90 results about "Photon counter" patented technology

To provide a technology capable of measuring a temperature of an object exposed to plasma.SOLUTION: A method for measuring a temperature of an object based on optically detected magnetic resonance of inorganic fluorescent particles comprises the steps of: (a) irradiating inorganic fluorescent particles arranged near an object exposed to plasma and / or inorganic fluorescent particles held by the object with a plurality of types of microwaves having mutually different frequencies; (b) measuring fluorescence intensities of the inorganic fluorescent particles when irradiated with each type of microwaves using separate photon counters; and (c) calculating the temperature of the object based on the obtained fluorescence intensities or a value based on the fluorescence intensities.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The invention discloses a double-comb non-cooperative target ranging system based on single photon detection, which is characterized in that an optical pulse output by a first optical frequency comb is divided into two paths of light through a first beam splitter, the first path of light is combined with one of two paths of light divided by a second optical frequency comb through a second beam splitter, and the combined light is transmitted to a first nonlinear frequency up-conversion module; a sum frequency light pulse in the wave band of 780 nm is generated and detected by a base avalanche diode photoelectric detector, and then a time-dependent single photon counter is triggered to start counting; the second path of light is output to a beam expanding collimator through the circulator and irradiates a target to be measured through spatial propagation, the beam expanding collimator collects diffuse reflection light and returns the diffuse reflection light to a third port of the circulator along the original path, and the diffuse reflection light and the other path of light split by the second optical frequency comb through the second beam splitter are combined and transmitted to a second nonlinear frequency up-conversion module; the up-conversion light after sum frequency conversion passes through the optical filter group and then is recorded by a stop end of the single photon counting module, multi-cycle accumulative statistics is carried out by the time correlation single photon counter, and finally a photon counting waveform is reconstructed and the flight time difference of the to-be-measured target is calculated by the computer.

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional random number generator and a multi-dimensional random number generation method. The multi-dimensional random number generator comprises a single photon source, a polarization beam splitter, a 50: 50 beam splitter, a first single photon detector, a second single photon detector, a third single photon detector, a photon counter and a control processing module. Extraction and conversion of polarization correlation randomness, path correlation randomness and time correlation randomness are completed in the same system, the quantum random number sequence based on multiple principles is generated, the multi-dimensional quantum random number sequence is generated through a characteristic joint coding method, the randomness is higher, and the quantum random number sequence is more uniform. Extra chip hardware is not needed to provide computing power and post-processing operation, and the process is simpler, more efficient and more stable. In addition, the multi-dimensional random number generator provided by the invention is simpler and more compact in structure, and the entropy source utilization efficiency and the device damage resistance of the quantum random number generator are improved.

The invention relates to a photon number distinguishable detection system and a photon number distinguishable detection method. A BOOST booster circuit module provides a direct-current voltage meeting the requirement that a multi-pixel photon counter works in a Geiger mode under the control of an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array); the temperature control circuit module collects the internal temperature of the multi-pixel photon counter and controls the temperature, so that the multi-pixel photon counter works at a constant temperature; the signal amplification circuit module amplifies an avalanche signal output by the multi-pixel photon counter and sends the amplified avalanche signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module carries out extraction, photon number distribution analysis, error analysis and optimization and real-time photon number judgment and output on the signal output by the multi-pixel photon counter, and the FPGA receives an error analysis and optimization result of the signal processing module. And the adjusting signal is sent to the BOOST circuit module. The system is high in integration level and stable in temperature control, comprises an error detection and optimization unit, can output the photon number in real time, is simple to operate, can communicate with a PC upper computer through a USB interface, is flexible to use, and can realize low-error photon number distinguishable detection.

