1614results about How to "Improve interference" patented technology

There is provided a method for configuring a power distribution within a cellular network system. The cellular network system includes at least one cooperation area. The at least one cooperation area is defined by at least two base stations, each including at least one antenna, wherein each base station has at least one beam. The method includes configuring the base stations to transmit at a first transmit power level for providing a first receiving power level for a user equipment at a center region of the cooperation area, and configuring the base stations to transmit at a second transmit power level for providing a second receiving power level at a border region of the cooperation area, wherein the second receiving power level is lower than the first receiving power level.

Techniques are provided to support fast frequency hopping with a code division multiplexed (CDM) pilot in a multi-carrier communication system (e.g., an OFDMA system). Each transmitter (e.g., each terminal) in the system transmits a wideband pilot on all subbands to allow a receiver (e.g., a base station) to estimate the entire channel response at the same time. The wideband pilot for each transmitter may be generated using direct sequence spread spectrum processing and based on a pseudo-random number (PN) code assigned to that transmitter. This allows the receiver to individually identify and recover multiple wideband pilots transmitted concurrently by multiple transmitters. For a time division multiplexed (TDM)/CDM pilot transmission scheme, each transmitter transmits the wideband pilot in bursts. For a continuous CDM pilot transmission scheme, each transmitter continuously transmits the wideband pilot, albeit at a low transmit power level. Any frequency hopping rate may be supported without impacting pilot overhead.

Techniques are provided to suppress noise and interference using an array microphone and a combination of time-domain and frequency-domain signal processing. In one design, a noise suppression system includes an array microphone, at least one voice activity detector (VAD), a reference generator, a beam-former, and a multi-channel noise suppressor. The array microphone includes multiple microphones—at least one omni-directional microphone and at least one uni-directional microphone. Each microphone provides a respective received signal. The VAD provides at least one voice detection signal used to control the operation of the reference generator, beam-former, and noise suppressor. The reference generator provides a reference signal based on a first set of received signals and having desired voice signal suppressed. The beam-former provides a beam-formed signal based on a second set of received signals and having noise and interference suppressed. The noise suppressor further suppresses noise and interference in the beam-formed signal.

A jamming retainer for fixing a ligament in a bone tunnel without excessive sideways pressure on the ligament that may result in tissue necrosis the jamming retainer including a substantially rigid body with a bore or loop for receiving a ligament or tendon and a bore or ring for receiving a suture for towing the jamming retainer and ligament or tendon through a bone tunnel. Once positioned, the jamming retainer is fixed in the bone tunnel with an interference screw.

Potential interference is reduced in an impulse radio. A signal including an impulse signal and potential interference is received by the impulse radio. The impulse signal includes a sequence of impulses. The sequence of impulses of the received signal is sampled at a sequence of data sample times to produce a sequence of data samples. The received signal is also sampled at a plurality of time offsets from each of the data sample times to produce a plurality of nulling samples corresponding to each of the data samples. A separate sequence of nulling samples for each of the time offsets is thereby produced. Each of the data samples is then separately combined with a corresponding nulling sample from each of the separate sequences of nulling samples to produce a separate sequence of adjusted samples corresponding to each of the time offsets. A separate quality metric, representative of a signal-to-interference level, is then determined for each of the separate sequences of adjusted samples. A preferred sequence of samples is selected for further signal processing based on the determined quality metrics. Alternatively or additionally, one of the plurality of time offsets is selected as the preferred time offset based on the determined quality metrics.

A method of transmitting data across an electronic data communication system comprising a plurality of terminals that can send and receive data in the form of electromagnetic waves to and from at least one of the terminals, which method comprises the steps of: (a) identifying at least one control terminal, at least one target terminal and at least two relaying terminals from the plurality of terminals; and (b) using the control terminal to instruct the at least two relaying terminals to receive and relay data intended for the at least one target terminal, so that the at least one target terminal can receive data directly from at least one terminal and from the at least two relaying terminals, thereby increasing capacity of the system.

A radio base station includes multiple antennas associated with a cell. Multiple mobile radios are selected to receive transmissions over a shared radio channel during a predetermined time interval. Information is transmitted over the shared radio channel to multiple mobile radios in the cell during the predetermined time interval using multiple antenna beams. As a result, interference from the transmission appears as white additive Gaussian noise in time and in space in the cell. A “flashlight effect” caused by a single beam transmission over the shared channel during a predetermined time interval that would normally detrimentally impact mobile channel quality detection is avoided. Other methods for avoiding the flashlight effect are described.

