This invention discloses an
underwater acoustic positioning sound velocity compensation method based on vertical total time
delay random walk, belonging to the field of
underwater acoustic navigation and positioning. The method includes: collecting two-way time
delay observation data in
underwater acoustic positioning; establishing an ocean sound velocity compensation formula; defining the vertical total time
delay and establishing a
conversion function between ocean sound velocity variation and vertical total time delay; calculating a coarse prior value of the vertical total time delay based on the
conversion function, and using a first-order Markov process to calculate the random walk
noise of the vertical total time delay; using the two-way time delay
observation data, the coarse prior value, and the random walk
noise, accurately estimating the vertical total time delay using an
extended Kalman filter, and then substituting it into the
conversion function to obtain the ocean sound velocity variation, thus achieving sound velocity compensation. This invention eliminates the need for additional sound
velocity measurement equipment, enables real-time online compensation of ocean sound velocity variation errors, improves underwater acoustic positioning efficiency, and enhances the
temporal resolution of ocean sound velocity variation detection.