136results about How to "Improve spatial resolution" patented technology

Methods and apparatus for super-resolution in focused plenoptic cameras. By examining the geometry of data capture for super-resolution with the focused plenoptic camera, configurations for which super-resolution is realizable at different modes in the focused plenoptic camera are generated. A focused plenoptic camera is described in which infinity is super resolved directly, with registration provided by the camera geometry and the microlens pitch. In an algorithm that may be used to render super-resolved images from flats captured with a focused plenoptic camera, a high-resolution observed image is generated from a flat by interleaving pixels from adjacent microlens images. A deconvolution method may then be applied to the high-resolution observed image to deblur the image.

A method increases the spatial resolution of a source image based on an auxiliary, co-registered image of a higher spatial resolution. Each of the source and auxiliary images includes a plurality of pixels with corresponding spectral intensities and the method includes reducing, identifying, deriving, subdividing and modifying steps. Multiple auxiliary images can be used with the method.

In the reducing step, a spatial resolution of the auxiliary image is reduced to a common resolution with the source image. Then in the identifying step, corresponding groups of pixels at the common resolution in the source and auxiliary images are identified. Then in the deriving step, a mapping function is derived which relates the rate of change of intensity of each group in the auxiliary image and the corresponding rate of change of intensity in the corresponding group in the source image to the intensity vector. This map can be conditioned on any number of auxiliary image planes.

In the subdividing step, each source pixel is subdivided. Then in the modifying step, the spectral intensity of each subdivided source pixel is modifying based on the map and the local intensity variations of the auxiliary image. This results in increasing the resolution of the source image.

A system for guided geospatial image capture, registration and 2D or 3D mosaicking, that employs automated imagery processing and cutting-edge airborne image mapping technologies for generation of geo-referenced Orthomosaics and Digital Elevation Models from aerial images obtained by UAVs and/or manned aircraft.

The invention relates to a detector module (1) for a Positron Emission Tomograph (PET) and for Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) comprising a matrix (3) of scintillator crystals, said matrix having a first side and a second side opposite to said first side, each scintillator crystal having a first end (14) and a second end (15), said scintillator crystals (2) being oriented parallel to each other, whereby said first end (14) and said second end (15) of each of said scintillator crystals (2) coincide with said first side and said second side of said matrix (3), respectively; a first light sensitive detector (6) producing electrical signal proportional to the amount of light detected, being optically connected to said first side of said matrix (3), said first light sensitive detector (6) being position sensitive; and a second light sensitive detector (7) producing electrical signal proportional to the amount of light detected, said second light sensitive detector (7) being optically connected to said second side of said matrix (3), wherein said second light sensitive detector (7) is positioned sensitive. Using said detector module (1) a method to determine the 3D-coordinates of a point of interaction of a gamma quantum (γ1, γ2) with said detector module (1) is disclosed method. This allows to use signals from compton seattered γ's to enhance the sensitivity of a Positron Emission Tomograph scanner provided being composed of said detection modules (1) without parallax errors.

The present invention generally provides improved devices, systems, and methods for measuring materials with NMR and/or MRI. Exemplary embodiments provide a sensor array for NMR mapping of the material. For example tissue can be measured with the sensor array mounted on a probe body having a distal portion which can be inserted through a minimally invasive aperture. While many tissues can be measured and/or diagnosed, one exemplary embodiment includes a probe adapted for insertion into a lumen of a blood vessel. The sensor array can provide improved spatial resolution of tissue and/or tissue structures positioned near the sensor array to diagnose potentially life threatening diseases, for example a fibrous cap covering a vulnerable plaque. In specific embodiments, the sensors are attached to an expandable member, for example a balloon, which can be inflated to urge the probe sensors radially outward to position the sensors near the tissue structures.

