1620 results about "Throttle" patented technology

A fuel injection system for an engine of a vehicle includes a throttle body and an elastomeric injection manifold coupled to the downstream end of the throttle body. The injection manifold defines a fuel injector socket. The fuel injection system also includes a fuel injector receivable by the fuel injector socket of the injection manifold and a fuel rail fluidly coupled to the fuel injector. The fuel rail supplies fuel to the fuel injector.

The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, and particularly provides a variable cycle engine duct experiment system and experiment method. A variable cycle engine duct experiment system comprises: a first combined experiment member comprising a main flow valve and a shunt ring; the second combined experiment piece comprises a first outer culvert, a second outer culvert and an ejector; the inlet of the variable capacitor second external culvert experiment piece is connected with the external culvert outlet of the shunt ring, and the outlet is connected with the second external culvert; an inlet of the first gas collection tank is communicated with an inner culvert outlet of the shunting ring; the bypass ratio adjusting valve is used for adjusting the bypass ratio at the shunting ring; an inlet of the second gas collection tank is connected with an outlet of the first gas collection tank through an inner culvert pressurization simulator, and an outlet is communicated with the first outer culvert; an inlet of the variable capacitor confluence duct experiment piece is communicated with the second outer duct; and the outer culvert throttle valve is connected with an outlet of the variable capacitor confluence culvert experiment piece. According to the technical scheme, engine duct experiments in multiple modes can be achieved, and the experiment efficiency is improved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a hydraulic damping adjusting device of a shock absorber, the shock absorber comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod sleeved with a piston valve body, the piston valve body divides an inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity, the piston rod is provided with a throttling channel, and a throttling rod axially slides on the piston rod. A pre-tightening spring is arranged between the throttling rod and the throttling channel, the hydraulic damping adjusting device comprises a hydraulic adjusting end cover, an adjusting cavity is formed in the hydraulic adjusting end cover, and the adjusting cavity and the throttling rod are matched with a hydraulic push rod on the hydraulic adjusting end cover through a plunger to be in transmission connection. According to the utility model, the throttle lever is driven to axially move in a hydraulic mode so as to adjust the flow area of the throttle channel and realize the damping force adjustment of oil flowing, so that the problems of time and labor waste and low adjustment efficiency caused by mechanical transmission matched adjustment are avoided, and meanwhile, the problem of leakage of damping oil in the prior art is effectively solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of carburetors, in particular to a racing motorcycle carburetor throttle valve body system based on double-cavity cooperative control, which comprises a carburetor body, first valve shafts and second valve shafts which are symmetrical to each other are rotationally mounted at the centers of the two ends of the inner sides of the two throttle valve assemblies correspondingly, first bevel gears are fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the two symmetrical first valve shafts, and second bevel gears are fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the two symmetrical second valve shafts; a gear box body is fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two throttle valve assemblies, and a synchronous transmission mechanism used for achieving synchronous action of the first valve shaft and the second valve shaft is arranged in the gear box body. By arranging the two sets of symmetrical throttle valve assemblies and the synchronous transmission mechanism, absolute synchronous equal-proportion opening and closing of the first valve plate and the second valve plate of the double-cavity throttle valve can be achieved, the air inflow difference is avoided, and the double-cavity throttle valve is suitable for the high-rotating-speed scene of motorcycle racing.

The invention discloses a hovering accelerator estimation method and system for an electric power inspection unmanned aerial vehicle, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: taking a hovering accelerator of the unmanned aerial vehicle as an estimator, taking a vertical acceleration as a measurement quantity, and carrying out the real-time estimation of the hovering accelerator of the unmanned aerial vehicle through an extended Kalman filtering algorithm; the extended Kalman filtering algorithm is integrated into hovering control of the unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, compared with an existing PID control algorithm, the control precision and the dynamic response capability of fixed-point hovering of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved, better robustness is achieved, high-precision, real-time and dynamic stable hovering control can be achieved, the method can be suitable for the unmanned aerial vehicle with the weight changing in real time, and the hovering control accuracy of the unmanned aerial vehicle is improved. And the method has better generalization ability.

