated gas cooler, a lean solution cooler and a high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery reboiler. Compared with the prior art, the system and method for capturing the cement kiln flue gas carbon dioxide based on the high-temperature flue gas waste heat regeneration technology can effectively utilize the cement kiln high-temperature flue gas to replace external heat source water vapor to desorb CO2, can effectively reduce the CO2 capturing cost, realizes the cooling of the cement kiln high-temperature flue gas, and improves the recovery rate of CO2. Good application prospects are realized.

The invention discloses a coal-fired unit energy storage coupling carbon capture system and method based on calcium circulation, and aims to realize efficient and cheap capture of CO2 in flue gas while performing energy storage peak regulation of a coal-fired unit. The system comprises main equipment such as a calcination / heat absorption reactor, a pressurized carbonation / heat release reactor, a CaCO3 storage tank, a CaO storage tank and a CO2 storage tank, and auxiliary equipment such as a gas booster compressor, residual pressure power generation equipment, an electric heating module, a dust remover, a gas cooler, a solar gas heater and a smoke-CO2 heat exchanger. According to the method, electric energy of green electricity or valley electricity and heat energy of high-temperature flue gas of a boiler are converted into chemical energy by adopting the cyclic calcination characteristic of CaCO3-based particles and stored in the CaCO3-based particles, and the chemical energy is released again in the form of heat energy when a unit supplies heat to the outside or a power grid uses electricity at the peak. The system has high operation flexibility and economical efficiency.

A gas cooler for a battery electric vehicle, the gas cooler including a heat exchanger having a connecting portion and a heat exchange portion, the connecting portion including a coolant inlet to allow a coolant to enter the heat exchanger, and a coolant outlet to allow the coolant to exit the heat exchanger, wherein the gas cooler further includes a bypass line configured to redirect a portion of the coolant from the coolant inlet to the coolant outlet, thereby bypassing the heat exchange portion of the heat exchanger.

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, and discloses a carbon dioxide capture system and a method for reducing energy consumption in the carbon dioxide capture process. The system comprises an absorption tower, a rich and lean liquid heat exchanger, a regeneration tower, a waste heat recovery refrigeration device, a regeneration gas cooler, a regeneration gas separator and a compressor which are sequentially arranged in the circulation direction of raw material flue gas containing CO2, wherein the absorption tower is used for enabling raw material flue gas containing CO2 to be in contact with an absorbent to obtain a rich solution; the lean and rich solution heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange on the rich solution and a lean solution obtained at the bottom of a regeneration tower; and the waste heat recovery refrigerating device is used for carrying out waste heat recovery on regenerated gas at the top of the regeneration tower and uncondensed gas at the outlet of the compressor. According to the system, the waste heat recovery refrigerating device is adopted, so that power consumption and absorbent loss of the carbon dioxide system are reduced.

The invention provides a data center carbon dioxide transcritical direct cooling chip backboard cooling system, which comprises a carbon dioxide gas cooler configured to generate a coolant; the coolant is carbon dioxide in a liquid state or a gas-liquid coexistence state; a plurality of liquid cooling units, wherein the liquid cooling units are configured to perform refrigeration by gasifying the coolant; and the coolant distribution unit is respectively connected with all the liquid cooling units through independent pipelines, and the coolant distribution unit is configured to perform multi-stage regulation on the refrigerating capacity of all the liquid cooling units according to the regional cooling requirements. Through the system, the problem that an existing data center cooling system cannot achieve multi-stage heat exchange adjustment is solved.

A refrigeration system includes one or more compressors (14,24), a gas cooler (105), a flash tank (106), one or more evaporators (12,22), a heat reclaim system (110), valves (120,122,124,126), and a control system (105). The heat reclaim system receives a working fluid from the one or more compressors and the gas cooler. The heat reclaim system is fluidly coupled, through a first supply line (111), to the one or mor compressors, and fluidly coupled, through a second supply line (113), to the gas cooler. The valves regulate a flow of the working fluid from the one or more compressors and the gas cooler to the heat reclaim system. The control system receiving at least one feedback signal from the heat reclaim system and, in response to the at least one feedback signal, operates the valves to regulate an amount of the working fluid circulated into the heat reclaim system from the one or more compressors and the gas cooler.

