92results about "Gasifier mechanical details" patented technology

A fully modularized mid-feed pyrolysis reactor includes modularized upper, middle, and lower vessels. The middle vessel is equipped with at least two feeding units. Discharge pipes of the feeding units are placed into the core feeding and reaction zone of the reactor. The discharge outlets of the discharge pipes are equipped with heat-insulating valves that can automatically close under gravity. The lower vessel integrates an integrated grate, which can be rotatably arranged inside the lower vessel. The top of the integrated grate is equipped with a rotatable distributor including a support tray and a material distribution tower with a pointed top structure positioned at the center of the support tray. The bracket formed by water-cooling pipes on the distributor can act as an agitator. Under the premise of achieving precise control, this invention solves the technical problems of single feedstock and small reactor capacity in existing bottom-feed vertical pyrolysis reactors.

A system comprising a gasifier comprising one or more burners configured to accept a carbonaceous fuel and an oxidant to produce a syngas and a molten slag; a throat configured to accept the syngas and molten slag from the gasifier; and a radiant syngas cooler positioned below the gasifier configured to accept the syngas and molten slag from the throat; wherein the throat comprises an outer wall and one or more fins extending radially inwards from the outer wall.

A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an inside surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction, and a top face and a bottom face in the vertical direction, wherein the inner, outer, top, and bottom faces define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face, and the outer face.

A fully modularized, bottom-feed type pyrolysis reactor includes a reactor vessel, a feeding unit, an integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit. The reactor vessel includes detachable upper and lower vessels. The integrated grate is rotatable and integrated to an air inlet unit, feeding unit, and discharge unit. A water-cooled cooling and stirring pipe is mounted on a top face of the integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit is located at the bottom of the integrated grate. Ash / char is discharged through discharge gate unit, addressing the problems of inconvenient transportation, installation of the pyrolysis reactor, and imprecise temperature control. Manufactured in a modular fashion, the electrical and monitoring systems are pre-assembled and comprehensively tested before transportation to the site, reducing installation time by 90% while ensuring installation quality and allowing for various orientation configurations to meet customers' on-site requirements without altering the overall design of the reactor.

Disclosed is a biomass gasification and waste incineration integrated furnace, which relates to the technical field of biomass gasification and waste incineration, and includes a waste incineration furnace chamber and a biomass gasification furnace chamber. A mutual contact region exists between the waste incineration furnace chamber and the biomass gasification furnace chamber, and heat transfer can be realized between the waste incineration furnace chamber and the biomass gasification furnace chamber. Heat generated by the waste incineration furnace chamber is used for conduction to the biomass gasification furnace chamber, and excess heat generated by the waste incineration can be supplied to the biomass gasification furnace chamber for reactions therein, thereby reducing the heat additionally used by the biomass gasification furnace chamber and saving energy consumption.

An integrated gasification and power generation system includes a gasifier configured to receive biomass and generate syngas, wherein the gasifier is configured to operate at a pressure of approximately 100 bar to approximately 400 bar. The system further includes a recuperated Brayton thermodynamic power generation loop configured to receive the generated syngas and convert the generated syngas into a CO2 working fluid, wherein at least a portion of the CO2 working fluid from the power generation loop is reintroduced from the power generation loop to the gasifier.

A gasifier system configured to generate synthesis gas via thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an oxygen deprived atmosphere via pyrolysis is disclosed. The gasifier may include numerous subsystems configured to increase the operational efficiency of the gasifier. For example, and not by means of limitation, the gasifier may include a syngas recirculation system, a screenless ash removal system, a tar reduction system, a negative slope gasifier system and a syngas catalyzer system. The syngas recirculation system may increase efficiency of the gasifier system.