A multi-vehicle control system (MVCS) for control of a multi-vehicle system having independently powered and steered lead and trailer vehicles connected by a slidable length sensing tow bar system. The MVCS includes a controller configured to receive throttle, brake, and steering signals from the lead vehicle, receive signals from the tow bar system indicating an extension length of the tow bar system, a front angle deviation of the lead vehicle, and a rear angle deviation of the trailer vehicle. The controller is further configured to determine, based on the received signals, a trailer vehicle acceleration / deceleration output and a trailer vehicle steering output, determine a driving scenario of the multi-vehicle system, and operate the multi-vehicle system based on the determined driving scenario and the determined trailer vehicle acceleration / deceleration output and trailer vehicle steering output.

This invention provides a random frequency conversion control method for NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) of a motor controller in a pure electric vehicle. The method includes: simulating the full throttle pedal condition of the entire vehicle on an electric drive test bench to eliminate tire noise and wind noise interference, thereby obtaining a spectrum diagram of the NVH of the electric drive system at the IGBT base frequency under the full throttle pedal condition; analyzing the spectrum diagram to identify the prominent NVH noise range under the full throttle pedal condition, and using this prominent NVH noise range as the entry condition for random frequency conversion; establishing corresponding random frequency conversion models for different prominent NVH noise ranges based on the base frequency of the IGBT switching frequency, to perform random frequency conversion control on the prominent NVH noise ranges, and using the base frequency of the IGBT switching frequency for control in the non-prominent noise ranges. This invention can reduce the switching frequency noise of the motor controller and improve the NVH performance and safety of electric vehicles.

The invention discloses an air control system, an air inlet control method and an air inlet control device for a fuel cell. The system comprises a pressure sensor, a supercharger, an air compressor, a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a third throttle valve, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure value of the air inlet; the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve are opened or closed according to the air pressure value detected by the pressure sensor; and the supercharger is used for supercharging the air at the air inlet and transmitting the air to the air compressor when the air pressure value detected by the pressure sensor does not meet the preset threshold value. Throttle valve control can be carried out according to the pressure detected by the environment pressure sensor, air inlet control treatment is achieved, the air compressor can adapt to different environment pressures, the situation that the air compressor cannot operate normally due to continuous surge caused by insufficient air inlet amount is avoided, it is ensured that the air compressor can operate under the normal condition, and the service life of the air compressor is prolonged. Therefore, the fuel cell stack is ensured to have sufficient oxygen for electrochemical reaction.

In one aspect, a wireless remote controller for a personal watercraft is provided that includes a watertight housing forming a watertight compartment. The housing includes a through hole extending through the housing from an upper side of the housing to a lower side of the housing. The remote controller includes a throttle interface removably attached to the housing such that the throttle interface is movable between a first position and a second position and at least a portion of the throttle interface positioned within the through hole of the housing. The remote controller further includes a sensor positioned within the watertight compartment of the housing to detect a position of the throttle interface.

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, and relates to a rotary steering test method and system for simulating underground drilling fluid circulation in a workshop. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a dynamic fingerprint and a tolerance band of a circulation channel of a target well section, wherein the dynamic fingerprint comprises a time domain step and a frequency domain phase index; constructing a test loop of a series-connected adjustable hydraulic dynamic equivalent module, wherein the module comprises a containing cavity, a throttling unit and an inertia pipe unit to regulate and control flexibility, damping and inertia; applying flow disturbance and collecting flow pressure data to obtain a current dynamic fingerprint; comparing the tolerance band to iteratively adjust module parameters until the fingerprint reaches the standard; and after locking the parameters, carrying out function testing. The problem that traditional testing is disjointed with underground working conditions can be solved, testing accuracy and reliability are improved, testing cost is reduced, and testing requirements of different well sections are met.

