62 results about "Coaxial waveguides" patented technology

The invention provides a relativistic magnetron based on side cavity magnetic coupling coaxial TEM mode extraction, which comprises an anode, a cathode and a magnet, and is characterized in that the anode comprises an outer cylinder, a long anode block, a short anode block, an angular coupling slot, a reflection ring, a coaxial waveguide inner conductor and a coaxial waveguide outer conductor; the long anode blocks and the short anode blocks are alternately distributed in the outer cylinder and are aligned at one end of the outer cylinder, and the other end is alternately distributed in a long-short manner; the short anode blocks, the adjacent long anode blocks and the reflection ring form a fan-shaped edge cavity, and the angular coupling slots are arranged on the outer wall of the fan-shaped edge cavity. The coaxial waveguide outer conductor is connected with the outer cylinder, and the inner conductor is connected with the long anode block. When the magnetron works in a pi mode, the high-frequency magnetic fields of the adjacent resonant cavities are coupled to the coaxial waveguide in an in-phase manner through the angular coupling slots, the TEM fundamental mode is excited to perform axial transmission, and full-cavity microwave energy coupling extraction is realized. Microwave energy is extracted in a side cavity magnetic coupling mode, the output power and efficiency are improved, and the structural design is simplified.

Power-combining devices and more particularly spatial power-combining and related structural arrangements are disclosed. Such structural arrangements involve mechanical connections between center waveguide sections and input and / or output coaxial waveguide sections that provide scalable structures for different operating frequency bands, improved mechanical connections, and / or improved assembly. Exemplary structural arrangements include structures that extend through center waveguide sections and into input and / or output coaxial waveguide sections, integrated mechanical structures within the center waveguide section, compression fit arrangements, dielectric inserts arranged within channels of coaxial waveguide sections, and / or various combinations thereof.

A relay for a beam of wireless power and a satellite with the relay are disclosed. The relay includes: an array of coaxial waveguide elements, each element including: an input polarizing section, an output polarizing section, and a phase shifting section located between said input and output polarizing sections, wherein said input polarizing section, said output polarizing section, and said phase shifting section are controllably rotatable around a longitudinal axis of said coaxial waveguide; and a processor to control rotation of said input polarizing section, said output polarizing section, and said phase shifting section.

A system for efficiently generating or originating a tailored electromagnetic (EM) wave having a lower velocity than the speed of electromagnetic waves in free space includes a coaxial waveguide which extends linearly and a sinewave current generator. The coaxial waveguide includes a tubular outer body and a tailored emitting antenna disposed coaxially within the tubular outer body. The tubular outer body is formed of a first conductive material and defines a space therein which may be maintained as vacuum. The tailored emitting antenna is constructed physically and electrically by at least three phase-shifted sub-antennas connected in series, each of the sub-antennas being formed of a second conductive material which is less conductive than the first conductive material. The sinewave current generator generates multiple phase-shifted sinewave currents which are respectively input to the sub-antennas.

Power-combining devices and, more particularly, mechanical fastener arrangements in spatial power-combining devices and related methods are disclosed. Mechanical fastener arrangements promote mechanical connections between center waveguide sections and input and / or output coaxial waveguide sections that provide scalable structures for different operating frequency bands, improved mechanical connections, and / or improved assembly. Exemplary mechanical fastener arrangements attach conductors of input and / or output coaxial waveguide sections to center waveguide sections with mechanical fasteners. Heads of mechanical fasteners are positioned within center waveguide sections and nuts secured to the mechanical fasteners are in positions that are outside center waveguide sections.

The present invention relates to a mode-extracting device (500) for an electromagnetic signal comprising, from upstream to downstream: - a first orthomode junction (1) comprising: - a central core (121) and - a first coaxial waveguide (120) extending to a coaxial transition zone (11); - a second coaxial waveguide (140) extending from the coaxial transition zone (11) to a downstream end (15); - four first output ports (14); - a waveguide (150) extending from the end (15); - four first branches (2a); - a second junction (3, 4) comprising an output waveguide (31, 41), a second output port (311, 411), and four second input ports (33, 43), each connected orthogonally to one of the four second branches (2b) and to the waveguide output waves (31, 41). Figure for the abstract: Fig. 2