A method for performing super-resolution comprises steps of generating the high-resolution, low-frequency spatial and temporal bands of the input video sequence by interpolation, synthesizing the high-resolution, high-frequency spatial band by cross-frame spatial high-frequency extrapolation, and fusing these two bands to generate the spatio-temporally super-resolved video sequence A corresponding system for performing super-resolution comprises a stage where the high-resolution, low-frequency spatial and temporal bands of the input video sequence is generated by interpolation, a stage where the high-resolution, high-frequency spatial band is synthesized by cross-frame spatial high-frequency extrapolation, and a stage where these two bands are fused to generate the spatio-temporally super-resolved video sequence.

A variable acuity imager incorporates an array of detection elements for light energy, in the visible, infrared, ultraviolet, or light energy in another region of the electromagnetic spectrum with a means to change the spatial configuration of the array to include “superpixels” by combining energy detected by adjacent elements, thus permitting any number of high-resolution “foveal” regions to be placed within the confines of the focal plane array and moved around at the frame rate of the imaging device. Detectors to measure the pitch, yaw and roll angle rates of background imagery using velocity-sensing circuitry are employed for variation of the foveal regions to accommodate motion of the array.

The invention discloses a single-frame light intensity transmission quantitative phase microscope system and method. The light splitting is realized by utilizing a Michelson structure, digital defocus can be carried out by adopting a space light modulator, the mechanical movement caused by adopting a defocus strength image in a traditional method can be avoided, the acquired series of light intensity is distributed, and the quantitative acquisition of the phase information can be realized by solving the light intensity transmission equation. By adopting the system and the method, the mechanical movement caused by acquiring the defocus strength image in the traditional method can be avoided, the acquisition speed and accuracy of the system can be greatly improved, the application range of the light intensity transmission equation method can be effectively enlarged from a static slowly-varied object to a high-speed dynamic object, and the high-speed and high-resolution three-dimensional quantitative phase microscope imaging can be realized.

The invention discloses a laser scanning method and device for helicopter collision avoidance. The device comprises a collision avoidance laser scanner device, a helicopter body pitch angle measuring device and a helicopter body; and the device can be used for scanning and imaging a ground obstacle in real time and timely providing the shape and distance information of the obstacle for a pilot. The state of a laser scanning point cloud is decided by two-dimensional motion, wherein the two-dimensional motion comprises sinusoidal swing in a pitch direction and conical laser scanning formed by rotating motion of a scanning mirror; and the laser point scanning track of circular rotating propulsion is generated by synthesizing two motions and a rectangular scanning strip is formed, so that the obstacle at lower front part of the helicopter can be detected at high resolution. When a pitch angle of the helicopter changes, a pitch angle value is obtained by the helicopter body pitch angle measuring device and is provided for a collision avoidance laser scanner controller, so that a swing angle in the pitch direction is controlled in real time, the change of the pitch angle is compensated, the laser scanning pitch field angle is kept unchanged relative to the local horizontal plane and the phenomenon of leaked scanning of the ground obstacle at the lower front part of the helicopter due to the influence from the pitch angle change is prevented.

A system and method records and identifies certain attributes of printed products for verifying their authentication and for tracking individual printed products or copies of printed products. In embodiment of the invention, a static code with redundant information and with high spatial resolution is applied on the printed product and the optoelectronic detection of the printed image on the printed product is carried out by means of a line-scan or area-scan camera or a laser scanner within a printing machine or an additional processing machine. The data are decoded after their acquisition by means of the optoelectronic detection device and the decoded data are used for characterizing an individual printed image and/or the printing process.

The invention discloses an underwater three dimensional terrain reconstruction method based on multi-beam sonar data, comprising the following steps of: firstly, collecting echo wave strength data and also measuring sounding data; secondly, carrying out linear interpolation on the sounding data and obtaining the sounding data having the same space resolution with the echo wave strength data; thirdly, calculating an angle and a range between a beam of each sounding data point and a horizontal line; fourthly, calculating the beam incident angle of each sounding data point by a point-by-point way; fifthly, fitting model parameters of a reflection model based on the echo wave strength data and correcting the angle between the beam and the horizontal line; seventhly, setting an iteration number N and enabling an average relative error absolute valve of estimated echo wave strength data and the collected echo wave strength data to be minimum; and eighthly, calculating sounding data and reconstructing an underwater three dimensional terrain. The method can enhance the space resolution of the sounding data and has an important significance on the aspects of underwater substance exploration, three dimensional visualization, underwater target detection and the like. The reconstructed underwater three dimensional terrain is also nearer to the real terrain.

