An electronic device comprises a first
wireless communication circuit, an orientation sensor, and a controller. The first
wireless communication circuit is configured to transmit and receive first
wireless signals via a plurality of antennas. The orientation sensor is configured to provide heading information indicative of an orientation of the electronic device in a
reference frame. The controller is configured to obtain the heading information from the orientation sensor, and to control the first wireless communication circuit to transmit at least one first
wireless signal comprising information indicative of the heading information and an identifier of the electronic device. The controller is configured to receive, via the first wireless communication circuit, at least one first
wireless signal transmitted by another device, and to determine, based on differences in
arrival time and / or phase of the at least one first
wireless signal at the plurality of antennas, a
direction vector from the electronic device towards the other device. The controller is configured to determine, based on a time-of-flight associated with the at least one first wireless
signal, a distance between the electronic device and the other device, and to compare the
direction vector with the heading information and, when the
direction vector satisfies a directional criterion relative to the heading information and the distance is within a predetermined range, generate a target-determination
signal or proximity
signal.