The invention provides a high-power two-stage pump axial force adjusting device with a complex leakage channel. The high-power two-stage pump axial force adjusting device comprises a first-stage pump and a second-stage pump. A primary pump impeller is installed on the main shaft and comprises a primary pump impeller front cover plate, the primary pump impeller front cover plate is coaxially sleeved with a primary pump front floating ring, and axial force adjustment is achieved by adjusting the flow of a primary pump front leakage channel through a radial sealing gap of the primary pump front floating ring. The first-stage pump impeller rear cover plate comprises a first-stage rear cover plate body, the axial rear end face of the first-stage rear cover plate body integrally extends backwards in the axial direction to form a first-stage throttling convex shoulder, and the first-stage throttling convex shoulder is coaxially sleeved with a first-stage pump rear floating ring. The first-stage throttling convex shoulder divides a first-stage pump rear leakage channel into a high-pressure area before floating ring leakage and a low-pressure area after floating ring leakage, area distribution of the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area is changed, and adjustment of axial force is achieved. According to the device, the axial force adjustment problem of the high-power two-stage pump with a complex leakage channel is solved, and the working reliability of an engine is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, and discloses a method for quickly formulating an energy recovery strategy, which comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring a sliding resistance curve of a standard mass whole vehicle, and generating an approximate sliding resistance curve of different mass whole vehicles of the same vehicle type; step 2, based on each sliding resistance curve, formulating a sliding deceleration target value of each operation mode of the whole vehicle through a shallow accelerator sliding resistance test; setting shallow recovery strategy parameters; 3, the whole vehicle running quality of the new vehicle during running is predicted in real time, and the real-time zero-torque sliding deceleration is obtained; and step 4, obtaining a compensation amount, dynamically adjusting the sliding recovery torque according to the compensation amount, and matching a shallow recovery strategy based on the adjusted recovery torque. The method only depends on target deceleration single path input and a pre-calibration resistance model, rapid deployment and performance confirmation of the strategy are achieved on the premise that complex real vehicle calibration is not needed, and the high-balance requirement of drivability and economical efficiency is met.

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation thermal management systems, in particular to a split-flow dual-mode refrigeration comprehensive thermal management system, a hybrid aircraft and a method. A split-flow dual-mode refrigeration comprehensive heat management system comprises a secondary refrigerant heat conduction loop and an evaporation circulation refrigeration loop. The secondary refrigerant heat conduction loop comprises a liquid cooling pump, a power battery heat conduction flow channel, a flow divider, a storage tank, a starter generator heat conduction flow channel and a liquid cooling radiator. The evaporation circulation refrigerating loop comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator which are communicated in sequence; the split-flow dual-mode refrigeration comprehensive heat management system comprises a mixed refrigeration mode; a secondary refrigerant flowing loop of the secondary refrigerant heat conduction loop in the mixed refrigeration mode comprises a first sub-loop and a second sub-loop; therefore, the problems of high evaporation circulation power and low power-to-weight ratio of the battery thermal management system are solved.

A tiller system for a marine drive having an electric motor is provided. The tiller system includes a tiller having a shift handle and a throttle grip configured to be rotated about a throttle axis to control a speed of the electric motor. The tiller system further includes a controller communicatively coupled to the throttle grip and the shift handle. The controller is configured to determine whether the tiller is in a separate handle mode or a throttle grip mode. Responsive to a determination that the tiller is in the throttle grip mode, the controller is configured to operate the electric motor such that a rotation of the throttle grip about the throttle axis controls a rotation direction of the electric motor.

A throttle housing and cam assembly includes a cam mountable on an end of a throttle tube, an outer bearing flange and a cam head. The cam head has one or more cable receiving apertures and a cable groove for receiving a throttle cable. A bearing is mounted on the outer bearing flange. A throttle housing is formed with a bearing groove and a cam groove. An outer stationary portion of the bearing is received firmly in the bearing groove and the cam is free to move in the cam groove.

A vehicle speed control method, comprising: when an automatic parking system is operating, an automatic transmission control unit (100a) of a vehicle (100) entering an automatic parking operating condition in response to a torque output from an engine of the vehicle (100); under the automatic parking operating condition, the automatic transmission control unit (100a) acquiring a vehicle speed control signal of the vehicle (100), the vehicle speed control signal comprising a braking force signal or a throttle signal, the braking force signal being issued by an electronic stability system of the vehicle (100) under control of the automatic parking system, and the throttle signal being issued by an engine management system (100b) of the vehicle (100) under control of the automatic parking system; and the automatic transmission control unit (100a) controlling a clutch (100a1) of an automatic transmission of the vehicle (100) on the basis of the vehicle speed control signal, so that the vehicle speed of the vehicle (100) is maintained at a target vehicle speed corresponding to the automatic parking operating condition. A vehicle speed control apparatus, used for implementing the vehicle speed control method. A computer device, used for performing the vehicle speed control method. A computer-readable storage medium, used for implementing the vehicle speed control method. A computer program product, used for implementing the vehicle speed control method. Such a configuration ensures the accuracy of vehicle speed control and improves vehicle speed control performance.