The application discloses a compact high-power multilayer coaxial waveguide power divider, and belongs to the field of high-power mode power distribution. The power divider comprises an upper layer coaxial radial power division structure, a lower layer coaxial radial power division structure and a variable inner diameter coaxial line structure. The upper layer coaxial radial power division structure comprises n upper layer output ports, the lower layer coaxial radial power division structure comprises n lower layer output ports, and the variable inner diameter coaxial line structure is used for introducing part of power of an upper layer coaxial input port input signal into a lower layer coaxial line part, and the remaining power enters an upper layer radial line part. Signals entering the upper layer radial line part are equally divided into n paths of output, and signals entering the lower layer coaxial line part are equally divided into n paths of output through a lower layer radial line part. The application can break through the restriction of the number of radial power division, introduce more power division paths in a limited radial radius, and has the advantages of low loss, high power capacity and more compact structure compared with a single layer radial power division system under the premise of the same number of power division.

The present invention discloses a novel plasma coaxial electrodeless ultraviolet lamp system, which relates to the technical field of coaxial electrodeless ultraviolet lamps. The system comprises an inner conductor tube, an ultraviolet lamp tube plugged into one end of the inner conductor tube, and an outer conductor tube sleeved around the inner conductor tube and the outer side of the ultraviolet lamp tube. The inner conductor tube is provided with a feed port on the side away from the ultraviolet lamp tube. A ignition structure for tip discharge is provided on the tube wall of the inner conductor tube, and an adjustable support assembly is provided inside the inner conductor tube. The ignition structure is provided on the inner conductor tube for exciting strong electromagnetic waves, which facilitates the ultraviolet lamp tube to form a plasma excitation structure capable of exciting the ultraviolet lamp tube to generate plasma under the action of a strong electric field. The inner conductor tube is a hollow copper tube. The present invention utilizes the characteristic of significantly enhanced conductivity after plasma excitation to make it the inner conductor of the coaxial waveguide, greatly reducing the weight of the lamp. Multi-physics field simulations were also performed, and the results showed that the electromagnetic field and plasma in the lamp were uniformly distributed after excitation.

The utility model discloses a mountain landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation relates to geological disaster monitoring field, including microwave source, circulator, waveguide, lossy medium, waveguide load, power detection module and signal processing module, the output of microwave source is connected with circulator's Port1 port through radio frequency cable, and Port2 port of circulator is connected with the input of waveguide through coaxial waveguide adapter, and Port3 port of circulator is connected with power detection module through radio frequency cable, the inside chamber end of waveguide is filled with lossy medium, and the outer port of waveguide is fixedly connected with waveguide load, the input of waveguide load is in close contact with lossy medium, and the output of power detection module is connected with the input of signal processing module through AD acquisition circuit. The utility model overcomes the deficiency of prior art, can realize the sensitive capture and accurate evaluation to mountain tiny slip. Thus effectively prevent the occurrence of landslide disaster.

The invention discloses a waveguide, a coaxial cable waveguide side feed structure and a coaxial waveguide converter, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency coaxial and waveguide side feed, the waveguide comprises a waveguide tube, one end of a waveguide port of the waveguide tube is provided with a short circuit block, the waveguide tube is provided with a first mounting port and a second mounting port, a first metal support member is embedded in the first mounting port, and a second metal support member is embedded in the second mounting port; the first mounting port is provided with a first metal supporting piece for the radio frequency cable to be stripped to a core wire area of a core wire or a coaxial inner conductor of the coaxial connector to be embedded, and the second mounting port is provided with a second metal supporting piece for the non-stripped section of the radio frequency cable or the coaxial section of the coaxial connector to be embedded. The coaxial cable waveguide side feed structure comprises a radio frequency cable and the waveguide. The coaxial waveguide converter comprises a coaxial connector and the waveguide. Through the optimization of the structure, the conversion power capacity is at least increased by more than eight times compared with a traditional high-power scheme, and the power reliability is obviously improved in an occasion where the requirement for the power capacity of a user side is high or a low-pressure environment exists.

The utility model discloses a waveguide practical training system. The system comprises a microwave signal generator, a frequency meter, a microwatt power meter, a frequency selective amplifier, a variable attenuator, a fixed attenuator, a waveguide directional coupler, a magic T, a horn antenna, a measuring line, a sliding screw tuner, a crystal detector, a matched load, a coaxial waveguide converter, a short circuit plate, a reflecting plate, a straight waveguide and a frequency expander. According to the utility model, a product modular structure design is adopted, so that each student can understand the basic composition, working principle and simulation analysis of the microwave system, and the function and measurement method of each module in the system.

