The invention provides an
optimal design method of an ultralow-temperature multi-load heat insulation support, a support
assembly and an
experimental research method, and relates to the field of large superfluid
helium low-temperature distribution systems. Comprising the following steps: selecting thickness parameters of a casing
pipe in each stage of temperature zone of a supporting
assembly and a supporting panel as optimization design parameters to carry out parametric modeling, and introducing a stress maximum value and a
heat leakage value as target values; and based on the thickness parameters of the
cold shield sleeve and the supporting panel of each stage of temperature zone, taking a
genetic algorithm as an optimization function, performing iterative calculation in combination with
simulation software, obtaining the thickness parameters of the
cold shield sleeve and the supporting panel under the optimal boundary, determining the
heat leakage value and the maximum stress value of the supporting
assembly according to the optimal boundary, and then
processing the supporting assembly. By combining various
simulation technical means and
experimental research, the problems of poor performance of the support assembly, lack of
process verification and the like caused by the adoption of a classic model are solved, and the rigidity and robustness of the large-scale superfluid
helium transmission and
distribution system are effectively optimized and improved.