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial heat pumps, in particular to a transcritical CO2 circulation system capable of achieving 120 DEG C high-temperature heat tracing in a petroleum process and a control method of the transcritical CO2 circulation system. The circulating system comprises a water pump, a gas cooler, an air source evaporation part, a waste heat superheater and a compressor. The gas cooler, the air source evaporation component, the waste heat superheater and the compressor are sequentially connected, and the water pump is connected with the gas cooler. The water pump is used for providing to-be-heated water for the gas cooler; the gas cooler is used for heat exchange between the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium and water to be heated; the air source evaporation part is used for heat exchange between the external environment and the carbon dioxide working medium output by the gas cooler; the waste heat superheater is used for heat exchange between the waste heat resource and the carbon dioxide working medium output by the air source evaporation component; the compressor is used for compressing the carbon dioxide working medium output by the waste heat superheater to obtain the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium. According to the embodiment of the invention, the heat supply temperature and stability can be improved.

The invention relates to a process for the production of maleic anhydride (MA) by a catalytic partial gas phase oxidation reaction of saturated and / or unsaturated C4 hydrocarbons, characterized in that the gas coolers 5 (tube bundle coolers) downstream of the isothermally controlled reactor unit 1 are at least partially equipped with a catalyst 7 and are thus at least partially used as post-reactor(s) for the oxidative degradation of the undesired by-products formed in the main reactor 2, in particular acrylic acid, and the cooling capacity of the gas coolers is minimized by a maximum of 20% by the installation of the catalyst.

The utility model discloses a compressor performance test system, which is characterized in that an air inlet of an exhaust pipeline stop valve is connected with a refrigerant outlet of a tested compressor, and an air outlet is connected with an inlet of a gas flow meter; an outlet of the gas flowmeter is connected with a gas inlet of the exhaust pressure regulating valve The exhaust pressure regulating valve air outlet is connected with the suction pressure regulating valve air inlet and the condenser first air inlet; the condenser is provided with an internal circulation electric heating assembly, a first air outlet is connected with an air inlet of the air suction pressure regulating valve, and a first liquid outlet is connected with a liquid inlet in the side wall of the lower portion of the liquid storage device. The liquid storage device is connected with the condenser in parallel, a first gas outlet is connected with a first gas inlet of the condenser, a second gas outlet is connected with a gas inlet of the gas cooler through the suction temperature regulating valve, and the liquid level is the same as that of the condenser; the suction pressure regulating valve gas outlet is connected with the gas cooler gas inlet; a gas outlet of the gas cooler is connected with a refrigerant inlet of the tested compressor through a compressor suction pipeline stop valve.

The utility model provides a gas cooler and cooling equipment capable of improving thermal shock durability, which comprises a shell, a gas cooler, a cooling liquid cooler, a gas cooler and a cooling liquid cooler, and is characterized in that the shell is provided with a gas communication port and a cooling liquid communication port; the flat pipes are arranged at intervals in the thickness direction of the shell, the space, located outside the flat pipes and located in the shell, of each flat pipe is a cooling liquid flowing channel, the interior of each flat pipe is a gas transmission channel, and the cooling liquid flowing channels are isolated from the gas transmission channels; the fins are arranged in the flat pipes, and the ends, facing the input end of the gas to be cooled, of the fins are completely covered by the cooling liquid flowing channels in the thickness direction of the shell. The heat of the to-be-cooled gas is diffused into the cooling liquid flowing channel through the gas transmission channel, the gas cooling operation process is formed, the ends, facing the input end of the to-be-cooled gas, of the fins can be completely covered by the action range of the cooling liquid, and therefore the cooling efficiency is improved. The cooling device has the advantages of being long in service life, stable in cooling effect, high in use safety degree, capable of avoiding frequent maintenance and overhaul and the like.

According to the device, a gas compressor, a gas heater and an atomizing gas pipe form an atomizing gas part, a cooling powder making chamber, a fan, a gas cooler and a cooling gas pipe form a cooling powder making part, and the cooling powder making chamber, the fan, the gas cooler and the cooling gas pipe form the cooling powder making part. The Venturi tube atomizer, the molten metal conveying pipe, the atomization liquid conveying pipe and the molten metal pool form an atomization part, and the molten metal pool is arranged at the lower end of a throat of the Venturi tube atomizer and communicated with the molten metal conveying pipe through the vertically-downward atomization liquid conveying pipe. High-temperature molten metal enters the molten metal pool through the molten metal conveying pipe and the atomization liquid conveying pipe, high-temperature atomization gas is accelerated to pass through the molten metal surface through the throat portion of the Venturi tube atomizer, the molten metal surface is torn off under the supercavitation effect, the molten metal is brought out, and the molten metal is diffused and atomized at a diffusion opening along with the gas to form finer liquid drops. And the atomized gas is brought into the cooling powder-making chamber and is cooled into metal powder by the cooling gas.

