1255 results about "Composite signal" patented technology

In an encoder, multiple channels of audio information representing multidimensional sound fields are split into subband signals and the subband signals in one or more subbands are combined to form composite signals. The composite signals, the subband signals not combined into a composite signal and information describing the spectral levels of subband signals combined into composite signals are assembled into an encoded output signal. The spectral level information conveys either the amplitude or power of the combined subband signals or the apparent direction of the sound field represented by the combined subband signals. In digital implementations, adaptive bit allocation may be used to reduce the informational requirements of the encoded signal.

A power delivery method and system for powering a headset. A power signal is combined with an audio signal to form a composite signal that is communicated over a shared channel to the headset. The power signal is generated by modulating a carrier signal with a modulation signal. The modulation signal is derived from the amplitude of the audio signal so that the peak levels of the composite signal do not exceed the maximum allowable output of an audio I/O circuit driving the headset.

The present invention provides methods and apparatus for implementing spatial multiplexing in conjunction with the one or more multiple access protocols during the broadcast of information in a wireless network. A wireless cellular network for transmitting subscriber datastream(s) to corresponding ones among a plurality of subscriber units located within the cellular network is disclosed. The wireless cellular network includes base stations and a logic. The base stations each include spatially separate transmitters for transmitting, in response to control signals, selected substreams of each subscriber datastream on an assigned channel of a multiple access protocol. The logic communicates with each of the base stations. The logic assigns an available channel on which to transmit each subscriber datastream. The logic routes at least a substream of each datastream to at least a selected one of the base stations. The logic also generates control signals to configure the at least a selected one of the base stations to transmit the selected substreams to a corresponding one among the plurality of subscriber units on the assigned channel. A subscriber unit for use in a cellular system is also disclosed. The subscriber unit includes: spatially separate receivers, a spatial processor, and a combiner. The spatially separate receivers receive the assigned channel composite signals resulting from the spatially separate transmission of the subscriber downlink datastream(s). The spatial processor is configurable in response to a control signal transmitted by the base station to separate the composite signals into estimated substreams based on information obtained during the transmission of known data patterns from at least one of the base stations. The spatial processor signals the base stations when a change of a spatial transmission configuration is required. The combiner combines the estimated substreams into a corresponding subscriber datastream.

A method and an apparatus for separating a composite signal into a plurality of signals is described. A signal processor receives a composite signal and separates a composite signal into separate output signals. Feedback from one or more of the output signals is provided to a configuration module that configures the signal processor to improve a quality of the output signals. In one embodiment, calibration data from multiple calibration data sets is used to configure the demodulation of the composite signal into separate output signals.

An electrical circuit in a communications channel is provided. The electrical circuit includes an active resistive summer. The active resistive summer has a composite signal as an input. The composite signal includes a transmission signal component and a receive signal component. A replica transmission signal is also an input to the active resistive summer. The active resistive summer includes the receive signal component as an output.

A harmonic suppression mixer for down converting an RF signal to a complex I and Q baseband signal that uses a plurality of switching mixers each with a gain stage to produce a sinusoidal weighted sum of the mixer outputs. Odd harmonics output by each switching mixer is suppressed in the composite signal. A low skew local oscillator (LO) clock generator creates multiple LO phases and drives the mixers. The mixer can be used in low noise direct conversion RF tuners. The mixer is configurable by programming gain stage coefficient values to achieve a variable number of effective mixers used in combination. At low tuning frequencies, all available mixers are programmed with unique coefficients and driven by different LO clock phases to achieve maximum harmonic suppression. At high tuning frequencies, some mixers are paralleled and duplicate coefficients are programmed or mixers are disabled to reduce the number of effective mixers.

A method and an apparatus for separating a composite signal into a plurality of signals is described. A signal processor receives a composite signal and separates a composite signal in to separate output signals. Feedback from one or more of the output signals is provided to a configuration module that configures the signal processor to improve a quality of the output signals. In one embodiment, the signal processor separates the composite signal by applying a first demodulation signal to the composite signal to generate a first output signal. In one embodiment, the signal processor also applies a second demodulation signal to the composite signal to generate a second output signal. In one embodiment, a phase and/or amplitude of the first demodulation signal and a phase and/or amplitude of the second demodulation signal are selected to reduce crosstalk. In one embodiment, the composite signal is obtained from a detector in a system for measuring one or more blood constituents.

