8546 results about "Crosstalk" patented technology

A method and an apparatus for separating a composite signal into a plurality of signals is described. A signal processor receives a composite signal and separates a composite signal in to separate output signals. Feedback from one or more of the output signals is provided to a configuration module that configures the signal processor to improve a quality of the output signals. In one embodiment, the signal processor separates the composite signal by applying a first demodulation signal to the composite signal to generate a first output signal. In one embodiment, the signal processor also applies a second demodulation signal to the composite signal to generate a second output signal. In one embodiment, a phase and / or amplitude of the first demodulation signal and a phase and / or amplitude of the second demodulation signal are selected to reduce crosstalk. In one embodiment, the composite signal is obtained from a detector in a system for measuring one or more blood constituents.

A method and an apparatus measure blood oxygenation in a subject. A first signal source applies a first input signal during a first time interval. A second signal source applies a second input signal during a second time interval. A detector detects a first parametric signal responsive to the first input signal passing through a portion of the subject having blood therein. The detector also detects a second parametric signal responsive to the second input signal passing through the portion of the subject. The detector generates a detector output signal responsive to the first and second parametric signals. A signal processor receives the detector output signal and demodulates the detector output signal by applying a first demodulation signal to a signal responsive to the detector output signal to generate a first output signal responsive to the first parametric signal. The signal processor applies a second demodulation signal to the signal responsive to the detector output signal to generate a second output signal responsive to the second parametric signal. The first demodulation signal and the second demodulation signal both include at least a first component having a first frequency and a first amplitude and a second component having a second frequency and a second amplitude. The second frequency is a harmonic of the first frequency. The second amplitude is related to the first amplitude to minimize crosstalk from the first parametric signal to the second output signal and to minimize crosstalk from the second parametric signal to the first output signal.

High frequency interconnect structures, electronic assemblies that utilize high frequency interconnect structures, and methods of operating the same. The high frequency interconnect structures include a plurality of dielectric waveguides and are configured to communicatively connect a plurality of transmitters with a plurality of receivers and to convey a plurality of signals therebetween. The plurality of signals may include a plurality of electromagnetic waves and may have a frequency of at least 200 GHz. The high frequency interconnect structures further may be configured to decrease a potential for crosstalk between a first signal that is conveyed by a first dielectric waveguide of the plurality of dielectric waveguides and a second signal that is conveyed by a second dielectric waveguide of the plurality of dielectric waveguides, such as through control of a passband of the first dielectric waveguide relative to the second dielectric waveguide and / or the use of a crosstalk mitigation structure.

A physiological measurement system can include a low noise patient cable that connects a monitor and a noninvasive optical sensor. The cable has a plurality of emitter wires configured to communicate a drive signal between the monitor and at least one emitter. The cable also has a plurality of detector wires configured to communicate a physiological signal between at least one detector responsive to the emitter and the monitor. The emitter and detector wires are orthogonally disposed so that crosstalk between the two functionally different wires is mitigated.

A wireless communication system can comprise two or more antennas that interfere with one another via free space coupling, surface wave crosstalk, dielectric leakage, or other interference effect. The interference effect can produce an interference signal on one of the antennas. A cancellation device can suppress antenna interference by generating an estimate of the interference signal and subtracting the estimate from the interference signal. The cancellation device can generate the estimate based on sampling signals on an antenna that generates the interference or on an antenna that receives the interference. The cancellation device can comprise a model of the crosstalk effect. Transmitting test signals on the communication system can define or refine the model.

A high performance imaging system for diffuse optical tomography is disclosed. A dense grid utilizing sources, e.g., light emitting diodes (“LEDs”), that achieve high performance at high speed with a high dynamic range and low inter-channel crosstalk are complemented by a system of discrete, isolated receivers, e.g., avalanche photodiodes (“APDs”). The source channels have dedicated reconfigurable encoding control signals, and the detector channels have reconfigurable decoding, allowing maximum flexibility and optimal mixtures of frequency and time encoding and decoding. Each detector channel is analyzed by dedicated, isolated, high-bandwidth receiver circuitry so that no channel gain switching is necessary. The resulting improvements to DOT system performance, e.g., increased dynamic range and decreased crosstalk, enable higher density imaging arrays and provide significantly enhanced DOT image quality. A processor can be utilized to provide sophisticated three dimensional modeling as well as noise reduction.

An electro-optical device is provided having a pixel portion with a novel structure, and in which display irregularities such as crosstalk, which develop due to a drop in voltage caused by the wiring resistance of electric current supply lines in an electro-optical device, are improved upon. Attention is drawn to the fact that during a period in which write in of a signal to a pixel from a signal line is not performed, a signal is not input to a source signal line and to a gate signal line, but are at a fixed electric potential. An electric current supply line and a source signal line, or an electric current supply line and a gate signal line, are connected through a switching transistor. A signal is input to a connection control line during a sustain period, and the connection transistor is made conductive. The source signal line or the gate signal line is therefore utilized as a pathway for supplying electric current to the EL element.