A working fluid circulates through a heat pump cycle in a first direction. Heat is transferred from a first environment to a working fluid. The working fluid is pressurized by a compressor. Heat is transferred from the working fluid to a second environment different from the first environment. A first portion of the working fluid is flowed through a throttle valve. A second portion of the working fluid is flowed to a turbine wheel of a flow-through electric generator. Electrical power is generated by the generator in response to the second portion of the working fluid flowing across the turbine wheel. The working fluid can circulate through the heat pump cycle in a second direction opposite the first direction. Regardless of whether the working fluid flows through the heat pump cycle in the first or second directions, impellers of the generator rotate in the same direction.

A shock absorber includes a first passage provided in a piston and through which a working fluid moves from a chamber on an upstream side to a chamber on a downstream side in a cylinder due to movement of the piston, a first damping force generation mechanism provided in the first passage to generate a damping force, a second passage (141) provided in a piston rod (21), and a fixing member fixed to the piston rod (21) to form the second passage (141), and a second damping force generation mechanism provided in the second passage (141) to generate a damping force, in which a throttle member (161) provided in the second damping force generation mechanism, including a plurality of notch parts (171) at substantially regular intervals in a circumferential direction to form a throttle flow path (76) in the second passage due to the notch parts (171), and formed to have a flow path area of the throttle flow path (76) that is constant regardless of an attachment position thereof in the circumferential direction is further provided.

The invention provides a composite feedforward cooperative control method and system for propulsion of a controllable-pitch propeller of a ship. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a propulsion composite model comprising a ship load inquiry function model and a controllable-pitch propeller propulsion cooperative control model; identifying ship resistance characteristics in real time through a load inquiry model, predicting main engine power and propeller rotating speed requirements at different navigational speeds, and calculating a main engine power margin; setting a host security threshold based on the maximum persistent power margin; within the allowable range of the safety threshold value, three cooperative control modes are selected and executed in a self-adaptive mode according to the navigation working condition, wherein the three cooperative control modes include the pitch-accelerator joint control mode under the constant rotating speed of a main engine, the main engine rotating speed-accelerator joint control mode under the fixed pitch of a controllable-pitch propeller and the controllable-pitch propeller rotating speed-pitch joint control mode under the constant power of the main engine. According to the invention, through feedforward prediction and multivariable cooperation, navigational speed closed-loop stable control is realized, the problems of host overload, black smoke emission, high exhaust temperature and large control fluctuation are fundamentally avoided, and fuel economy and all-condition navigation safety are improved.

The utility model provides an electric air-suction type high-efficiency high-seed-throwing-rate multifunctional seeder which is driven by a tractor, the tractor is matched with a high-power generator, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is determined by the number of seeding monomers; and each seeding unit adopts an independent electric fan and an air suction type seeding device. According to the utility model, the conditions that the existing air suction type seeding machine is of a power output driving fan structure, is influenced by the size of an accelerator of a tractor and clutch switching during gear shifting, often causes the phenomena of seed loss and miss seeding due to unstable wind power or wind power interruption, and does not have a matched air suction type seeding machine with the power of less than 90 horsepower are changed. Compared with a traditional air suction type seeding machine, the air suction type seeding machine can normally work in the field without reseeding, can save 2000-3000 seeds every day, can normally work when the rotating speed of a tractor is 900 revolutions or above, and can save fuel cost by 30% or above every day compared with the traditional air suction type seeding machine.