The invention discloses a microscopic automatic focusing method based on single photon counting, and relates to the field of automatic focusing, and the method comprises the steps: employing a photon counter to obtain multi-channel signals, carrying out the single-pixel imaging according to the multi-channel signals, and determining a gray-scale map of a sample; the definition evaluation operator and the grey-scale map are adopted for convolution, the definition evaluation value of the position is obtained, the definition evaluation value of the current position is compared with the definition evaluation value of the previous position, the initial focus position is determined, and the nanometer piezoelectric translation table is moved to the initial focus position; taking the initial focus position as a central point of a next search interval, determining a target area, adjusting the target area by adopting an improved hill-climbing search algorithm, and determining a final focus position; and moving the nanometer piezoelectric translation stage from the initial focus position to the final focus position to realize automatic focusing.

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum sensing and optical instruments, and discloses an integrated scanning confocal microscope for diamond NV color center quantum sensing, which comprises a control module, an integrated circuit module, an integrated laser module and an integrated light path module, the control module is used for exciting a diamond NV color center, the integrated light path module realizes two-dimensional scanning of a laser beam on a sample focal plane through a galvanometer, an objective lens is used for collecting NV color center fluorescence, meanwhile, a single-photon counter and a camera are arranged, confocal detection and wide-field microscopic imaging are realized, and the integrated circuit module receives an instruction of the control module. The microscope can realize confocal scanning fluorescence imaging, optical detection magnetic resonance spectrum measurement and NV color center spin coherent control experiments, such as Rabian oscillation, Rahm, Haln echo and spin relaxation experiments, and provides comprehensive experimental ability for diamond NV color center quantum sensing.

The invention relates to a converter station valve hall water leakage monitoring method and system based on photon counters, and the method comprises the following steps: setting a line laser and a plurality of photon counters in a to-be-detected water leakage region, and illuminating the to-be-detected water leakage region of a converter station valve hall through the line laser; the photon number collected by the photon counter is sliced according to the form of time sequence data, and photon number time sequence data slices are obtained; the photon number time sequence data slices collected by each photon counter are analyzed respectively, and a water leakage monitoring judgment result of a single photon counter is obtained; and obtaining a water leakage monitoring judgment result of the to-be-detected water leakage area based on the water leakage monitoring judgment result of the single photon counter. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of expanding the monitoring data dimension, improving the monitoring and judging speed and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and discloses a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system based on photon counting and a measurement method, which can remarkably improve the sensing distance, the spatial resolution and the spatial positioning precision. According to the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: aiming at different segments of a sensing optical fiber, controlling the attenuation amount of a variable optical attenuator, and carrying out detection and time-dependent single photon counting on backscattered light from different segments on the sensing optical fiber by utilizing a single photon avalanche diode and a time-dependent single photon counter, and temperature distribution information of the sensing optical fiber is demodulated based on a time correlation single photon counting result.

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and provides a single-photon counter circuit for weak light detection based on a photomultiplier, and the single-photon counter comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit, a differential amplification circuit, a threshold comparison circuit and a signal shaping circuit. The photoelectric conversion circuit is composed of a photomultiplier, a high-voltage power supply circuit and a voltage division circuit, detects weak light signals and outputs two paths of current signals through photoelectric conversion. The differential amplification circuit carries out differential amplification on the two current signals through a differential amplifier. The threshold comparison circuit compares two input signals, filters out signals with the amplitude lower than 1 / 2 of a set threshold, and outputs a single-path effective signal. And the signal shaping circuit shapes the effective signal and finally outputs the effective signal in a TTL pulse mode. According to the single photon counter circuit for weak light detection, the background dark counting rate is low, the sensitivity is high, and the counting unit module specially used for digital pulse statistics is connected behind the single photon counter circuit for counting single photons.

The invention provides a near-infrared spectrum measurement system and a near-infrared spectrum measurement method adopting a differential time resolution technology, which can be applied to the technical field of near-infrared spectrum. The near infrared spectrum measurement system includes: a main controller generating a reference start signal and generating a condition trigger signal in response to a measurement completion signal; the multi-channel laser control and driver outputs optical signals with different wavelengths and synchronous signals synchronous with the optical signals; the detection subsystem comprises a detector which outputs an electric pulse signal when detecting photons emitted after an optical signal passes through a to-be-detected area of the to-be-detected tissue; the differential delay photon counter comprises a first counting channel for obtaining a first delay count; the second counting channel obtains a second delay count and outputs a measurement completion signal; and the main controller is used for determining the flight duration of the photons according to the first delay count and the second delay count for each detection subsystem so as to determine the optical characteristic parameters of the to-be-detected area of the to-be-detected tissue.

