A
hydraulic drive system for adaptively controlling the speed of a cooling fan of a rail
engineering vehicle is provided. The oil outlet of a hydraulic
plunger variable pump is connected to one end of a
pressure pipe connected to a
hydraulic motor, and the other end of the
pressure pipe is connected to the oil inlet of a temperature-controlled
proportional valve group. One oil outlet of each temperature-controlled
proportional valve group is connected to an oil return
pipe via a hydraulic oil radiator, and the oil return
pipe is connected to a hydraulic
oil tank. Two branches of the oil return
pipe are respectively connected to the other oil outlets of the
two temperature-controlled
proportional valve groups. A safety protection structure connected in parallel with the
hydraulic motor is provided on the
pressure pipe, and the hydraulic
plunger variable pump is connected to a flow regulation structure. The present invention solves the drawbacks of large
system pressure shocks and extremely high
noise generated when traditional on-off valve groups control the cooling fan. The
system power is dynamically matched in real time according to the heat dissipation requirements to ensure
safe operation of the vehicle, reduce the
impact of instantaneous starting and stopping of the cooling fan, reduce the
noise generated, and increase the available traction power of the vehicle power
system.