The invention discloses a fast sparse recovery-based super-resolution direction-of-arrival estimation method, which mainly solves the problems of insufficient spatial resolution under a coherent source condition, poor estimation performance under a low signal-to-noise ratio condition and difficulty in meeting the hardware real-time property requirement due to low operation speed existing in the prior art. The implementation process of the method comprises the following steps: denoising received data by using array element denoising to acquire a data observation vector with a large signal-to-noise ratio; gridding an angle space to be measured to obtain angle units; constructing an observation matrix according to the angle units and array element coordinates; performing zero space adjustment and orthogonal projection according to the observation matrix and the data observation vector to obtain a direction-of-arrival estimated value of a target. The method realizes that super-resolution multi-target direction-of-arrival estimation is achieved under the conditions of low signal-to-noise ratio and coherent source, is high in spatial resolution and quick in operation speed, and is suitable for hardware implementation.

The invention relates to a characterization method and a test device for a near-field terahertz THz time domain spectrum. The characterization method comprises the following steps: a near infrared femtosecond pulse laser beam which is radiated by a femtosecond laser source is split into a pump light path and a detection light path by an optical beam splitter; pump light is modulated by an opticalchopper, and excites a solid terahertz emitting source or a test sample in a nanoscale quasi one-dimensional structure so as to generate terahertz wave signals required by spectral analysis; detection light passes through an optical delay line and a necessary transmission light path, is superposed with the pump light path on a terahertz detection crystal, and samples terahertz signals; the terahertz signals sampled by the detection light pass through a quarter wave plate and a Wollaston prism and is split into P light and S light, the P light and the S light are put into the input end of a difference photodiode, the small signal output end of the difference photodiode outputs differential signals, and the differential signals are processed (amplified and subjected to analog-to-digital conversion) by a lock phase signal amplifier, wherein synchronous frequency signals of the lock phase amplifier come from the optical chopper; and the processed signal data are transmitted to a computer for further processing and operational analysis.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional digital imaging method based on a structured light gray level vector. The three-dimensional digital imaging method comprises the steps of coding structured light to generate a coded pattern sequence of the structured light gray level vector, orderly projecting the coded pattern sequence to the surface of an object, collecting the coded pattern sequence modulated by the surface of the object by use of a binocular camera and then storing the modulated coded pattern sequence in a computer, performing gray level vector decoding based on multiplication and addition on the modulated coded pattern sequence and finding out all corresponding point pairs of the binocular camera based on the epipolar geometric constraint of the binocular camera, and performing calculation according to the calibration parameters of a three-dimensional digital imaging system and the found corresponding point pairs to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data. The three-dimensional digital imaging method based on the structured light gray level vector has the advantages of high resolution ratio, low calculated quantity and high measurement speed, and can be widely applied to the technical field of three-dimensional imaging.

The present invention relates to an FMCW frequency sweep non-leaner calibration system based on closed loop control. The system comprises a frequency sweep laser source, a coupler, a delay optical fiber, an acousto-optic frequency shifter, a photoelectric detector, a frequency spectrum analyzer, a digital phase frequency detector and a summator. Meanwhile, the present invention provides a calibration method of the above system. The method comprises the steps of using the frequency sweep laser source to emit the optical signals of continuous phases, wherein one optical signal is delayed by the optical fiber, and the other one optical signal is carried out the optical frequency shift by the acousto-optic frequency shifter; after the two optical signals are combined, using the balance photoelectric detector to detect a beat frequency optical signal; using the digital phase frequency detector to compare the phases of the beat frequency optical signal and a radio frequency reference signal, and feeding back an outputted error signal to a laser after signal conditioning, thereby finishing the enclosed loop control of a whole loop. According to the present invention, the non-linear output optical frequency of the frequency sweep laser source is calibrated accurately, the output optical frequency linearity is improved obviously, and the spatial resolution of a FMCW ranging system is improved substantially.

