The invention discloses a power supply management system for an exoskeleton robot. The power supply management system comprises a battery pack, a circuit protection module, a power supply conditioning module, a safety isolation module, a parameter detection module, a battery protection module and a communication interface module. The fluctuation voltage output by the battery is converted into stable electric energy by the power supply conditioning circuit, wherein the stable electric energy satisfies voltage, power and other power supply requirements of a control system, a sensing system and a driving system; the state information of the voltage, current, power consumption/temperature and the like of each system module of the exoskeleton robot is monitored in real time by the parameter detection module; through overtemperature, overcurrent and overdischarge emergency treatment, the state parameters of each system module are displayed through an upper computer monitoring platform; and the safety isolation measures, such as circuit protection, battery protection, signal isolation, noise isolation and the like are adopted in the power supply safety aspect.