A cardiac monitoring and/or stimulation method and systems provide monitoring, defibrillation and/or pacing therapies, including systems detecting and/or treating cardiac arrhythmia. A system includes a housing coupled to a plurality of electrodes configured for subcutaneous non-intrathoracic sensing. A signal processor receives a plurality of composite signals associated with a plurality of sources, separates a signal from the plurality of composite signals using blind source separation, and identifies a cardiac signal. The signal processor may iteratively separate signals from the plurality of composite signals until the cardiac signal is identified. A method of signal separation includes detecting a plurality of composite signals at a plurality of locations, separating a signal using blind source separation, and identifying a cardiac signal. The separation may include a principal component analysis and/or an independent component analysis. The composite signals may be filtered before separation using band-pass filtering, adaptive, or other filters.

An efficient telecommunications receiver system for accurately decoding a received composite signal having a data signal component and a pilot signal component. The receiver system includes a first circuit for receiving the composite signal and extracting a pilot signal and a data signal from received composite signal. A second circuit calculates a log-likelihood ratio as a function of a channel estimate based on the pilot signal. A third circuit scales the log-likelihood ratio by a predetermined log-likelihood ratio scaling factor and provides an accurate log-likelihood value in response thereto. A fourth circuit decodes the received composite signal based on the accurate log-likelihood value and the data signal. In a specific embodiment, the pilot signal and the data signal comprise pilot samples and data samples, respectively. The third circuit includes a carrier signal-to-interference ratio circuit for computing a first signal-to-interference ratio and a second signal-to-interference ratio based partly on the pilot signal. The first signal-to-interference ratio is based on the data samples, and the second signal-to-interference ratio is based on the pilot samples. The first signal-to-noise ratio and the second signal-to-noise ratio provide input to a circuit for computing the predetermined log-likelihood ratio scaling factor that is included in the third circuit. In a more specific embodiment, the first circuit includes a despreader for despreading the received composite signal in accordance with a predetermined spreading function and providing a despread signal in response thereto. The spreading function is a pseudo noise sequence or a Walsh function. The first circuit further includes a decovering circuit that extracts the pilot signal and the data signal from the despread signal. In the illustrative embodiment, the accurate receiver system further includes a circuit for generating a rate and/or power control message and transmitting the rate and/or power control message to an external transceiver in communication with the efficient receiver system.

The technique of amplifier sharing is implemented in a system designed to accommodate transmit diversity. In one embodiment of the invention, the amplifiers are shared 1) to amplify a first and a second diversity-encoded signal, each of which represents the information a first signal that is to be transmitted using transmit diversity, and 2) to amplify a second signal to be transmitted without using transmit diversity. The first and second diversity-encoded signals are used to form a first and a second composite signal. Each composite signal is amplified in a different one of two power amplifiers. Each amplified composite signal is then used to form an amplified first diversity-encoded signal and an amplified second diversity-encoded signal. The first and second composite signals can also be formed using the second signal. Each composite signal is then amplified in a different one of the two power amplifiers and the two amplified composite signals are used to form an amplified second signal. In another embodiment of the invention, the first and second composite signals can be formed in the digital domain. Each composite signal is digitally pre-distorted and then modulated onto a transmission frequency signal, such as an RF signal. Each pre-distorted composite signal is then amplified in the respective amplifier.

A cardiac monitoring and/or stimulation system includes a housing coupled to a plurality of electrodes configured for subcutaneous non-intrathoracic sensing. A signal processor receives a plurality of composite signals associated with a plurality of sources, separates a signal from the plurality of composite signals, and identifies the separated signal as a cardiac signal using information derived from a non-electrophysiologic sensor, such as an accelerometer or acoustic transducer. The signal processor may iteratively correlate separated signals from the plurality of composite signals with a non-electrophysiologic sensor signal until the cardiac signal is identified.