A method of producing a gas from a combustible material is provided. The method comprises the steps of loading the combustible material into a containment structure and sealing it therein. An oxidant is fed into the sealed containment structure with a controlled flow rate and a controlled rate of movement such that the combustible material is partly converted, thereby leaving behind thermally affected layers of combustible material after the injection point has passed through the material. At least some of the combustible material is converted into molten slag and or char that accumulates as the bottom-most thermally affected layer and subsequently cools and solidifies. The method is characterised in that it further includes the step of discharging solid slag and or char in the bottom-most thermally affected layer from under material that remains in the containment structure to remove solid slag and or char from the containment structure.

A method of producing a gas from a combustible material is provided. The method comprises the steps of loading the combustible material into a containment structure and sealing it therein. An oxidant is fed into the sealed containment structure with a controlled flow rate and a controlled rate of movement such that the combustible material is partly converted, thereby leaving behind thermally affected layers of combustible material after the injection point has passed through the material. At least some of the combustible material is converted into molten slag and or char that accumulates as the bottom-most thermally affected layer and subsequently cools and solidifies. The method is characterised in that it further includes the step of discharging solid slag and or char in the bottom-most thermally affected layer from under material that remains in the containment structure to remove solid slag and or char from the containment structure.

An apparatus includes at least one container with at least one carbonaceous material inlet, at an upper end of the container, for providing carbonaceous material into an internal chamber of the container; at least one first carbonaceous material outlet, at a lower end of the container, for removing carbonaceous material from the internal chamber; and at least one gas outlet for removing gas from the internal chamber. The internal chamber includes a first carbonaceous material communication pathway between the carbonaceous material inlet and the first carbonaceous material outlet, and carbonaceous material which travels along the first carbonaceous material communication pathway in use at least passes consecutively through a first reduction zone, a first oxidation zone, and a second reduction zone.

A waste conversion apparatus and a method of implementing the apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes a control system, and a feedstock analysis system or output analysis system. A plasma forming device within a reactor of the waste conversion apparatus is controlled by the control system to apply a plasma arc to a supply of waste feedstock supplied to the system. Integrated feedback control is provided to the plasma forming device based on an analysis by the feedback analysis system to characterize of the supply of waste feedstock, and / or an analysis by the output analysis system to characterize a gas product from the reactor.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

A device for producing a combustible gas mixture from a carbon-containing starting material, in particular from lumpy wood, comprising a feed unit (10) for feeding the starting material to a reactor (19), wherein the reactor (19) comprises at least one oxidation zone (24) for oxidizing the starting material and a reduction zone (25) for reducing at least one intermediate product of the oxidation, wherein a shaft seal is provided for rotating drives, and wherein a rotating shaft (4) is sealed against a dust-, pressure-, and tar-laden atmosphere by at least one sealing bush (7), wherein the sealing bush (7) consists of at least one split ring (3) consisting of an inner ring (33) mounted on the shaft (4) in a rotationally fixed manner, which inner ring is connected via a sealing gap (34, 34a-d) directed in the axial direction to a radial outer ring (32) arranged in a housing (1) of the sealing bush (7), characterized in thatthat at least one further seal (2) is arranged in the housing (1) in the axial direction away from the split ring (3), and that an annular space (31) is arranged between the split ring (3) and the at least one further seal (2), which is filled with a lubricant (38) which can be introduced via a fluid-conducting bore (5) connected to the annular space (31) and which penetrates and lubricates the entire sealing gap (34, 34a-d).

Described are an intelligence system and process for material blending in the gasification. The system includes a subsystem for material blending in the gasification, wherein the subsystem for material blending in the gasification includes a raw material property rapid analysis module, for obtaining raw material property parameters of raw materials according to characteristic spectral line intensities of in-furnace raw materials; a blended material property prediction module, for establishing a prediction model, and predicting blended material property parameters by means of the prediction model according to raw material property parameters and raw material proportions; a blending scheme optimization module, for establishing an optimization model, and obtaining an optimized blending scheme by means of the optimization model according to blended material property parameters; a blending scheme economy evaluation module, for outputting a blending scheme with the optimum technical economy.

A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an inside surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction, and a top face and a bottom face in the vertical direction, wherein the inner, outer, top, and bottom faces define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face, and the outer face.