The application provides a relativistic magnetron based on edge-coupled magnetic coupling coaxial TEM mode extraction, which comprises an anode, a cathode and a magnet, wherein the anode comprises an outer cylinder, long anode blocks, short anode blocks, angular coupling slots, a reflecting ring, a coaxial waveguide inner conductor and a coaxial waveguide outer conductor. The long anode blocks and the short anode blocks are alternately distributed inside the outer cylinder, are aligned at one end of the outer cylinder and are alternately distributed in length at the other end; the short anode blocks, the adjacent long anode blocks and the reflecting ring form a fan-shaped edge cavity, and the angular coupling slots are arranged on the outer wall of the fan-shaped edge cavity. The coaxial waveguide outer conductor is connected with the outer cylinder, and the inner conductor is connected with the long anode blocks. When the magnetron works in a pi mode, the high-frequency magnetic field of adjacent resonant cavities is coupled to the coaxial waveguide through the angular coupling slots in phase, the TEM base mode is excited to be axially transmitted, and the full-cavity microwave energy coupling extraction is realized. The microwave energy is extracted through the edge-coupled magnetic coupling mode, the output power and the efficiency are improved, and the structural design is simplified.

The invention discloses a high-power-capacity power divider based on a mixed mode, and belongs to a power distribution / synthesis technology in the technical field of high-power microwaves. The objective of the invention is to solve the problems of insufficient power capacity and coaxial inner conductor end surface electric field concentration caused by small cross section size when an existing power divider is applied to high frequency. The power divider integrates circular waveguide TM0n mixed mode excitation, conversion from a mixed mode to a coaxial waveguide TEM mode and an inner conductor end face strong field control technology, and comprises an input circular waveguide, inclined plane transition, a large over-mode ratio circular waveguide, a coaxial waveguide, a radial line and a rectangular waveguide, and a groove is formed in the inner conductor end face of the coaxial waveguide. While the waveguide section is increased to improve the power capacity of the main body structure, the end surface electric field peak value is effectively inhibited, and the system power capacity is improved. The invention is mainly applied to a microwave system requiring high power distribution or synthesis, and has the advantages of high power capacity, low surface electric field, high conversion efficiency and wide working bandwidth.

The utility model discloses a coaxial waveguide converter, and belongs to the technical field of microwave passive devices. The novel coaxial waveguide converter comprises a waveguide cavity and further comprises a matching cover plate, the matching cover plate is installed on the waveguide cavity, a coaxial connector shell is horizontally inserted in one side of the waveguide cavity, a coaxial connector jack is horizontally inserted in the other side of the waveguide cavity, and the coaxial connector shell is connected with the coaxial connector jack. The coaxial connector shell and the coaxial connector jack are respectively arranged at two sides of the waveguide cavity, the axes of the coaxial connector shell and the coaxial connector jack coincide, the coaxial connector shell and the waveguide cavity are welded into a whole through silver brazing to form a combined body, an insulating medium in a traditional coaxial connector is removed, a pure air medium structure is adopted, and the coaxial connector shell and the coaxial connector jack are integrated to form the combined body. The coaxial waveguide converter is ensured to be stable in electrical performance index and reliable in mechanical performance in a high-temperature environment above 400 DEG C.

The invention discloses a terminating type coaxial waveguide adapter and an optimization method thereof.The terminating type coaxial waveguide adapter comprises a coaxial connector, a waveguide adapter lower cavity and a waveguide adapter upper cavity, the coaxial connector is provided with an inner conductor, the waveguide adapter lower cavity is provided with a primary waveguide cavity, a metal diaphragm and a standard rectangular waveguide which are sequentially arranged, and the waveguide adapter upper cavity is provided with an outer conductor. The inner conductor extends into the primary waveguide cavity for a set length along the center of the wide side of the primary waveguide, and the center of the inner conductor keeps a set distance from the short circuit surface of the waveguide cavity; the metal diaphragm is integrally formed in the lower cavity of the waveguide adapter and is used for realizing impedance matching between the primary waveguide and the standard rectangular waveguide and deflecting a signal by 90 degrees along the transmission direction of the waveguide; the upper cavity of the waveguide adapter is in contact with the lower cavity of the waveguide adapter in a plane crimping mode, so that the structure of the waveguide is closed. According to the invention, the structure complexity, the assembly difficulty and the production cost are greatly reduced while the properties of large bandwidth and low loss of the adapter are maintained.

