This paper constructs a
remote sensing sea ice dataset and, based on the characteristics of
sea ice images, improves the YOLOv5 model by adding the SE attention mechanism, improving the SPP
pooling pyramid structure, and replacing the SiLU
activation function with the FReLU. The model's confidence is verified using evaluation
metrics such as accuracy, recall, F1-
score, and mean average precision, ultimately resulting in an optimal
sea ice target detection model. The
test set is input into the target detection model to obtain recognition results, extracting information such as the location and size of the sea ice. Based on this extracted information, a grid map is created. The starting and ending points are determined based on the ship's own position, and a path is planned using the Theta*
algorithm. The generated path is evaluated using
metrics such as
route distance, average
offset distance, number of ship turns, and number of sea ice avoidances. This paper implements sea ice recognition at a
remote sensing scale, constructs simulated navigation scenarios, and plans the optimal
navigation path. This paper can improve the safety of ships sailing in ice areas and provide
technical support for collision avoidance and navigation decision-making assistance in ice areas.