A high performance imaging 
system for diffuse 
optical tomography is disclosed. A dense grid utilizing sources, e.g., light emitting diodes (“LEDs”), that achieve high performance at high speed with a 
high dynamic range and low inter-channel 
crosstalk are complemented by a 
system of discrete, isolated receivers, e.g., avalanche photodiodes (“
APDs”). The source channels have dedicated reconfigurable encoding control signals, and the 
detector channels have reconfigurable decoding, allowing maximum flexibility and optimal mixtures of frequency and time encoding and decoding. Each 
detector channel is analyzed by dedicated, isolated, high-bandwidth 
receiver circuitry so that no 
channel gain switching is necessary. The resulting improvements to DOT 
system performance, e.g., increased 
dynamic range and decreased 
crosstalk, enable higher density imaging arrays and provide significantly enhanced DOT 
image quality. A processor can be utilized to provide sophisticated three 
dimensional modeling as well as 
noise reduction.