The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave conduction, in particular to a coaxial-waveguide power synthesis device, which comprises a waveguide tube, an inner conductor and a coaxial, the waveguide tube comprises an open end and a closed end, the coaxial penetrates through the closed end and is connected with the inner conductor, the coaxial-waveguide power synthesis device further comprises a short-circuit block, one end of the short-circuit block is connected with the closed end, and the other end of the short-circuit block is connected with the inner conductor. One end of the waveguide tube is connected with the closed end, the other end of the waveguide tube is connected with the inner conductor, the inner conductor, the closed end and the inner wall of the waveguide tube are arranged at intervals, and the coaxial-waveguide power synthesis device can transmit heat of the inner conductor to the waveguide tube so as to dissipate the heat, reduce reflection and improve electromagnetic performance.

This invention provides a Ka / V band dual-frequency conical beam antenna for millimeter-wave detection, comprising an upper square metal structure, a lower square metal structure, a coaxial waveguide, an open circular waveguide, and a feed network. The open circular waveguide is the main radiating part, transitioning from the coaxial waveguide to the open circular waveguide, allowing the open circular waveguide to operate in TM mode to generate a radially symmetrical electric field distribution. By adjusting the size of the open circular waveguide, TM01 and TM02 modes exist within it, respectively generating Ka / V band electromagnetic waves. This invention utilizes a shielded microstrip line to excite the fundamental TEM mode of the coaxial waveguide before transitioning to the TM mode of the circular waveguide, which can suppress other unwanted modes, thereby making the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna more uniform. The coaxial waveguide is a stepped coaxial waveguide with varying radius. The stepped structure of the waveguide inner diameter can achieve good impedance matching. The structure is simple, easy to implement, and has dual-frequency, dual-tilt radiation characteristics.

The utility model discloses a kind of straight-through coaxial waveguide radial power combiners, including outer cavity, inner cavity, cover plate, probe, medium, output end connector, input end connector, output connector mounting screw, cover plate mounting screw, input connector mounting screw, the probe is set in the bottom of inner cavity, the outer cavity, inner cavity, cover plate are sequentially connected from top to bottom, medium is sleeved on probe, output end connector is set above outer cavity by output connector mounting screw, the input end connector is set in the bottom of cover plate by input connector mounting screw.The utility model input connector and output connector are on the line of direction opposite in length direction, save the space of chassis in height direction, make chassis height lower;Save the space of chassis in width direction, make power amplifier module, power module better realize layout.

The invention discloses a compact broadband circular waveguide TM01 mode bending structure, and aims to solve the technical bottleneck that an existing circular waveguide TM01 mode bending structure is difficult to consider the aspects of bandwidth, structural compactness and power capacity at the same time. The antenna is composed of two circular waveguide TM01 mode power dividers, two E-plane U-shaped folded waveguide arrays and two E-plane rectangular bent waveguide arrays. The coaxial waveguide TEM mode and the multi-path rectangular waveguide TE10 mode are adopted as the middle transition mode of the antenna, and the problem of mode competition in a traditional bending structure is effectively solved. Meanwhile, by utilizing an E-plane U-shaped folded waveguide phase compensation technology, the length of each rectangular waveguide transmission path between the two circular waveguide TM01 mode power dividers is ensured to be consistent, the relative working bandwidth of which the transmission efficiency of a bent structure is greater than 95% is widened to be more than 40%, the power capacity is improved to the GW magnitude, and the distance between input / output ports is shortened to be within 5 times of the central wavelength.

The application discloses a kind of hole microwave irradiation auxiliary rock breaking method and device, comprising: S1, the rotating center of the cutting head end of heading machine is set with a hole;S2, a rack is arranged in the main shaft of heading machine, drill pipe and coaxial waveguide are placed side by side in the rack, wherein drill pipe and coaxial waveguide can rotate with main shaft;S3, lifting component and telescopic component are arranged in the main shaft, lifting component is used to drive rack to move in the main shaft along the radial direction of main shaft, so that drill pipe and coaxial waveguide are aligned with hole respectively, telescopic component is used to push the end of drill pipe or coaxial waveguide aligned with hole to extend out of cutting head;Wherein, multiple openings are set on the lateral side of coaxial waveguide.The application integrates "microwave cracking" into heading machine, the device is highly integrated, realizes drilling-microwave-heading integration, and the efficiency of heading is high;Unlike surface microwave cracking, hole microwave cracking has greater depth, longer distance for assisting rock breaking, and higher energy utilization rate.