Array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device and pixel matching method belong to the field of optical precision measurement. The array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device comprises a signal generator, a laser, an emitting optical system, a receiving optical system, a dichroic mirror, a two-dimensional camera, an array single photon detector, an array single photon counter and a data acquisition and processing fusion module. The method of the present application is as follows: the array single photon detection waveband pulsed laser and the two-dimensional camera sensing waveband ambient light returned by the target object are separated by using a common receiving optical path and a dichroic mirror to determine the pixel size and the number of the array single photon detector and the two-dimensional camera; the transmission light offset d is calculated according to the thickness of the dichroic mirror; the transmission light offset d is used as a correction factor to realize the pixel matching of the array single photon detection three-dimensional imaging and the two-dimensional camera image; the array single photon detection three-dimensional image and the two-dimensional camera image are superimposed, and the high resolution of the two-dimensional image is used to enrich the three-dimensional point cloud imaging information.

The utility model relates to the technical field of cigarette packaging, and particularly discloses a cigarette box carton lacking detection device for cigarette packaging, which comprises a detection conveying mechanism, a detection device main body and a cigarette box centering mechanism, the detection device body comprises a photon tube fixedly installed at one end of the top face of the detection conveying mechanism and a photon detector fixedly installed in the detection conveying mechanism and close to the position under the bottom of the photon tube, and the outer portion of the photon detector is electrically connected with a photon counter. The photon detector is fixedly installed between the two inner walls of the conveying rack through an installation structure, one end of the detection conveying mechanism is provided with a smoke box centering mechanism, and the smoke box centering mechanism comprises guide frames symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the detection conveying mechanism. The smoke box centering mechanism can be used for centering the smoke box on the detection conveying belt, the smoke box is prevented from exceeding the range of the detector array, and the accuracy of detection data is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ photoelectric characterization systems, and provides an in-situ photoelectric characterization system.The in-situ photoelectric characterization system comprises a sample table, a light path structure, a light source assembly, a light source analysis assembly and a source meter device, light is projected to the light path structure through the light source assembly, so that the source meter device can record and form an electrical characteristic curve; meanwhile, at least one of a near-infrared spectrometer, a visible spectrometer, a single-photon counter, a monochromator coupled with a near-infrared photomultiplier and a monochromator coupled with a visible photomultiplier in the light source analysis assembly can analyze and detect the product, so that the detection operation can be effectively optimized, and the detection efficiency is improved.

The present invention provides a photon counter sensitivity and stability test system and test method, which include a shielded dark box, a self-calibration standard light source, a test bench, a photon counter, an electronic system and a computer system. The self-calibration standard light source and the photon counter are placed in a test bench inside the shielded dark box. The test bench is provided with multiple test stations, and multiple groups of photon counters can be tested simultaneously each time. The computer system receives the photon counting measurement value and automatically analyzes the value of the specified time period, and automatically uploads the analysis result to the cloud server. If the result index exceeds the given technical index, an automatic alarm is issued. The electronic system is used to count the photons of the standard photon counter equipped with the self-calibration standard light source, and drive the light source to perform self-calibration according to the deviation between the count value and the standard count value, thereby eliminating the standard output light wave deviation caused by the position change of the light source due to power fluctuation or external factors, and improving the accuracy of the sensitivity test of the photon counter.

A sensor for time of flight calculation, including a laser configured to emit a plurality of pulses of light at a target, one or more SPADs configured to detect a TDC trigger event, where the first TDC trigger event includes one or more photons detected as an initial pulse of light of the plurality of pulses of light is reflected to the one or more SPADs, a counter configured to count the one or more photons of the first TDC trigger event and generate a first histogram of the one or more photons at a first resolution, a global window processor configured to read the first histogram and detect a peak of the first histogram, and a global histogram processor configured to detect a peak of the second histogram, wherein the peak of the second histogram determines a distance between the sensor and the target.