The invention provides a crop maturation stage remote sensing prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing data. The method comprises the steps that high temporal-spatial resolution remote sensing data are generated through the multi-source remote sensing data in a blended mode so that requirements for cropland dimension carrying-out dynamic monitoring of crop maturation stage prediction can be met; then, according to the dynamic change law of moisture content and chlorophyll content of different parts of maturation stage plants of crops, digital expression of the change law is formed. On the basis of the coupling method of the change law of biochemical parameters of the crops and biochemical parameters of the crops of remote sensing inversion, the moisture content and the chlorophyll content, obtained in a remote sensing mode, of crop canopies are combined to the change law of the biochemical parameters of maturation near stages of the crops, and the crop maturation stage remote sensing prediction method is formed. By means of remote sensing prediction of maturation stages of the crops, the application range of remote sensing in the accurate agricultural field is further extended, and the newly added technique of remote sensing application in the agricultural field is excavated.

A scintillation detector may include a pixelated scintillation crystal mechanically and optically coupled to a position sensitive photodetector, such as a position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). The pixelated scintillation crystal may be coupled to the position sensitive photodetector without using a window between the crystal and photodetector. According to one method of constructing the scintillation detector, a solid scintillation crystal may be coupled to the position sensitive photodetector and cut while coupled to the photodetector to form the pixelated scintillation crystal.

The invention provides a device for spray-field particle-size horizontal distribution measurement by dual-spectrum imaging. The device excites a surface (called as an excitation surface) in a spray field by a laser sheet, and a liquid drop on the excitation surface contains a substance which can produce fluorescence by laser excitation. Mie diffusion light and fluorescent diffusion light produced by the laser sheet-excited liquid micro-drop group on the excitation surface are imaged respectively, and through comprehensive utilization of information of the two images, sault mean diameter (SMD) distribution data of the excitation surface is calculated. Compared with the PDA technology, the device has higher measurement efficiency and higher spatial resolution and can develop a PDA single-point measurement function into a two-dimensional plane measurement function. Compared with two cameras taking two different spectrum images, the device can utilize one camera, can take images of two different spectrums (such as an Mie diffusion light spectrum and a fluorescent diffusion light spectrum), has a simpler structure and a lower cost, and can carry out simple and reliable sequential control.

The invention relates to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, and particularly relates to a BOCDA (Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis) distributed optical fiber sensing device and amethod based on physical random code modulation, so as to solve the problems of a limited sensing distance and spatial resolution deterioration existing in the existing BOCDA distributed optical fibersensing system. The device comprises a distributed feedback semiconductor laser, an electro-optic phase modulator, a physical random code generator, a first optical isolator, a 1*2 optical fiber coupler, a high-speed electro-optic modulator, a microwave signal source, a variable optical delay line, a first optical amplifier, an optical polarization scrambler, a second optical isolator, a sensingoptical fiber, a second optical amplifier, an optical circulator, a tunable optical filter and a optical power detector. In comparison with a time domain system, the spatial resolution is higher, thesensing distance is longer, the problem of spatial resolution deterioration caused by existence of a weak period of chaotic laser signals is avoided, adjustment on the high spatial resolution acquisition is extremely convenient, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensing system is effectively improved.

A magnetic field measuring apparatus includes a cell array which includes plural cells different in size of detection surface through which a magnetic flux passes when the cells are arranged in a magnetic field of a measurement object, a medium which is enclosed inside each of the plural cells and rotates a light polarization plane according to an intensity of the magnetic field, an irradiator to irradiate a light to the detection surface of each of the cells, and a detector to detect a rotation angle of a polarization plane of the light passing through each of the cells.