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle integrated defense system and a method. The unmanned aerial vehicle integrated defense system comprises a reconnaissance equipment unit, an interference equipment unit and a control unit, and is characterized in that the reconnaissance equipment unit integrates a radar reconnaissance technology, a photoelectric reconnaissance technology and a radio reconnaissance technology to carry out monitoring on a designated area so as to recognize an unmanned aerial vehicle and acquire movement and position information and instruction and image transmission information of the unmanned aerial vehicle and azimuth information of a manipulator of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and the control unit realizes interference for instruction signals, navigation signals and image transmission signals of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the interference equipment unit according to the acquired information. The unmanned aerial vehicle integrated defense system increases electronic reconnaissance on the basis of integrating the radar, photoelectric/infrared reconnaissance and electronic interference technologies so as to carry out reconnaissance analysis on wireless signals of the unmanned aerial vehicle, is applied to guidance interference, and improves the interference effectiveness and the efficiency; and meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle integrated defense system can carry out remote positioning on the manipulator of the unmanned aerial vehicle, provides capture guidance for a law-enforcing department while realizing unmanned aerial vehicle defense, and improves the crime committing cost of unmanned aerial vehicle crime committing.

The present invention relates to improved multiple access communications. In one form, the invention relates to an improved signal processing method and apparatus for an iterative method of determining the reception of a signal in a multi user packet based wireless OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) communication system. In other forms the present invention provides recursive filtering for joint iterative decoding in a variety of systems and functions such as linear multiple access channel decoders, iterative equalisation, iterative joint channel estimation and detection/decoding, iterative space-time processing, iterative multi user interference cancellation and iterative demodulation. In one particular form the present invention provides an iterative decoding circuit for a wireless multiuser communications receiver comprising a first signal processing means for receiving at least one received signal, said first signal processing means comprising at least two linear iterative filters such that the first linear iterative filter provides an estimate of a selected received signal to an estimated signal output and a second linear iterative filter provides estimates of at least one other received signal, delayed by one iteration cycle, to an input of said first linear iterative filter, a second signal processing means for receiving the estimated signal output of the first linear iterative filter and providing a further received signal estimate to the input of the first signal processing means in a succeeding iteration cycle of the decoding circuit.

The invention relates to an optimum design method for staged fracturing perforation cluster parameters of a horizontal well of a shale reservoir. The optimum design method includes the following steps of S1, selecting high-fracture-performance fracturing well sections; S2, building a mathematical model for hydrofracture fracture progressing, analyzing an induction stress field model for fracture extension, and analyzing a fracture diverting mechanism; S3, analyzing extending conditions of main fractures, and selecting cluster distances capable of allowing the main fractures to evenly extend forwards; S4, analyzing change conditions of stress fields around the main fractures, selecting the perforation cluster distances with the horizontal principal stress ratios smaller than 1.3, and determining the optimal perforation cluster distances in cooperation with the step S3; S5, further improving the complexity of the fractures through an alternate fracturing principle, and setting the perforation density of perforation clusters in the middle to range from 10 to 16 per m and the perforation density of perforation clusters in the two sides to be larger than 16 per m. By means of the optimum design method, the perforation cluster distances can be optimized, largest fracture transforming sizes can be obtained, the practical effect of reservoir transforming can be improved, and high construction cost and the poor fracturing effect which are caused by aimlessly setting the perforation cluster distances can be avoided.

A magnetoresistive device includes a laminated film, and a mechanism for applying sense current in a direction of lamination in the laminated film, wherein the laminated film includes a first ferromagnetic layer having a substantially fixed direction of magnetization, a second ferromagnetic layer having a freely variable direction of magnetization according to an external magnetic field, the second ferromagnetic layer including a non-magnetic metal layer, and two or more ferromagnetic metal layers separated from each other by the non-magnetic metal layer in the direction of lamination, and a non-magnetic intermediate layer that separates the first and second ferromagnetic layer from each other.

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting a text area in an image and an electronic device. The method comprises steps: a candidate text line area image is extracted from a target image; a depth study text/non text classifier through training is adopted to judge whether a sub area in the candidate text line area image is a text area, and a sub area which is judged to be the text area is marked; and sub areas marked as the text areas are combined, and a text area for the target image is acquired. The method provided by the invention can be applied to text area detection on different types of images, different languages and different styles of fonts, and the technical scheme has universality; the text line area diversity adaptability ability and the anti-noise interference ability are improved, and the detection result accuracy is ensured; and the classifier judgment areas are greatly reduced, and the detection speed is improved.