The present invention discloses a fluorescence signal encoding super-resolution microscopic imaging method, which is applied in the field of optical microscope imaging technology. The present invention performs secondary excitation on a sample within a nanosecond time scale by using a Gaussian pulse laser and a ring pulse laser, and after encoding the fluorescence signal, uses a time-correlated single-photon counter module to collect the spatiotemporal information of the fluorescent molecules, and then uses a photon extraction method based on frequency domain phasor analysis to decode the fluorescence signal, thereby realizing super-resolution imaging in a traditional confocal microscope system.

The present application relates to a kind of X-ray detector photon arrival time mark precision measurement system and method.The present application system includes: signal generator, pulse X-ray generator, X-ray detector to be measured, time mark photon counter and processing module deployed on host computer constitute;Wherein, the signal generator is used to generate pulse signal, and respectively give pulse X-ray generator and time mark photon counter;The pulse X-ray generator is used to generate X-ray photon according to pulse signal;The X-ray detector to be measured is used to accept X-ray photon, and X-ray photon is converted into electric pulse, and is output to time mark photon counter;The time mark photon counter is used to time mark when receiving electric pulse electric pulse, and obtain the time interval between receiving pulse signal and electric pulse;The processing module is used to process time interval and obtain the time mark precision of X-ray detector to be measured.

The present application discloses a method and apparatus, storage medium, and computer equipment for obtaining energy thresholds of a photon counter. The method comprises: obtaining the number of energy bins expected to be used in the photon counter, and determining multiple energy threshold combinations based on the number of energy bins and preset threshold constraints, wherein the number of energy thresholds in each energy threshold combination is the same as the number of energy bins; determining the material decomposition accuracy corresponding to each energy threshold combination using a material decomposition accuracy description model; and screening a target energy threshold combination from the multiple energy threshold combinations based on the material decomposition accuracy. The present application helps to improve the accuracy and efficiency of setting energy thresholds, thereby helping to improve the accuracy of multi-substance decomposition and the accuracy of multi-substance decomposition results.

The device comprises a light source module, a silencing cavity, a photon counter, a calculation module and a photodiode, the silencing cavity comprises a luminosity ball and absorption cavities located at the two ends of the luminosity ball, and the absorption cavities at the two ends are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the luminosity ball respectively. A gas inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the tops of the two ends of the absorption cavity, and a light inlet optical glass fixing frame and a light outlet optical glass fixing frame are arranged at two ports of the absorption cavity. The light-in optical glass is fixed at the axis center of one end of the absorption cavity close to the gas inlet, the light-out optical glass is fixed at the axis center of one end of the absorption cavity close to the gas outlet, and the top end of the photometric ball is provided with a scattered signal collection port. According to the utility model, the integrating sphere scattering measurement technology and the cavity ring-down spectroscopy technology are combined, the absorption coefficient of the aerosol is measured by using the cavity ring-down spectroscopy technology, the scattering coefficient is measured by using an integrating sphere enhanced scattering signal, and the synchronous measurement of the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient of the aerosol is realized.

The invention provides a large-range gas measuring device and method based on single-photon optical scanning. The large-range gas measuring device comprises a three-dimensional scanning holder, wherein a single-photon laser emitting unit and a single-photon detecting and counting unit are borne on the three-dimensional scanning holder; the three-dimensional scanning holder is used for adjusting the orientation of the single-photon laser emission unit and the single-photon detection counting unit pointing to the gas to be detected; the single-photon laser emission unit comprises a tunable wavelength laser module, a laser power amplifier module and an optical beam expanding collimation module; the single-photon detection and counting unit comprises a reflected light receiving telescope module, a narrow-band filter module, a single-photon detector and a single-photon counter; the central control processing unit comprises a control subunit, a data acquisition subunit and a data processing subunit and is used for controlling and receiving gas single photon detection data in a preset direction. The device has the advantages of low detection limit, strong anti-interference capability, high spatial resolution and the like, and is suitable for leakage detection of extremely low-concentration gas and large-range environment monitoring.