The invention relates to a method and a device for transmission without crosstalk in interconnections used for sending a plurality of signals, such as the interconnections made with flat multiconductor cables, or with the tracks of a printed circuit board, or inside an integrated circuit. An interconnection with four parallel transmission conductors plus a reference conductor has each of its ends connected to a termination circuit. The transmitting circuit receives at its input the signals of the four channels of the source and its output terminals are connected to the conductors of the interconnection. The receiving circuit(s) input terminals are connected to the conductors of the interconnection, and its four output channels are connected to the destination. The signals of the four channels of an active source are sent to the four channels of the destination, without noticeable crosstalk.

A multi-core holey fiber with suppression of crosstalk deterioration among transmitted optical signals in a plurality of cores, and an optical transmission system using the fiber are disclosed. The multi-core holey fiber comprises a plurality of cores arranged separately from each other, and a cladding surrounding the plurality of cores wherein the cladding has plurality of holes arranged in a triangular lattice shape to create hole layers around the plurality of cores. Additionally, d / Λ is not more than 0.5, where Λ [μm] is lattice constant of the triangular lattice, d [μm] is diameter of each of the holes; a distance between adjacent cores is equivalent to not less than six hole layers; the cores arranged farthest from the center of the multi-core holey fiber is surrounded by not less three hole layers; and the sum of the coupling coefficients between the adjacent cores is not more than 1.6×10−5 / m.

The invention relates to a method and a device for pseudo-differential transmission in interconnections used for sending a plurality of electrical signals.The ends of an interconnection having 4 transmission conductors and a return conductor distinct from the reference conductor are each connected to a termination circuit. Three damping circuits are connected between the return conductor and the reference conductor. The transmitting circuits receive at their inputs the signals from the 4 channels of the two sources, and are connected to the conductors of the interconnection. A transmitting circuit in the activated state produces modal electrical variables, each modal electrical variable being allocated to one and only one channel. The receiving circuits are connected to the conductors of the interconnection, each receiving circuit being such that the 4 channels of a source connected to a transmitting circuit in the activated state are sent to the four channels of the destinations, without noticeable echo, internal crosstalk and external crosstalk.

A cable system is provided which can accomodate electrical and optical cabling. The conductors of the system employ a layer which is impedance-matched to space, decreasing their cross-section to electromagnetic interference. The conductors of the system also employ a layer which symmetrizes electromagnetic interference signals, reducing the effect of interference and crosstalk on the signals carried by the conductors. The system also includes a node interface device for connection to a global electrical and fiber network. The node interface device connects to a user interface device through the cable.

An enhanced communication connector assembly capable of meeting Category 6 performance levels with respect to near end crosstalk (NEXT), when the assembly is connected to a mating connector. The assembly includes a wire board, and a number of elongated terminal contact wires with base portions that are supported on the board. The contact wires have free end portions opposite the base portions for making electrical contact with a mating connector. A crosstalk compensating device on the wire board is constructed and arranged to cooperate with sections of selected terminal contact wires to provide capacitive compensation coupling between the selected terminal contact wires, when the contact wires are engaged by the mating connector.

A multi-channel mode converter operating with a series of TE or TM mode electromagnetic wave includes a plurality of coaxial waveguides arranged in overlay configuration. By controlling radius ratio and the number of coupling aperture of each coaxial waveguide, high power and high purity of operating mode of electromagnetic wave can be obtained and the major parasitic mode of electromagnetic wave can be suppressed, so as to avoid crosstalk between coaxial waveguides. A rotary joint including the above-mentioned mode converter with multi-channel is also disclosed.

A transmission unit with reduced crosstalk signal includes a first conductor group having at least one first conductor surrounded by a first sheath and at least one second conductor surrounded by a second sheath. The first and the second conductor are axially arranged corresponding to one another. The first sheath has a dielectric coefficient higher than that of the second sheath, so that a difference in dielectric property exists between the first and the second conductor to enable reduction of crosstalk occurred during high-speed signal transmission over the transmission unit.

It is a problem to provide an electric apparatus less in consumption power and long in life by the manufacture using the display device.An insulating bank 103a is provided in a form surrounding the pixel portions 110a on first electrodes 102a over a substrate. The entire surface is applied, by a wet scheme(method), with an organic conductive film 104. The organic conductive film 104 has a thickness form of T2>T1>T3 under the influence of the insulating bank 103. Accordingly, the portion T3 has an increased resistance in a lateral direction, making possible to prevent against crosstalk. Due to a conductive polymer as a buffer layer 104, a display device can be provided which is low in drive voltage. Furthermore, because the portion T2 is increased in thickness, the electric-field concentration is relaxed at and around the pixel portion. This makes it possible to prevent the organic light-emitting element from deteriorating at around the pixel.