The application belongs to the technical field of semiconductor equipment, and provides a multi-path proportional gas distribution device, which comprises: a gas inlet device configured to deliver reaction gas to a throttle hole; a plurality of throttle holes, a first side of which is connected with the gas inlet device, and a second side of which is connected with a reaction cavity, wherein the throttle holes are configured to adjust the opening area to adjust the mass flow of the reaction gas passing through the throttle holes; and the reaction cavity, wherein the reaction gas enters the reaction cavity through the throttle holes to perform a reaction. The device can realize true proportional flow control, greatly improve the reproducibility and repeatability of process adjustment, and does not need to control the back pressure upstream of the nozzle, removes the back pressure constraint of multiple MFCs, and avoids the generation of over-constraint. i Natural formation, avoiding the generation of over-constraint.

The utility model discloses an airplane throttle lever onboard installation state simulation device, which belongs to the field of airplane throttle lever manufacturing and repairing and comprises a table-board type support frame and a throttle lever installation frame fixed on one side of the top end face of the table-board type support frame, the other side of the top end face of the table-board type support frame is detachably connected with a pulley assembly, and the other side of the top end face of the table-board type support frame is detachably connected with the throttle lever installation frame. A mounting hole is formed in the top end face of the throttle lever mounting frame, the throttle lever mounting frame and an external throttle lever are detachably connected by implanting a hexagon bolt into the mounting hole, a sliding rail is arranged on the top end face of the table-board type supporting frame, and the pulley assembly is arranged on the sliding rail and can be adjusted in position. And the slide rail is fixed on the slide rail through a T-shaped bolt and a butterfly nut. According to the utility model, the on-board installation state of the throttle lever can be simulated more truly, thereby reducing the difference.

The utility model relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to an air conditioning system, and aims to solve the problem of how to reduce the cost and space occupancy rate of the air conditioning system while avoiding large fluctuation of exhaust temperature caused by too small opening of an expansion valve in the heating process. In order to achieve the purpose, according to the air conditioning system, the one-way throttle valve is arranged between the evaporator and the expansion valve to replace a capillary tube and a control valve which are traditionally arranged in parallel, the product cost and the space occupancy rate are effectively reduced, it is guaranteed that refrigerants smoothly pass through the one-way throttle valve in the refrigeration mode, efficient non-throttling conduction is achieved, and the service life of the air conditioning system is prolonged. Therefore, the refrigeration effect of the air-conditioning system is ensured; in the heating mode, the one-way throttle valve can assist in adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve, so that the one-way throttle valve and the expansion valve cooperate to throttle a refrigerant, the situation that the opening degree of the expansion valve is too small, and consequently the exhaust temperature and the air outlet temperature fluctuate greatly is avoided, the heating effect of the air conditioner system is ensured, and the stability and reliability of the air conditioner system are improved.

The application relates to a main landing gear cabin ventilation device and an airplane comprising the device. In the device, a ram air inlet is located on a ram air side of a skin; a main air supply pipeline is connected to the ram air inlet; a ventilation disc is located at the end of the main air supply pipeline and used for conveying ram air to a wheel assembly in the main landing gear cabin; a bypass pipeline is connected to the ram air inlet; a skin air outlet is located at the end of the bypass pipeline; a flow self-adjusting module is installed in the bypass pipeline; a throttle contraction structure defines a flow channel; an air bag is located in the flow channel; the flow area of the flow channel is changed by expansion or contraction of the air bag; one end of a heat pipe is connected to a wind collecting cover, and the other end of the heat pipe is inserted into the air bag and used for transmitting heat of the wheel assembly to the air bag so that the air bag is expanded or contracted. According to the above technical scheme, the following beneficial technical effects can be achieved: the main air supply pipeline flow can be automatically adjusted according to the temperature state of the wheel assembly, and the main landing gear cabin is cooled on demand.

Adjustable throttle module for controlling one or more fluid flows and / or fluid currents in a process plant, such as a chemical plant, a power plant, a food processing plant, or the like, comprising: a fluid control body (100; 200) with a cylindrical section (102; 202) designed to engage with a hollow cylindrical control piston (320), wherein the cylindrical section (102; 202) has at least one elongated recess (106; 206) on an outer side (104; 204), wherein the at least one elongated recess (106; 206) extends in the axial direction of the fluid control body (100; 200), characterized by the fact that the fluid control body (108; 208) comprises a disk-shaped section (106; 206) which is designed to provide a sealing surface or sealing edge for the hollow cylindrical control piston (320).