A vapour compression refrigeration system has a main refrigerant circuit having a main gas cooler or condenser arranged in a high pressure branch, a first main evaporator arranged in a first low pressure branch, a main compressor fluidically connecting the first low pressure branch to the high pressure branch, and an expansion device connecting the high pressure branch to an intermediate pressure branch. The system has a by-pass branch connecting the high-pressure branch to the intermediate pressure branch and provided with a by-pass valve, a secondary refrigerant circuit having a secondary gas cooler or condenser arranged in a secondary high pressure branch, a secondary evaporator arranged in a secondary low pressure branch, and a secondary expansion device connecting the secondary high pressure branch to the secondary low pressure branch. A rotary pressure exchanger is fluidically connected to the by-pass branch downstream of the by-pass valve and the secondary refrigerant circuit.

The application discloses an absorbent tower external regeneration and oxygen removal method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) the lean liquid from the bottom of the regeneration tower enters a negative pressure buffer tank, the top of the negative pressure buffer tank is connected with a steam compressor, the lean liquid extracted by the steam compressor enters a lean-liquid rich-liquid heat exchanger through a lean-liquid pump; 2) water vapor containing a small amount of CO2 enters the steam compressor, enters a regeneration oxygen remover after being adjusted by an adjusting valve I; 3) the rich liquid enters the top of the regeneration oxygen remover from top to bottom after being discharged from the lean-liquid rich-liquid heat exchanger, and steam enters the regeneration oxygen remover from bottom to top; 4) the rich liquid enters the regeneration tower from the top after being regenerated and stripped by heating; 5) the regeneration gas I after completing the heating regeneration and stripping of the rich liquid and the regeneration gas II discharged from the top of the regeneration tower enter a gas-liquid separator after passing through a gas cooler, the separated condensed water returns to the regeneration tower from the top, and the separated gas enters a membrane separation device after being compressed by a CO2 compressor. The method reduces the energy consumption of the system and realizes the cooperation of oxygen removal and energy saving.

The application discloses a transcritical CO2 ultra-high temperature heat pump system and a temperature control method, wherein supercritical CO2 is a high-temperature and high-pressure fluid at the outlet of a gas cooler, throttles to an evaporation pressure, and a large amount of throttling loss exists, which leads to the decrease of the heating energy efficiency ratio of the transcritical CO2 heat pump system, and is not conducive to the best energy-saving benefit of the ultra-high temperature heat pump. In view of the above problems, the application innovatively couples gas-electric dual-drive technology, two-stage compression intermediate cooling technology and mechanical supercooling technology, which can effectively reduce the high-pressure fluid temperature before the throttling valve of the CO2 working medium, reduce the throttling loss, drive the supercritical compressor through the adjustable turbine expander, reduce the power consumption of the compressor, improve the heating energy efficiency of the CO2 heat pump system, and flexibly and efficiently and stably supply steam in a wide range of variable working condition adjustment, improve the full working condition operation efficiency, achieve the purposes of energy saving and emission reduction and production cost reduction, and further widen the application range and application prospect of the high-temperature heat pump system.

Supercritical refrigerant circuit with compressor-ejector combination for vehicle air conditioning, comprising a section for a total refrigerant flow, a section for a suction jet refrigerant partial flow, and a section for a motive jet refrigerant partial flow, wherein in the section for the suction jet refrigerant partial flow an air conditioning evaporator (8) with associated expansion element (9) for providing cooling in an air conditioning system (32), a compressor (1), a gas cooler (2), an expansion element (5), and a suction jet heat exchanger (6), and in the section for the motive jet refrigerant partial flow a motive jet heat exchanger (33), wherein an ejector (7) is provided in which the suction jet refrigerant partial flow and the motive jet refrigerant partial flow of the refrigerant circuit are combined.wherein an ambient heat exchanger (10) and, in parallel, an air conditioning gas cooler (12) for providing heat in the air conditioning system (32) and, subsequently, a subcooler (11) are arranged in the total refrigerant flow, after which the total refrigerant flow is divided into the suction jet refrigerant partial flow and the motive jet refrigerant partial flow.