A method of delay change determination in an integrated circuit design including a stage with a victim net and one or more aggressor nets capacitively coupled thereto, the method comprising: determining a nominal (noiseless) victim net signal transition; determining a noisy victim net signal transition; and determining a delay change based upon nominal and noisy victim signal transition arrival times at a victim net receiver output.

An electrical connector system includes a daughter card connector formed of a plurality of wafers. Each wafer is formed with cavities between the contacts of the signal conductors. The cavities are shaped to receive lossy inserts whereby crosstalk is reduced. The connector system may also or alternatively include a front housing formed with shield plates also to aid in reducing cross-talk. The front housing is adapted to mate between the wafers of the daughter card connector and a backplane connector of the electrical connector system. In an alternative embodiment, the front housing portion may include lossy conductive portions for cross-talk reduction.

Implementations of a discontinuous cable shield system and method include a shield having a multitude of separated shield segments dispersed along a length of a cable to reduce crosstalk between signals being transmitted on transmission lines, such as twisted wire pairs of a cable. The separated shield segments can serve as an incomplete, patch-worked, discontinuous, ‘granulated’ or otherwise perforated shield that can have effectiveness when applied as shielding for differential transmission lines such as with twisted wire pairs.

An electrical interconnection system with high speed, high density electrical connectors. The connectors incorporate electrically lossy material, selectively positioned to reduce crosstalk without undesirably attenuating signals. The lossy material may be molded through ground conductors that separate adjacent differential pairs within columns of conductive elements in the connector. However, regions of lossy material may be set back from the edges of the ground conductors to avoid undesired attenuation of signals. Also, the lossy material may be positioned in multiple regions along the length of signal conductors. The regions may be separated by holes, notches, gaps or other openings in the lossy material, which can be simply formed as part of a molding operation.

A method, system and computer program product for determining aggressor-induced crosstalk in a victim net of a stage of an integrated circuit design is provided. The methodology can include combining a plurality of aggressor nets to construct a virtual aggressor net, determining a current waveform induced on the victim net by the plurality of small aggressor nets, and modeling a current waveform induced by the virtual aggressor on the victim net based on the contribution of the current waveforms determined for the plurality of small aggressor nets. In a further embodiment, the methodology can also comprise evaluating an effect of an aggressor net on a victim net; and including that aggressor net in the virtual aggressor net if its effect is below a predetermined threshold. The effect evaluated by the methodology can, for example, be the height of a glitch induced on the victim net by a transition in the aggressor net. Additionally, the aggressor net can be included in the virtual aggressor net if the height of the glitch it induces on the victim net is less than a predetermined factor of the supply voltage. Switching probability can be used to compute a 3-sigma capacitance value, and this value can be used to limit the number of small aggressors included in the virtual aggressor net. The combined currents of the aggressor in the virtual aggressor net can be modeled using a piece-wise linear analysis.

Disclosed is an improved approach for performing crosstalk and signal integrity analysis in which multiple variables are taken into account when analyzing the effects of on-chip crosstalk, such as for example coupled wire length, ratio of coupling capacitance, and aggressor and victim driver types. Rather than performing a full-chip simulation, the potential crosstalk effects can be pre-characterized by performing simulation / modeling over specific net portions by systematically changing the values of these multiple variables. A set of patterns characterized from the variables are formed from the modeling. During the analysis process, the IC design is checked of the presence of the patterns, from which is produced the expected delay impact for crosstalk in the design.

Disclosed is an improved approach for performing crosstalk and signal integrity analysis in which multiple variables are taken into account when analyzing the effects of on-chip crosstalk, such as for example coupled wire length, ration of coupling capacitance, and aggressor and victim driver types. Rather than performing a full-chip simulation, the potential crosstalk effects can be pre-characterized by performing simulation / modeling over specific net portions by systematically changing the values of these multiple variables. A set of patterns characterized from the variables are formed from the modeling. During the analysis process, the IC design is checked of the presence of the patterns, from which is produced the expected delay impact for crosstalk in the design.

Crosstalk can be reduced in optical waveguide bundles by varying the widths of individual waveguides. Using different width waveguides reduces the growth of crosstalk between the optical waveguides, thereby allowing the waveguides to be placed in closer proximity to increase waveguide density on the chip and / or reduce the routing space required for the waveguide bundle. Moreover, varying the width of a waveguide spiral may reduce crosstalk, which can increase power efficiency when implemented in coiled or folded waveguide thermal optical (TO) devices.