To make three of generation of negative pressure for a brake booster, ignition timing retard for warming up a catalyst, and securing of torque for maintaining idle operation coexist to the maximum.SOLUTION: An engine required torque to be generated for maintaining an idle operation is calculated (S1), a net target air amount required for the engine required torque is calculated when an ignition timing is MBT (S2), a required ignition timing retard amount required for warming up a three way catalytic converter is determined (S3), a retard target air amount required for realizing the engine required torque under an ignition timing according to the required ignition timing retard amount is calculated (S4, S5), and an upper limit differential pressure securing target air amount required for securing a negative pressure is calculated (S6). The retard target air amount and the differential pressure securing target air amount are compared with each other (S7), and when the retard target air amount is equal to or less than the differential pressure securing target air amount, the throttle valve is controlled according to the retard target air amount, and the ignition timing retard according to the required ignition timing retard amount is performed (S8 to 10).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

The invention aims to provide a single needle valve type high-response methanol-diesel injector based on opposed electromagnetic valve control, and belongs to the field of engines. Opposite type double-medium channel control assemblies are installed in an ejector connector body, an ejector middle body and an ejector throttling block, a methanol / diesel shared nozzle assembly is installed in a nozzle body, a diesel connector and a methanol connector are installed on the side of the ejector connector body, a high-pressure diesel channel is arranged in the diesel connector, and a high-pressure methanol channel is arranged in the methanol connector. Free connection and disconnection of an internal high-pressure methanol path and an internal high-pressure diesel path can be controlled, then independent injection of methanol fuel and diesel fuel is achieved, the two fuel injection modes are controlled through the same needle valve, the fuel is injected through the same injection hole, and the advantages of being high in reliability and simple in structure are achieved. And after methanol / diesel oil injection is finished, rapid cut-off of an internal passage of the injector and rapid seating of the needle valve can be achieved, and the response characteristic of fuel injection mode switching of the injector is improved.

The invention provides a fuel cell system and a humidification control method thereof. The fuel cell system comprises an electric pile, a humidifier and an air pipeline, wherein the air pipeline comprises a dry air inlet header pipe, an air pile inlet pipeline, a dry air bypass, an air return pipeline, a backpressure pipeline and a bypass pipeline; one end of the air return pipeline is connected with an air outlet of the galvanic pile, and the other end is connected with a return air inlet of the humidifier; one end of the backpressure pipeline is connected with a backflow air outlet of the humidifier, and the other end is communicated with external atmosphere; two ends of the bypass pipeline are connected with an air return pipeline and a backpressure pipeline; a first throttle valve is arranged in the dry air inlet main pipe; a second throttle valve is arranged in the dry air bypass; a third throttle valve is arranged in the air return pipeline; and a fourth throttle valve is arranged in the bypass pipeline. In this way, when humidification is needed, the opening degree of the first throttle valve and the third throttle valve can be increased, the opening degree of the second throttle valve and the fourth throttle valve can be reduced, the water supplementing requirement of the humidifier is lowered, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

The application discloses a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle terminal guidance method and device, equipment and storage medium, belongs to the unmanned aerial vehicle control technical field, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the line-of-sight elevation angle, line-of-sight elevation angle speed, line-of-sight azimuth angle speed and body line-of-sight azimuth angle output by the strapdown seeker on the unmanned aerial vehicle; acquiring the throttle value of the unmanned aerial vehicle before switching terminal guidance; calculating the terminal guidance command including throttle, roll, pitch and heading angle rate command according to the above guidance information and throttle value; finally, the command is executed by the inner loop controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle until the target is hit. The application can realize accurate terminal guidance only by using the information of the on-board seeker without relying on GNSS signals, has the advantages of simple calculation, high reliability and low cost, and is suitable for striking tasks on ground stationary or low-speed maneuvering targets in a navigation signal denial environment.

The invention relates to an interchangeable holder (30) for throttle valves (40) of different sizes in a fluid-carrying system, in particular a vehicle, wherein the interchangeable holder (30) is designed such that it can be removed from the system and the throttle valves (40) can be exchanged when removed. The invention also relates to a fluid-carrying system, in particular in a vehicle, comprising at least one interchangeable holder (30), and to a vehicle.