The invention relates to a BOTDA system implement method based on a comb frequency spectrum continuous probe beam, which is characterized in that in the system, stimulated Brillouin scattering is generated by the comb frequency spectrum continuous probe beam as well as single frequency pumping pulse light with a wide narrow line; the comb frequency spectrum continuous probe beam is amplified by a stimulated Brillouin gain spectral line; an interval of an adopted comb frequency spectrum is larger than that of a required comb frequency spectrum with large frequency measurement precision; powers at the respective frequency positions are obtained through measurement via the powers of different frequencies in the comb frequency spectrum subjected to the stimulated Brillouin scattering; and finally, a complete Brillouin scattering spectrum is obtained in combination with a spectral line fitting algorithm to obtain temperature and strain at the space position. The BOTDA system has the beneficial effects that the dynamic property of the BOTDA system is improved, the spatial resolution is improved, the frequency spectrum scanning equipment of the system is simplified, the spectral line fitting speed is improved, the detect of restriction between a comb frequency spectrum interval and a pulse width is overcome, and the speed problem of a continuous frequency sweeping system is also solved.

This invention discloses a generating and controlling device for femtosecond electronic beams, composed of a laser source, an optical cathode, an anode, a magnetic lens, a deflection board on the X-direction and a deflection board on Y-direction, in which, the laser source initiates a femtosecond-level super short pulse ultraviolet laser to drive optical cathode to generate the electronic beams with the energy dispersion degree less than 1eV and its time property replicates that of the optical pulse, the voltage on the anode is zero and negative high voltage is applied on the optical cathode, the electronic beam energy is accelerated to very high energy under the action of the electric field and the electronic wave length has very high space resolution ability, the deflection plate on the Y-direction is taken as the scan plate for testing its time property to test its pulse width of femtosecond electronic beams.

The present invention provides an apparatus for measuring a Depth-Of-Interaction (DOI), comprising a crystal layer 10 of a mono layer in which a plurality of crystals for absorbing gamma rays are consecutively arranged, scintillation light detectors disposed at one end of the crystals and configured to detect scintillation light emitted from the crystal layer 10 by the gamma rays, change means included in the crystals and configured to linearly change transmittance in a length direction of the crystals, and a control unit 30 configured to calculate the DOI in the crystal layer 10 on a basis of the first output signal and the second output signal. The scintillation light detector outputs the first output signal in one direction and the second output signal in a direction at a right angle to the one direction.

The invention provides a plane array type electromagnetic sensor with a trapezoidal structure, comprising a flexible substrate, wherein a primary coil and an exciting electrode pair are arranged on one face of the flexible substrate; a secondary coil array and an output electrode pair are arranged on the other face of the flexible substrate; a trapezoidal periodic structure is formed by the primary coil and the secondary coil array; the secondary coil array is formed by more than four secondary detection coils; and each half period of the primary coil comprises four secondary detection coils which are the same in size and are symmetrically distributed. The plane array type electromagnetic sensor with the trapezoidal structure has the advantages of simple structure, convenience for manufacturing, stronger output signals, capability of effectively realizing detection of weak signals, sensitivity on the aspects of defects, stress and the like, high detection efficiency, and capability of measuring complete physical attributes of materials to be detected and the like.

The invention discloses a measurement method and measurement system of zero-field paramagnetic resonance. According to the measurement method, a paramagnetic resonance spectrum of target electrons ismeasured by utilizing an NV color center in a diamond base material as a probe; a zero-field condition is utilized, adverse effects caused by molecule random orientation can be resisted and the Zeemaneffect generated by an external electric field can be eliminated, so that a needed energy grade structure is directly detected. For example, a space structure of a molecule can be obtained through analyzing an electron-electron fine interaction effect; a local polar environment of the molecule can be obtained through analyzing an electron-nuclear spin superfine interaction effect; a precision displacement device, an optical co-focusing device and an NV color center probe are combined, and the precision displacement device and a co-focusing microscopic device can realize accurate finding and detection of the NV color center; the NV color center is a single-electron probe and has a nano-scale resolution capability, so that a nano-scale detection capability is realized.