A reaction chamber for a feedstock reactor includes an outer shell defining a reaction volume and having a heat-resistant refractory, an inlet for allowing a feedstock to enter the reaction volume, an outlet for allowing reaction products, formed as a result of decomposition of the feedstock in the reaction volume, to exit the reaction volume, and a protective liner lining an interior surface of the outer shell and comprising a compliant shock-absorbing layer.

Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination.

The invention relates to the technical field of semi-waste boiler gasification furnace sealing, in particular to a semi-waste boiler gasification furnace water cooler sealing device and method, a gap between a water cooler and an upper water cooling wall is sealed through a high-temperature-resistant flexible sealing piece, and meanwhile the sealing effect between the water cooler and the upper water cooling wall after deformation can be guaranteed; meanwhile, a supporting cylinder is arranged between the water cooler and the high-temperature-resistant flexible sealing piece, a supporting arc plate is arranged between the high-temperature-resistant flexible sealing piece and the upper water cooling wall, the supporting cylinder is in sealed connection with the water cooler, and the supporting arc plate is in sealed connection with the upper water cooling wall, so that the situation that the sealing effect is reduced due to insufficient contact is avoided; meanwhile, the supporting arc plates are extruded when the upper water cooling wall is subjected to thermal deformation, so that the deformation of the upper water cooling wall is prevented from being hindered, and the service life is guaranteed; and meanwhile, the top pressing ring and the bottom supporting ring are used for limiting the position of the high-temperature-resistant flexible sealing piece in the extrusion deformation process, the sealing effect is guaranteed, and the sealing requirement is met.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

The invention relates to a gas generation module for obtaining gas from carbon-containing fuel, wherein: the gas generation module has a reactor module; the reactor module encloses a reactor cavity; the gas generation module has at least one fuel supply; the gas generation module has a product gas outlet; the gas generation module has a combustion product discharge unit; the gas generation module is designed to convert fuel into product gas and combustion product; the combustion product discharge unit has a screw, a spindle or a spiral in order to transport the combustion product out of the reactor cavity; inside the reactor module no separation element is provided, and therefore fuel and combustion product are not mechanically separated by means of a separation element inside the reactor module.

A pyrolysis chamber comprising: a reaction chamber; a grate arranged for the support of pyrolysis materials; a hinge connecting the grate to the lower wall of the reaction chamber, wherein the grate opens downwardly; and a catch mechanism for holding the grate in a horizontal position, wherein said catch mechanism comprises a sacrificial catch comprising a combustible material. The pyrolysis chamber may be tubular, cylindrical, a hexagonal prism or cuboid shaped. The chamber may have a sacrificial liner. The chamber may have an enclosure wall and air gap surrounding the chamber wall. The sacrificial catch may be biomass or the same or similar material to that which is being pyrolyzed.

Exemplary embodiments provide a pyro gasifyer apparatus and method that may be used in a pyro-gasification system. According to an example embodiment, a loading unit may receive waste and a pyro gasifier unit may receive the waste and convert it into purified syngas through a two-stage process using exhaust gas and a gasifying agent. An engine may receive the purified syngas and generate the exhaust gas, such that a gasifying unit may generate the gasifying agent using energy provided by the exhaust gas. A control unit may monitor and control the amount of the purified syngas, the exhaust gas, and the gasifying agent.

An integrated gasification and power generation system includes a gasifier configured to receive biomass and generate syngas, wherein the gasifier is configured to operate at a pressure of approximately 100 bar to approximately 400 bar. The system further includes a recuperated Brayton thermodynamic power generation loop configured to receive the generated syngas and convert the generated syngas into a CO2 working fluid, wherein at least a portion of the CO2 working fluid from the power generation loop is reintroduced from the power generation loop to the gasifier.

The present disclosure discloses a Y-shaped entrained-flow high-temperature zoned gasification device adopting dry-process slag-discharging, which comprises a Y-shaped entrained-flow gasifier, wherein the Y-shaped entrained-flow gasifier is partitioned by a sectioned conical head into an upper gasification chamber and a lower chilling chamber; a descending bed atomizing chiller is arranged in the chilling chamber, a conical top of the descending bed atomizing chiller is in communication with an outlet of the sectioned conical head, and two or more chilling atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the conical top of the descending bed atomizing chiller in a circumferential direction.