The invention relates to a fast heating fuel cell system and a control method, in the fuel cell system, air is divided into three paths after being pressurized by a fan, one path of air enters a stack cathode after absorbing heat from a combustor through an air preheater, and the other path of air directly enters a stack for adjusting the inlet temperature of the stack cathode; the other path absorbs secondary waste heat of the anode tail gas through an air cooler, and enters a stack cathode after being secondarily preheated by an air preheater; the cathode tail gas is heated by a combustor, then subjected to primary heat release by an air preheater and subjected to secondary heat release by CPOx; fuel is fed into CPOx through a circulating pump to be mixed with gas from an air preheater for a catalytic oxidation reaction, and after the reaction, primary waste heat of anode tail gas is absorbed through an anode tail gas cooler, and then the fuel enters an electric pile fuel side; anode tail gas is divided into two paths after primary heat release through the anode tail gas cooler, one path enters the combustor to be heated, and the other path returns to the circulating pump after secondary heat release through the air cooler.

The invention provides a cascade heat pump and an adjusting method, and relates to the technical field of heat pumps. The cascade heat pump comprises a first-stage heat pump circulation system, a second-stage heat pump circulation system and a tail end pipeline, the first-stage heat pump circulation system comprises a first compressor, a hot side channel of a gas cooler, a hot side channel of a cascade heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and an evaporator which are sequentially connected to form a first refrigerant circulation; the second-stage heat pump circulation system comprises a second compressor, a condenser, a second expansion valve and a cold side channel of the cascade heat exchanger which are sequentially connected to form a second refrigerant circulation; the tail end pipeline is sequentially communicated with a cold side channel of the gas cooler and a cold side channel of the condenser in the conveying direction. According to the cascade type heat pump, due to the flow direction arrangement of the gas cooler and the tail end pipeline, the effective energy of the hot side channel and the cold side channel in the condenser in the heat exchange process can be effectively improved, the heating load of the condenser is effectively reduced, and therefore the overall performance coefficient of the cascade type heat pump is improved.

A refrigeration system (10), in particular with a heat pump function, for a motor vehicle (200) with an internal combustion engine or at least partially electric drive is described. The refrigeration system (10) comprises a refrigerant circuit (11) with a refrigerant compressor (12); a first heat exchanger (18), in particular a gas cooler or condenser; a second heat exchanger (22), in particular an evaporator; and an internal heat exchanger (20). A first sensor device (pT7) for detecting a refrigerant pressure and / or a refrigerant temperature is arranged in the refrigerant circuit (11) on the high-pressure side downstream of the internal heat exchanger (20) and upstream of the second heat exchanger (22). Furthermore, a method for operating such a refrigeration system is described.

A refrigeration system (10) for a motor vehicle (200) powered by an internal combustion engine and / or an electric motor is described, comprising a refrigerant circuit (12) which includes: a refrigerant compressor (14); a first heat exchanger (16), in particular a condenser or gas cooler; a second heat exchanger (18), in particular an evaporator; a refrigerant receiver (20); wherein the refrigerant compressor (14), the first heat exchanger (16), the second heat exchanger (18) and the refrigerant receiver (20) are integrated into a main flow line (12h) of the refrigerant circuit (12) and are actively supplied with refrigerant; and an expansion tank (24) which is connected to the main flow line (12h) by means of an expansion line (26).It is provided that a separator (30) is arranged in the compensating line (26) between the main flow line (12h) and the expansion tank (24), which is designed to separate lubricants from a refrigerant-lubricant mixture, either predominantly or completely, so that refrigerant in the gas phase enters the expansion tank (24), either predominantly or completely. Furthermore, a motor vehicle (200) with such a refrigeration system (10) is described.

The utility model provides a cooler with cleaning belt distribution, which relates to the technical field of coolers, and comprises an equipment cylinder, equipment flanges arranged at four corners of the equipment cylinder, a multi-stream gas cooler arranged in the equipment cylinder, a cleaning sprayer arranged on one side of the equipment cylinder, and a shaft type lifting lug arranged on one side of the bottom of the equipment cylinder. A spiral plate type heat exchanger with cleaning belts distributed is adopted, the structural form that the heat exchange efficiency is high, and gas-liquid channels are reasonably distributed is adopted, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the heat exchange efficiency is high, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the heat exchange efficiency is high. And the purposes of naphthalene crystallization prevention, high efficiency and stable yield are achieved through structure optimization.