The subjected devices include a stent, a graft and a means for attaching the graft to the stent. One or more members are received in a permanent or temporary receptacle within the stent attach the graft to the stent. In one variation, an interference fit is employed; in another, the graft is bonded to a stent-captured member(s).

[Problem]To provide a light diffusing sheet which enables the light from a lightguide plate or light source of the backlight unit to be conducted to lens film after having been converted to diffused light having a small brightness peak angle, and which generates neither a moiré or interference fringe nor luminance unevenness, and is advantageous also from the standpoints of productivity and cost, and to provide a backlight unit having this light diffusing sheet incorporated therein. [Means for Solution]

The invention is composed of a light diffusing sheet 10 comprising a light-transmitting resin, characterized by having fine recesses formed in at least one of the surfaces 2 thereof, the fine recesses 3 having a shape which is any of the shape of an inverted polyangular pyramid, the shape of an inverted truncated polyangular pyramid, the shape of an inverted cone, and the shape of an inverted truncated cone. brightness peak angle of diffused light is reduced, which restrains both a moiré and interference fringe, according to light refraction due to inclined face of fine recess 3 or a taper face. The invention is composed of a backlight unit characterized by including the light diffusing sheet and has been disposed on upper side of lightguide plate 20, or in front of a light source, so that that surface of the sheet which has fine recesses formed therein serves as a light emission side.

A closure for a container having a foil or membrane sealed opening. The closure includes a cap, a spout and a stem. The stem includes a downwardly extending piercing structure adapted for piercing the foil or membrane of the container upon rotation of the spout relative to the cap. The cap includes a cap top, a cap skirt depending from the cap top, an open sleeve and a stem guide. The open sleeve has an inwardly extending thread adapted to detachably engage the container. The open sleeve extends upwardly from the cap top. The stem guide extends along an internal surface of the sleeve. The spout rotatably engages the sleeve and includes a spout top having an aperture, an outer spout skirt and an inner skirt. The outer skirt depends from the spout top radially outward of the sleeve and rotatably engages the sleeve. The inner spout skirt depends from the spout top radially within the sleeve. The stem includes a substantially cylindrical body positioned radially within the inner spout skirt, a plug for selectively sealing the aperture, an outwardly extending spout-engaging thread, and an outwardly extending cap-engaging member. The spout engaging member engages the inner spout skirt and is adapted for helical motion with respect to the inner spout skirt. The cap-engaging member engages the stem guide and is adapted for axial motion with respect to the sleeve. Preferably, the stem guide includes a substantially vertically extending groove and the cap-engaging member includes a tab received in the groove.

A fastener adapted to pass through aligned holes through workpieces is disclosed. The fastener includes a pin member having a transition portion wherein the diameter of the transition portion decreases radially as it extends from the smooth cylindrical shank portion to the threaded portion. The fastener may also comprise a sleeve member and a clamping means. The clamping means includes a collar, a nut, or any other possible clamping means. In exemplary embodiments, the workpieces can be formed with a plurality of materials, the materials including composite, metallic, or composite/metallic structures, any combination thereof. In particular embodiments, the fastener has interference capability of 0.0005 to 0.0100 inches in composite structures without risk of composite delamination or damage. As a result of the fastener interference, gaps between the fastener and the structure are eliminated thereby providing good electrical conductivity between components. As a result, the potential for electrical sparks is reduced, providing a safer fastener for use with aerospace applications.

Disclosed is a method of managing an X2 interface, a handover method, an interference coordination method and an apparatus for LTE and LTE-Advanced system. X2 interface management includes: finding by a first eNB, a new neighboring cell, i.e., a second cell corresponding to a second HeNB; determining by the first eNB, an access mode of the second cell; and establishing a first X2 interface between the first eNB and the second HeNB when the access mode of the second cell is an open mode or a hybrid mode. The X2 interface may be managed dynamically and the mode for establishing the X2 interface, such as direct X2 interface or gateway-proxied X2 interface, may be selected. The expansible problem and system overhead due to the X2 interface in the LTE and LTE-Advanced system may be reduced effectively to better support handover and interference coordination.