The present invention provides a stimulated Brillouin effect-based differential temperature sensor. The continuous light generated by a light generating unit is subjected to a first modulation amplifier unit to obtain a signal containing the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light. After that, the signal is subjected to a second modulation amplifier unit to generate a phase modulated signal. The modulated signal is subjected to a filter, so that the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light are filtered out. The Stokes light passes through a delay optical fiber to be integrated with the anti-Stokes light as one path of optical signals through a 3 dB coupler. The path of optical signals is subjected to a polarizer, so that the polarized light can be extracted. The extracted polarized light is subjected to a third modulation amplifier unit to obtain the pumped pulse light. The pumped pulse light is injected into the initial end of a sensing optical fiber. The detection light of the other path is infiltrated through the tail end of the sensing optical fiber via a scrambler instrument and an isolator. Inside the optical fiber, the detection light forms a circulator together with the pumped pulse light under the stimulated Brillouin effect, and then is converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric detector. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the temperature resolution and the sensing distance are higher on the premise that the high spatial resolution is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of physiological parameter measurement, and relates to a diffuse optical tomography system based on an electron multiplication CCD (charge-coupled device), which comprises a steady-state laser source, a translation stage, a coupling lens, a lens, the electron multiplication CCD and a computer. Steady-state laser emitted by the steady-state laser sourceirradiates a phantom or an object to be measured through incident optical fibers, the translation stage drives an optical fiber head to move so that the laser irradiates various imaging points of thephantom, afterwards, the lens receives transmission light emitted from the phantom to form an image in the electron multiplication CCD, imaging results are transmitted to the computer, and the computer reconstructs the image. The invention further provides a tomography method implemented by using the system. The imaging quality of the reconstructed image can be improved, underdetermined ill-posednature of imaging algorithm is eliminated at the utmost, and image reconstruction efficiency and precision are improved.

The invention discloses a transparent object 3D surface reconstruction method and apparatus based on background schlieren technology. The method includes the following steps: acquiring the angle value of the spatial bending angle which is formed by the light ray which is emitted by a light source and is further transmitted through a background image in the presence of a refractive index field and the light ray which is emitted by a light source and is further transmitted through a background image in the absence of a refractive index field; based on the acquired angle value of the spatial bending angle, obtaining a direction vector of the light ray which irradiates from the background image to a refraction point; based on the obtained direction vector which irradiates from the background image to the refraction point, determining the spatial coordinate of the refraction point and a normal vector in a tangent plane at the refraction point; based on the determined spatial coordinate of the refraction point and the normal vector in a tangent plane at the refraction point, reconstructing a 3D surface of the refractive index field. According to the invention, the method and the apparatus herein have the characteristics of simple configuration, high measured spatial resolution and low cost.

Method for data acquisition and processing, which uses time-domain averaging to increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in single-event measurements. In a preferred embodiment, NMR echo-trains obtained using high-speed NMR logging are provided, the echo trains are time-domain averaged, preferably in real-time, over one or more time intervals to sharpen the spatial resolution of the logging tool and/or to increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the data train.

The invention provides a laser backlight surface light source which comprises a laser source, a beam-splitter mirror, a reflecting mirror, two beam expanding mirrors, two tiny light guide bars and a light guide plate, wherein the laser source is positioned in front of the beam-splitter mirror, and the reflecting mirror is arranged behind the beam-splitter mirror; the two beam expanding mirrors are respectively arranged at one side of the beam-splitter mirror and the reflecting mirror; the tiny light guide bars are embedded at the upper and the lower sides of the light guide plate and respectively positioned at one side of the two beam expanding mirrors; after being treated by light splitting and beam expanding, a laser beam passes through the two tiny light guide bars to form a cylinder or line light source evenly giving out light towards the side; and the light given out from the side of the tiny light guide bars enters the light guide plate for homogenizing light, so that the laser backlight surface light source can be formed. The light source has reasonable structure, and is far better than a backlight adopted by the existing liquid crystal display system in the aspects of color gamut range, color brightness degree and color fidelity when being used for liquid crystal display.