The utility model provides a recycling system for emptying gas in a pulverized coal preparation process. The recycling system comprises a gas washer, a gas cooler, a gas-liquid separation tank, a gas compressor and a gas pressure reducing valve, a gas inlet of the gas scrubber is used for being connected with an emptying gas outlet of a pulverized coal preparation unit, a liquid inlet of the gas scrubber is connected into a scrubbing water pipeline, a gas outlet of the gas scrubber is communicated with a gas inlet of the gas cooler, and a gas outlet of the gas cooler is communicated with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank. A gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is communicated with an inlet of the gas compressor, an outlet of the gas compressor is communicated with one end of the gas pressure reducing valve, and the other end of the gas pressure reducing valve is connected with a sealing fan inlet of the pulverized coal preparation unit. According to the utility model, not only is the resource utilization efficiency improved, but also the influence on the environment is reduced.

The application discloses a CO2 heat pump system and a defrosting control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of air source heat pump systems. The application is used to solve the problem of slow defrosting speed of the existing air source heat pump system. The application comprises a CO2 refrigerant circulation path and a water supply circulation path. The CO2 refrigerant circulation path comprises a compressor, a gas cooler, a first throttling device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected in a head-tail mode. The water supply circulation path comprises a water tank and a water circuit connecting pipe assembly. The water circuit connecting pipe assembly comprises a cold water supply pipe, a hot water return pipe, a water circuit control valve and a hot water supply pipe. The water inlet of the water tank is communicated with the hot water supply pipe, and the water outlet of the water tank is communicated with the hot water return pipe. The water inlet of the gas cooler, the cold water supply pipe, the hot water return pipe and the water circuit control valve are connected. The hot water supply pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the gas cooler. The water circuit control valve is used to control the water inlet of the gas cooler to be communicated with or disconnected from the cold water supply pipe, and to control the water inlet of the gas cooler to be communicated with or disconnected from the hot water return pipe.

A testing device for R744 supercritical and subcritical valves, relating to the technical field of refrigeration system valve testing, comprising a parallel compression assembly, a testing assembly and an auxiliary assembly, wherein the testing assembly is connected in series to the parallel compression assembly at both ends, and the auxiliary assembly is connected in series to the testing assembly; the testing assembly comprises a condenser (6) and a second gas cooler (7); a refrigerant outlet of an oil separator (4) is connected to both the condenser (6) and the second gas cooler (7) via a three-way joint, a refrigerant outlet of the condenser (6) is connected to a liquid storage tank (11), and a refrigerant outlet of the liquid storage tank (11) is connected to an inlet of the second gas cooler (7) via refrigerant piping; the second gas cooler (7) is sequentially connected to an oil heater (8), a valve under test (12) and a second evaporator (9) via refrigerant piping. The testing device enables automatic switching of the inlet and outlet flow directions of the valve under test (12) while eliminating the need to remove the valve under test (12), thereby facilitating frequent switching between forward and reverse directions during durability testing, and also allowing for performance testing of the valve under test (12) without the need to remove said valve.

The utility model discloses a heat pump system and relates to the technical field of heat pumps. The heat pump system comprises an evaporator, a first compressor, a gas cooler, an intercooler, a second compressor, a condenser and a heating pipeline. The heating pipeline is sequentially connected with the gas cooler and the condenser, the heating pipeline is used for allowing target water to flow, the first compressor is used for compressing a first refrigerant from a low-pressure gas state to an intermediate-pressure gas state, and the gas cooler is used for conducting heat exchange on the first refrigerant in the intermediate-pressure gas state and the target water so as to preliminarily heat the target water; the second compressor is used for compressing the second refrigerant from the middle pressure gas state to the high pressure gas state, and the condenser is used for conducting heat release and condensation on the high pressure gas state second refrigerant into the high pressure liquid state second refrigerant so as to heat the target water again. The heat pump system provided by the utility model can realize the effective utilization of energy, improve the energy efficiency ratio, save energy, protect the environment, improve the heating efficiency, ensure the heating effect, prevent the compressor from being overloaded and improve the safety.

