The invention discloses a TBM cutterhead rub-
impact fault diagnosis method based on vibration frequency micro fluctuation. The method comprises the following steps: collecting cutterhead spindle vibration
signal data; obtaining each frequency component of the vibration
signal according to the
frequency spectrum component of the vibration
signal; carrying out time-
frequency analysis on the component signal by adopting a generalized synchronous compression transformation time-
frequency analysis method to obtain a time-frequency distribution result of the component signal; according to a generalized synchronous compression transformation result of each component, extracting an instantaneous frequency
ridge line of time-frequency distribution, removing a
direct current component of the instantaneous frequency
ridge line, calculating a
frequency spectrum of the instantaneous frequency, and obtaining an oscillation frequency of the instantaneous frequency; judging whether
periodic oscillation exists in the instantaneous frequency according to the
frequency spectrum of each instantaneous frequency
ridge line; if yes, judging whether the oscillation frequency is equal to the
harmonic frequency of the vibration signal; and if the conditions are met, judging that the TBM cutterhead
system has a rub-
impact fault, and judging the rub-
impact condition of the cutterhead according to the oscillation frequency. According to the invention, the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnosis are improved.