The present invention discloses a compact, high-power CTS array antenna loaded with a slow-wave structure, comprising: a mode conversion power distribution network structure, a CTS array cascaded with the mode conversion power distribution network structure, and sealed metal plates on both sides of the CTS array. The mode conversion power distribution network structure comprises a special-shaped waveguide component, a coaxial waveguide component disposed within the special-shaped waveguide component, and a polygonal radial parallel plate waveguide fixedly connected to the coaxial waveguide component. The special-shaped waveguide component comprises multiple curved waveguides and multiple rectangular waveguides, forming a mounting step for accommodating the CTS array. The CTS array comprises a parallel plate waveguide and a CTS assembly on a plate above the parallel plate waveguide. The parallel plate waveguide is provided with a corrugated slow-wave structure along the propagation direction. The sealed metal plates simultaneously connect the mode conversion power distribution network structure and the CTS array. According to the present invention, the problem of grating lobes and high-power feeding caused by excessive spacing between high-power CTS array antenna elements is solved, resulting in a flexible and compact structure.

Embodiments described herein relate to an apparatus that includes a microwave power generator, and a rectangular waveguide coupled to the microwave power generator. In an embodiment, the apparatus may also include an impedance tuner that is coupled to the rectangular waveguide, and a coaxial waveguide that is coupled to the rectangular waveguide. In an embodiment, the coaxial waveguide includes a conductive pin with a first end and a second end. In an embodiment, the apparatus further includes a circular waveguide cavity around the second end of the conductive pin, and a slotted antenna in the circular waveguide cavity.

The invention discloses a multi-feed-source coaxial-waveguide composite resonance microwave heating device and a control method, the multi-feed-source coaxial-waveguide composite resonance microwave heating device comprises a waveguide cavity and a plurality of coaxial coupling structures, the top surface of the waveguide cavity is open, and the plurality of coaxial coupling structures are integrated in the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity. Each coaxial coupling structure comprises a coaxial port and a coaxial coupling helix which are connected with each other, the coaxial port serves as an input end of the feed source, and a microwave signal is input into the waveguide cavity through the coaxial port and the coaxial coupling helix in sequence to heat an object to be heated in the waveguide cavity. A coaxial and waveguide composite resonance mode is constructed, impedance matching and heating uniformity are further optimized in combination with gradual change spiral parameter design and a multi-source heating control method, and the method is suitable for the field of industrial heating and precise material processing with extremely high temperature uniformity requirements.

The application discloses a kind of high-power coaxial feed, including coaxial double-ridge horn opening section, ridge waveguide conversion section and coaxial waveguide conversion section, internally provided with an internal hollow stepped ridge section and a pair of internal hollow arc ridge section, the top of stepped ridge section is connected with the bottom of same side arc ridge section, the bottom of stepped ridge section extends into coaxial waveguide conversion section, the bottom of coaxial waveguide conversion section is equipped with bottom cover, coaxial inner conductor and coaxial outer conductor are coaxially arranged in the middle of bottom cover, the outside of coaxial inner conductor is wrapped with the medium body with conical frustum top, the top of coaxial inner conductor and medium body penetrates bottom cover and extends into coaxial waveguide conversion section, stepped ridge section is integrally provided with connecting block, threaded hole and air hole are processed on connecting block, coaxial inner conductor is coaxially arranged with threaded hole, and the top of coaxial inner conductor extends into threaded hole, the design is small in size, light in weight, easy to layout, and the discharge threshold is 10 times higher than that of traditional related products.

The utility model discloses a distributed coaxial waveguide interference rock-soil body moisture sensor which is characterized in that a metal rod is positioned in a metal tube, the metal rod and the metal tube are coaxially arranged, and two ends of the metal rod and the metal tube are aligned; the infiltration sections are arranged on the metal pipe and are axially arranged at certain intervals along the metal pipe, and the infiltration sections consist of through hole arrays which are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the wall of the metal pipe; the elastic telescopic cavity is positioned in the metal pipe and is positioned in the same section with the infiltration section; the elastic telescopic cavity is filled with the water absorption expansion medium; and the radio frequency coaxial connector and the terminal load are respectively connected with two ends of the metal tube and are simultaneously contacted with two ends of the metal rod. Electromagnetic waves are injected into the sensor, rock-soil mass moisture permeates into the water absorption expansion medium to drive the distance between the baffles on the two sides of the elastic telescopic cavity to be changed, the baffles on the two sides are medium mutation faces and are two electromagnetic wave reflection points, interference spectrum frequency shift is caused by the distance change of the reflection points, and the moisture content of the rock-soil mass can be measured by monitoring the frequency shift. The system has the advantages of distributed and real-time monitoring.