The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage with solid-waste treatment. Provided is a peak shaving system coupling surplus energy consumption and solid-waste treatment. The system comprises: a solar concentration tower, wherein a heat absorber can supply heat to a gasifier, and the gasifier can pyrolyze solid waste into primary fuel gas, pyrolytic fuel oil and pyrolysis char; a gas storage tank is in communication with the gasifier and is configured to collect the primary fuel gas; a tar storage mechanism is in communication with the gasifier and is configured to store the pyrolytic fuel oil and the pyrolysis char; and a microwave pyrolysis apparatus is powered by a thermal power generation unit, and the microwave pyrolysis apparatus can pyrolyze the pyrolytic fuel oil and the pyrolysis char to form secondary fuel gas and collect the secondary fuel gas into the gas storage tank. By coupling solid waste treatment with the thermal power generation unit, during an off-peak period of electricity consumption, surplus electric energy of the thermal power generation unit is used for solid-waste treatment, allowing the thermal power generation unit to maintain operation at a sufficiently high load, and during a peak period of electricity consumption, the fuel gas generated from solid-waste treatment is used for power generation to reduce the load of the thermal power generation unit, thereby realizing a valley-filling and peak-shaving function.

A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an inside surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction, and a top face and a bottom face in the vertical direction, wherein the inner, outer, top, and bottom faces define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face, and the outer face.

A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas, the gasifier comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an interior surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction and a top face and a bottom face in a vertical direction wherein the inner face, the outer face, the top face and the bottom face define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face and the outer face.

A reactor useful in the production and conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks may include: a pressure vessel with an interior wall; a refractory lining inside the reactor, wherein the refractory lining comprises: a first layer comprising a brick refractory, a second layer comprising a refractory castable, wherein the refractory castable comprises an aggregate and a binder, wherein the binder comprises CaO·6Al2O3 and less than 1 wt % of a hydratable calcium aluminate, and a third layer comprising a fiber refractory, wherein the second layer is between the first and third layers, and wherein the third layer is closest to the interior wall.

A system for peak shaving with coupled surplus energy utilization and solid waste treatment is provided. The system includes a solar concentrating tower provided with a heat absorber, a gasifier, a gas storage tank, a tar storage mechanism, and a microwave pyrolysis device. The heat absorber configured to supply heat to the gasifier. The gasifier is configured to pyrolyze solid waste into primary combustible gas, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis char. The gas storage tank is in fluid communication with the gasifier and configured to collect the primary combustible gas. The tar storage mechanism is in fluid communication with the gasifier and configured to store the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis char. The microwave pyrolysis device is powered by a thermal power generation unit. The microwave pyrolysis device is configured to pyrolyze the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis char into secondary combustible gas, which is collected into the gas storage tank.

The present invention discloses a continuous slag discharge device and a slag discharge method for a fluidized bed gasifier, wherein the slag discharge device comprises a slag discharge tank, a slag discharge channel, a slag pool, a water source, a clean water pool and a first slag discharge pipe; the first slag discharge pipe is fixedly and obliquely penetrated on the side wall below the slag discharge tank; the slag inlet end of the first slag discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the slag discharge tank, and the slag outlet end of the first slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag inlet of the slag pool through a pipeline; the method comprises the following steps: (1) the ash slag is settled below the slag discharge tank; (2) the ash slag solution is squeezed from the first slag discharge pipe into the slag pool. Beneficial effects: The slag discharge device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to implement; the slag discharge system is simplified, thereby reducing the investment in equipment and the slag discharge cost; the slag discharge process is simplified and the slag discharge efficiency is improved; the slag discharge amount of the gasifier can be accurately controlled; the reuse of water resources is realized and the waste of water resources is avoided.