Agile frequency converter and method, IF-RF level exchange process, and notch filtering techniques. System noise and spurious levels generated by channel frequency conversion is reduced in applications requiring broadband combining of frequency converters to form multichannel composite signal. Converter employs two-stage frequency conversion process, with gain exchange system using variable pre-mixer gain and variable post-mixer attenuation to maintain constant RF output signal power level. For those few conversion frequencies where distortion component(s) cannot be filtered without degrading desired signal, IF-RF level exchange is optimized for meeting the carrier-to-distortion (C/D) ratio specifications at slight expense of noise level for that channel only, while still meeting aggregate combined carrier-to-noise (C/N) specification requirements. Optimal apportionment of level exchange for each channel depends on specific frequency rejection capability of spurious components and is matched to filtering capability and stored within non-volatile memory of a microcontroller used in the frequency converter.

Cardiac monitoring and/or stimulation methods and systems that provide one or more of monitoring, diagnosing, defibrillation, and pacing. Cardiac signal separation is employed for automatic capture verification using cardiac activation sequence information. Devices and methods sense composite cardiac signals using implantable electrodes. A source separation is performed using the composite signals. One or more signal vectors are produced that are associated with all or a portion of one or more cardiac activation sequences based on the source separation. A cardiac response to the pacing pulses is classified using characteristics associated with cardiac signal vectors and the signals associated with the vectors. Further embodiments may involve classifying the cardiac response as capture or non-capture, fusion or intrinsic cardiac activity. The characteristics may include an angle or an angle change of the cardiac signal vectors, such as a predetermined range of angles of the one or more cardiac signal vectors.

A haptic feedback device includes a signal generation module configured to output a composite signal representable by a carrier signal and an envelope signal. The signal generation module includes a microcontroller capable of being programmed such that the carrier signal falls within a resonance frequency band of the haptic feedback device. The haptic feedback device also includes a user interface device, and a transducer configured to impart haptic force to the user interface device in response to the composite signal. A tactile mapping submodule, a duration mapping submodule, and an attack/decay mapping submodule may also be included. The tactile mapping submodule enables compensation for haptic output at different positions on the haptic feedback device, whereas the duration and attack/decay submodules enable prevention of unwanted audio output.

Road noise is reduced without locally storing noise spectrum patterns for determination or without detecting the present position of a vehicle from the device. An in-vehicle hands-free device causes a cellular phone to detect the present position of the vehicle and transmit the position to a server. The server determines a noise spectrum pattern corresponding to the road surface on which the vehicle is presently running. The noise spectrum pattern is based on the present position of the vehicle received from the in-vehicle hands-free device and road information. The server transmits the noise spectrum pattern to the in-vehicle hands-free device whereupon a noise canceling signal is superimposed on a received signal. The noise canceling signal is based on an inverted noise spectrum pattern that is obtained by inverting the phase of the noise spectrum pattern. The resulting composite signal is output from a speaker.

A communication device for simultaneously transmitting information on multiple sub-channels encodes information for each of the multiple sub-channels with a coding scheme to produce channel encoded information. A mask vector derived from a redundancy in the coding scheme, encodes the channel encoded information to transform the channel encoded information into codewords having pairwise Euclidean distance properties identical to those of the channel encoded information, Modulation of the sub-channels in accordance with the codewords in a modulator then produces a composite signal envelope having a peak-to-mean error power ratio (PMEPR) reduced relative to a PMEPR for correspondingly modulated channel encoded information.

A method of driving an electroluminescent (EL) display having a plurality of light-emitting display elements having outputs that change with time or use, comprising the steps of: a) providing an external image signal with a first image aspect ratio; b) providing an EL display having light-emitting display elements formed in a two-dimensional array having a second display aspect ratio different from the first image aspect ratio; c) driving all of the two-dimensional array of display elements with a composite signal comprising the external image signal and an internal aging signal, wherein a subset of the display elements is driven by the external image signal and the remainder of the display elements that are not driven by the external image signal are driven with the internal aging signal; and d) changing the location of the subset of display elements within the two-dimensional array driven by the external image signal over time.

Methods, systems and computer programs are configured to determine the presence of and/or a measurement for a plurality of constituents in a composite signal with closely correlated chemical constituents having overlapping signal lineshapes extending about a spectrum of interest obtained from a target sample undergoing analysis.