The invention relates to a non-interference single-frame high-resolution phase
recovery method and
system based on a weak object transmission equation. The method comprises the following steps that a sample is placed on an objective table, an annular
LED lamp panel, the sample, an objective lens, a
barrel lens and a camera are sequentially placed in the direction of an
optical axis, and light beams emitted by the
LED lamp panel are received by a
target surface of the camera after being transmitted by the sample, amplified by the objective lens and focused by the
barrel lens; the illumination mode of the annular
LED lamp panel is set to be a semi-annular asymmetric illumination mode, the annular LED lamp panel is turned on, and the camera shoots a
light intensity image; calculating a phase
transfer function in a semicircular asymmetric illumination mode according to a weak object
light intensity transfer equation under the inclination angle illumination condition; and calculating a sample phase through a
deconvolution algorithm according to the
light intensity image and the phase
transfer function. According to the invention, the
data acquisition amount is small, the phase
recovery is rapidly and stably realized, the phase information is complete, the resolution is high, and the non-interference rapid high-resolution phase
recovery is effectively realized.