The method comprises the following steps: extracting frequency information of
power grid voltage based on a characteristic
harmonic compensation method of an improved STATCOM to obtain a reference phase and frequency of h-order
harmonic; the load current is converted into a d-q coordinate
system through a Cabc-dqh change matrix module and decomposed into a load active current component and a load reactive current component, and then a
reference current instruction value is obtained through low-pass filtering; performing low-pass filtering on the active current component and the reactive current component to obtain a
system side current component as a reference value; comparing each separated
harmonic current component with a reference value, and inputting the current components to a
fuzzy PI controller to obtain
voltage compensation instructions of the characteristic harmonic
waves under a d axis and a q axis respectively; and superposing each compensation instruction and the original reactive compensation and direct-
current voltage control instruction of the STATCOM, and then inputting PWM (
Pulse Width Modulation) to enable the STATCOM to output current containing a characteristic harmonic compensation component. According to the method, multi-synchronous rotating coordinate
system detection and
fuzzy PI adaptive control are introduced, and dynamic and accurate compensation of multiple characteristic
harmonics is realized on the premise of not changing the main circuit topology of the STATCOM.