A circuit analysis tool is provided, enabled with software instructions, for minimizing circuit crosstalk. The instructions provide a first circuit connected to an output mode, having a last gate with a plurality of inputs and an output. The instructions calculate a first circuit victim net delay range (timing window) having a minimum delay (Vmin) and a maximum delay (Vmax). A second circuit is provided having an output connected to the output node to supply an aggressor net delay range (A1) having a minimum delay (A1min) and a maximum delay (A1max). The aggressor net delay range at least partially overlaps the victim net delay range. Without increasing the value of Vmax (critical path timing), the first circuit victim net delay range is shrunk, thereby minimizing crosstalk between the first and second circuits without an increase in first circuit maximum signal delay.

A cable including circuitry for asserting information to a user or external device and a system including such a cable. The cable can include conductors, a memory storing cable data, and circuitry configured to respond to a request received on at least one of the conductors by accessing at least some of the cable data and asserting the accessed data serially to at least one of the conductors (e.g., for transmission to an external device). Other aspects of the invention are methods for accessing cable data stored in a cable and optionally using the data (e.g., to implement equalization). The cable data can be indicative of all or some of cable type, grade, speed, length, and impedance, a date code, a frequency-dependent attenuation table, far-end crosstalk and EMI-related coefficients, common mode radiation, intra pair skew, and other information. The cable can include a radiation-emitting element and circuitry for generating driving signals for causing the radiation-emitting element to produce an appropriate color, brightness, and / or blinking pattern.

An electrical interconnection system with high speed, differential electrical connectors. The connector is assembled from wafers each containing a column of conductive elements, some of which form differential pairs. A housing for the wafer is formed with regions of higher and lower dielectric constant material. The regions of lower dielectric constant material are selectively positioned adjacent longer signal conductors of the differential pairs. The material may be preferentially placed along curved segments of the differential pair to reduce crosstalk in the connector while reducing skew.

Crosstalk noise peaks in output signals of nets of an integrated circuit layout design are estimated by first processing the design to estimate resistances and capacitances of the nets. The design is then processed to identify each aggressor net having at least one section that is proximate to a section of a victim net. A separate aggressor model is then generated for each proximate aggressor net section, the aggressor model including a current source and a capacitor. The design is then processed to identify each victim net that is proximate any aggressor net and a separate crosstalk model is generated for each identified victim net. The crosstalk model for each victim net includes the victim net's estimated resistances and capacitances and incorporates the aggressor model of each aggressor net section that is proximate to a section of the identified victim net. The crosstalk model for each identified victim net is then evaluated to determine a response to a signal applied as input to the victim net of a victim net output signal. The peak crosstalk noise in each identified victim net is estimated based on the response of the net's output signal.

Methods, apparatus and systems for dynamically controlling a digital communication system, such as a DSL system, collect information about digital communication lines in the system and adaptively and / or dynamically determine line and signal characteristics of the digital communication lines, including interference effects. Based on the determined characteristics and the desired performance parameters, operation of the digital communication lines is adjusted to improve or otherwise control the performance of the system. The collection and processing of information may be performed by a party that is not a user in the system. This independent party also may control operational characteristics and parameters of the system. The invention can be used to eliminate or reduce signal interference such as crosstalk that can be induced on communication lines in systems such as DSL systems. Specific iterative power allocation and vectored transmission techniques and apparatus are disclosed.

A waferized connector connects to two twinax cables. The connector includes a molded lead frame, ground sleeve, twinax cable, and overmolded strain relief. The lead frame is molded to retain a lead frame containing both differential signal pins and ground pins. Termination sections are provided at the rear of the lead frame to terminate each of the signal wires of the cables to respective signal lands. The ground sleeve has two general H-shape structures connected together by a center cross-support member. Each of the H-shaped structures having curved legs, each of which fits over the signal wires of one of the twinax cables. The wings of the ground sleeve are terminated to the ground lands of the lead frame and the drain wire of the cable is terminated to the ground sleeve to terminate the drain wire to a ground reference. The ground sleeve controls the impedance in the termination area of the cables, where the twinax foil is removed to expose the wires for termination to the lands. The ground sleeve also shields the cables to reduce crosstalk between themselves and adjacent wafers when arranged in a connector housing. A conductive slab member is formed over the sleeve to provide a capacitive coupling with the conductive foil of the signal cable.

An electrical interconnection system with high speed, differential electrical connectors. The connector is assembled from wafers each containing a column of conductive elements, some of which form differential pairs. A housing for the wafer is formed with regions of higher and lower dielectric constant material. The regions of lower dielectric constant material are selectively positioned adjacent longer signal conductors of the differential pairs. The material may be preferentially placed along curved segments of the differential pair to reduce crosstalk in the connector while reducing skew.