The invention provides a photoelectric detector integrating a linear mode and a Geiger mode and a working method of the photoelectric detector. The photoelectric detector comprises a Geiger mode detector chip located on the upper layer and a linear mode detector chip located on the lower layer. The Geiger mode detector chip and the linear mode detector chip are bonded and integrated through flip-chip bonding in an N electrode area; the Geiger mode detector chip adopts a multi-photon counter (MPPC), and the linear mode detector chip adopts a large photosensitive surface avalanche photodiode (LAAPD). Through the detection process, different working modes are adaptively selected, and the respective advantages of the different working modes are utilized, so that the optimization of resource consumption and system efficiency is achieved as far as possible while a time blind area and a space blind area are eliminated.

The application discloses a kind of three-dimensional positioning laser radar and its three-dimensional detection method, comprising: pulsed laser emits laser beam to target object, polarized beam splitter is respectively emitted to first lens and avalanche photodiode on laser beam, laser beam is shot to second lens after passing through first lens, is emitted to target object after passing through second lens, and avalanche photodiode is converted into electrical signal by received pulsed light signal, and electrical signal is transmitted to time correlation single photon counter;The light field signal of target object is collected by lens and sent to first beam splitter, and first, second beams are generated after being split by first beam splitter, and first second beams are split and handled by corresponding beam splitter, to obtain four-way beams;Four-way beams are transmitted by corresponding optical path respectively, and electrical signal is transmitted to four receiving ports of time correlation single photon counter;According to the four-way signal received, the three-dimensional space position prediction of target object is realized.

The application discloses a laser radar, which comprises a narrow-line-width multi-longitudinal-mode pulse laser, a photoelectric detector, a perforated mirror beam receiving system, a high-resolution narrow-line-width light splitting device and a plurality of single-photon detectors. The output beam of the narrow-line-width multi-longitudinal-mode pulse laser is emitted through the perforated mirror, and the photoelectric detector serves as a local signal. The echo signal photons reflected by a target are received through the receiving system, and are subjected to angle selection and spectral matching filtering through the light splitting device, and finally subjected to logical AND gate operation through the plurality of single-photon detectors, so that the final signal is simultaneously input into a time-correlation single-photon counter. The working performance of the photon counting laser radar in a strong noise environment is effectively improved, the false alarm probability of the laser radar is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the detection probability, the grating combined with the plurality of detectors can greatly reduce the background noise, the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal is greatly improved, and the detection capability of the laser radar is improved.

The present application relates to radioactive gas detection and sandstone type uranium exploration technical field, especially a soil radon emission rate measuring device and its sandstone type uranium ore prospecting method, including gas collecting mechanism, including PVC gas collecting cylinder, the top of PVC gas collecting cylinder is provided with sealing cover, the top of sealing cover is provided with atmospheric temperature and humidity pressure sensor and internet of things antenna respectively, the bottom of PVC gas collecting cylinder is installed with soil temperature and humidity sensor;Detection mechanism, it is cylindrical sealing mechanism, including chip storage module, photon counter.The present application realizes the underground in-situ stable measurement of soil radon emission rate by vertically burying PVC gas collecting cylinder in a certain depth under the ground, makes radon diffuse and accumulate naturally in the relatively closed and stable space from bottom to top, avoids the sealing problem and wind field interference under the open environment condition of the ground.In addition, cooperating with internet of things remote transmission technology, long-term continuous automatic observation and unattended can be realized, which significantly improves the field exploration efficiency.

The invention provides a large dynamic range sensing system based on single photon detection. The large dynamic range sensing system is characterized by comprising a pulse laser (1), a first coupler (21), a circulator (3), a detected optical fiber (4), an attenuator (5), an optical switch (6), a second coupler (22), a single photon detector (SPAD) (7), a quenching circuit (8), a time-dependent single photon counter (TCSPC) (9) and a system control and data processing module (10). The method has the capability of detecting photon-magnitude echo signals, greatly improves the dynamic range and spatial resolution of the system, and can be widely applied to the field of optical fiber sensing.