The application discloses a high-performance four-cavity coaxial waveguide converter, four same through holes are arranged in a coaxial end shell, four same insulators and four same inner conductors are sequentially arranged in the through holes, four same rectangular waveguide cavities are arranged in a waveguide end shell, one same rectangular stepped matching block is arranged in each of the four rectangular waveguide cavities, the coaxial end shell is connected with the waveguide end shell through tin soldering, one end of the inner conductor penetrates through the through hole of the coaxial end insulator and extends into a small hole of the matching block of the waveguide end shell, the waveguide is converted into the coaxial, the other end of the inner conductor extends out of the insulator and can be connected with a microstrip line, so that the transmission of microwave signals is realized; the application adopts a special shell welding positioning clamp, ensures the consistency of the length of the shell, and eliminates the influence of the inconsistent length on the phase; and the application adopts a special four-cavity waveguide converter during testing, and the testing efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an 0-shaped slot reconfigurable intelligent metasurface phased-array antenna which comprises a patch layer, a first dielectric layer, a first grounding layer, a second dielectric layer, a second grounding layer, a third dielectric layer, a feed layer, a fourth dielectric layer and a third grounding layer from top to bottom in sequence. The patch layer comprises a plurality of radiation patches arranged in an array and a feed network connected with the radiation patches, the feed layer is provided with a strip-shaped feed line and is connected with the patch layer through metalized via holes, and the third grounding layer comprises a grounding copper layer and two bias lines isolated from the grounding copper layer. The two bias lines are connected with the patch layer through metalized via holes; according to the utility model, the radiation patch adopts an O-shaped slotted patch, the feed mode adopts coaxial waveguide feed, the antenna is easy to install, the bandwidth can cover a mobile 5.8 GHz communication frequency band of 5.725 GHz-5. 85 GHz, and the antenna has the advantages of light weight, low profile, low power consumption, easy deployment, low cost and the like.

This invention relates to the field of antenna technology and discloses an integrated transceiver device for an ultra-wideband beam antenna and radome, comprising a coaxial connector, a dual-ridge waveguide, a coaxial-to-waveguide converter, a metal cap, a parasitic ridge horn section, a radome, and an integrated fixing frame. The dual-ridge waveguide is connected to the parasitic ridge horn section, and the coaxial connector is connected to the dual-ridge waveguide via the coaxial-to-waveguide converter. The metal cap seals the bottom of the dual-ridge waveguide, and the radome covers the radiating aperture of the parasitic ridge horn section and is fixed by the integrated fixing frame. The dual-ridge waveguide extends the main mode cutoff wavelength through the parasitic ridges, expanding the single-mode transmission bandwidth and achieving impedance matching with VSWR≤2 in the 5GHz~18GHz frequency band. Through an innovative integrated design, this invention achieves signal coverage across multiple frequency bands without significantly increasing the size, meeting the requirements of modern military communication and guidance systems for high-speed data transmission, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high confidentiality with excellent impedance and radiation characteristics.

An antenna for omnidirectional coverage and directional beam forming includes a multimode biconical waveguide with a first conical structure having a first base and a first apex, a second conical structure having a second base and a second apex, the first apex facing the second apex, and a radiation aperture. There is a coaxial interface between the first conical structure and the second conical structure that includes a coaxial waveguide to direct electromagnetic (EM) energy into the radiation aperture. An active electronic phased array (ASEA) included with the antenna controls independent sources of EM wave energy that excite multiple modes of the multimode biconical waveguide and provide omnidirectional radiation and directional beam steering.

The application discloses a leaky circularly polarized waveguide, which comprises, from back to front, a closed short-circuit end, a coaxial waveguide, a matching unit and a feeding unit; the coaxial waveguide comprises a first inner conductor, a first insulating layer and a first outer conductor which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the first insulating layer is wrapped outside the first inner conductor, and the first outer conductor is wrapped outside the first insulating layer; along the signal transmission direction, a slot array is arranged in a matrix on the outer surface of the first outer conductor; the slot array is composed of a plurality of groups of slot array elements arranged along the length direction of the outer surface of the first outer conductor; each group of slot array elements is a circular ring structure formed by a plurality of slot units arranged in a circle; each slot unit is composed of a first slot and a second slot arranged in pairs, and the first slot and the second slot are arranged in a non-contacting orthogonal mode. The leaky circularly polarized waveguide has the advantages of enhancing signal coverage strength and capacity.