The utility model discloses a composite tube plate integral serial sheet type protective gas cooler, which relates to the field of protective gas cooling and comprises an outer shell, heat exchange tubes and fins. The outer shell comprises a U-shaped protective plate, side plates and a first tube plate, the pair of side plates are fixedly installed on the U-shaped protective plate, the heat exchange tubes are U-shaped heat exchange tubes and are integrally bent, the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are installed in the outer shell, integral fins are connected to the U-shaped heat exchange tubes in an expanded mode, and the first tube plate and the second tube plate are fixedly installed on the outer shell. The first tube plate is fixedly installed on the pair of side plates on the opposite side of the U-shaped protection plate to form an outer shell, the second tube plate is fixedly installed on the other side of the first tube plate through a connecting protection piece, and the water chamber is fixedly installed on the second tube plate. And a heat exchange tube is blocked, a welded junction is heated at high temperature, and water leaks into the furnace once the welded junction cracks, so that the dew point of shielding gas is increased.

The invention discloses a warm core temperature estimation method and device, computer equipment and a computer program product, and the warm core temperature estimation method comprises the following steps: according to a warm core temperature estimation coefficient theta h, an enthalpy value h2 of CO2 at an outlet side of a compressor, an enthalpy value h3 of CO2 at an outlet side of a gas cooler, and an equivalent enthalpy value hg of CO2 in a transcritical zone representing the warm core temperature, calculating a warm core temperature estimation coefficient theta h; determining the equivalent enthalpy value hg, est of the transcritical zone CO2 representing the warm core temperature according to the reference value hmin of the est; and according to the equivalent enthalpy value hg, est and the pressure Pg, hi of the CO2 in the transcritical zone, the estimated temperature Tg, est of the warm core is determined. According to the warm core temperature estimation method, the warm core temperature is mapped through the equivalent enthalpy value of the CO2 in the transcritical zone based on the sensible-heat-like heat exchange characteristic of the CO2 heat pump system on the high-pressure side, and the accuracy of warm core temperature estimation can be improved.

A refrigeration system includes evaporators, one or more medium temperature compressors, and a three-way valve positioned downstream from the one or more medium temperature compressors. The three-way valve receives the compressed refrigerant from the medium temperature compressors and directs flow of the received compressed refrigerant to (i) a gas cooler and / or (ii) one or more of the evaporators based on an operation mode of the evaporators. A controller determines that operation of a first evaporator in a defrost mode is indicated and causes the first evaporator to operate in the defrost mode by adjusting the three-way valve to direct a portion of the received compressed refrigerant to the first evaporator.

The utility model provides a high-temperature ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment device. The high-temperature ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment device comprises a pipeline mixer, a negative pressure deamination tower, a condenser, a gas-liquid separation tank, a gas cooler, a pH regulating tank, a liquid cooler, a filter, a gaseous membrane material liquid deamination unit, an acid liquor circulating tank, a vacuum pump, a gaseous membrane material gas deamination unit, an ammonium sulfate circulating tank and an ammonium sulfate concentrated liquor tank which are sequentially connected in series. The high-temperature ammonia-nitrogen wastewater enters a negative-pressure deamination tower for deamination after being subjected to alkali adjustment through a pipeline mixer, and stronger ammonia water is obtained for reuse; ammonia-containing feed liquid at the tower bottom and ammonia-containing tail gas at the tower top respectively enter a gaseous membrane feed liquid deamination unit and a gaseous membrane feed gas deamination unit for deamination; a byproduct ammonium sulfate solution of the gaseous membrane material liquid deamination unit is used as absorption liquid of the gaseous membrane material gas deamination unit, and an ammonium sulfate concentrated solution is obtained and reused. The waste heat of the high-temperature ammonia-nitrogen wastewater is fully utilized, ammonia nitrogen in the high-temperature ammonia-nitrogen wastewater can be removed to reach the standard, ammonia resources are recycled in the form of concentrated ammonia water and concentrated ammonium sulfate, and the process is energy-saving, efficient and free of secondary pollution.

A gas cooler includes a drain recovery part, a drain discharge flow path, a drain tank, and a ventilation flow path. In the drain recovery part, drain separated from gas is accumulated by cooling the gas in a cooling part. The drain tank includes a separation part in which the drain and the gas are separated, and a storage part in which the separated drain is stored. The drain discharge flow path has one end communicating with the drain recovery part and the other end communicating with the separation part. The ventilation flow path has one end communicating with the separation part, and the other end communicating with a gas flow path that leads to a downstream space above the drain recovery part and to a gas lead-out port.