The application provides a photon counting scanning three-dimensional penetration imaging method based on asynchronous polarization modulation. In view of the scattering effect and attenuation of a strong scattering medium on a light signal, a point-to-point scanning imaging mechanism is adopted to avoid image blurring caused by the scattering effect, and a single-pixel photon counter is used to capture weak ballistic photon signals. The time of flight of the ballistic photon signal is calculated by a polarization modulation ranging method, and the depth blurring problem introduced by the asynchronous polarization modulation is corrected by a time reshaping method, and finally the relative depth image of the target object is reconstructed. The method can realize three-dimensional imaging of the target object through the strong scattering medium, the imaging effect is clear, and the method has robustness to different strong scattering media, and provides convenience for three-dimensional photon counting imaging in a scattering environment.

The application discloses a method for measuring surface contamination of long-distance alpha radioactive material, which comprises the steps of measuring long-distance alpha radioactive point source and measuring long-distance alpha surface contamination count rate. The measurement of long-distance alpha radioactive point source comprises intrinsic detection efficiency of alpha particles, collection efficiency calculation and detection efficiency calculation; the measurement of long-distance alpha surface contamination count rate comprises establishing a contamination count rate model, calculating the mean value of point source detection efficiency in each place in a detection area, calculating the expression of the radius R of the detection area D and performing a least square fitting process on the change relation of the radioactive surface source detection efficiency with the opening angle of a shielding body. The application detects fluorescent photons by using a single photon counter, and converts the measured count rate value into the count rate of surface contamination required in the operation intervention level by using the established model.

The present invention provides a method, device and computer equipment for correcting a chemiluminescent reaction curve, and relates to the field of instrument detection technology. The method comprises: obtaining a photon counter characteristic curve, wherein the photon counter characteristic curve reflects the relationship between a standard light intensity value and a light intensity measurement value, wherein the light intensity measurement value refers to a light intensity value measured by a photon counter, and the standard light intensity value refers to a light intensity value obtained by controlling current conversion after calibration of a standard light source; obtaining a chemiluminescent reaction curve, wherein the chemiluminescent reaction curve reflects the relationship between the reaction time and the light intensity measurement value; and correcting the chemiluminescent reaction curve in sections according to the photon counter characteristic curve to obtain a corrected reaction curve. The present invention indirectly improves the linear measurement range of the photon counter by using the photon counter characteristic curve to correct the chemiluminescent reaction curve in sections without changing the hardware device.

The present invention relates to the field of detector imaging technology, and in particular to a high-performance ultraviolet imaging detector based on single photons and an imaging method thereof, wherein the imaging method comprises S1: after the incident spectrum is collimated, it is uniformly incident and covered with a digital micromirror device; S2: according to the equivalent mapping relationship between the digital micromirror device and the area array single photon counter, the micromirror array of the digital micromirror device is flipped, so that the incident spectrum is reflected into the same equivalent pixel of the area array single photon counter to obtain a spectral signal. The present invention not only retains the high sensitivity detection capability of the position-sensitive anode area array single photon counter for the ultraviolet band, but also makes up for the problem of poor spatial resolution of the position-sensitive anode area array single photon counter due to the large equivalent pixel, thereby effectively improving the detection resolution capability.

The present invention provides a photodetector integrating linear mode and Geiger mode and a working method thereof, which includes a Geiger mode detector chip located in the upper layer and a linear mode detector chip located in the lower layer. The Geiger mode detector chip and the linear mode detector chip are bonded and integrated through flip-chip bonding in the N electrode region; the Geiger mode detector chip uses a multi-element photon counter MPPC, and the linear mode detector chip uses a large photosensitive area avalanche photodiode LAAPD. Through the detection process itself, different working modes are adaptively selected, and the respective advantages of different working modes are utilized to eliminate the "time blind area" and "space blind area" while optimizing resource consumption and system efficiency as much as possible.