This invention discloses a dynamic compensation method for multi-source errors in CNC
machine tools under complex working conditions, belonging to the field of precision control technology for CNC
machine tools. This method constructs a distributed sensor network to collect multi-
physics field data such as temperature field,
cutting force, vibration, and environmental parameters in real time, establishes a geometric-thermal-mechanical
coupling error propagation model, and uses an improved
variational mode decomposition algorithm to achieve high-precision decoupling of multi-source errors. Based on a bidirectional LSTM
deep learning network, dynamic compensation amounts are predicted, and combined with a feedforward-feedback
composite controller and adaptive
coupling matrix adjustment, multi-axis collaborative compensation commands are generated. The
compensation effect is evaluated online using a
laser interferometer, triggering dynamic updates of
model parameters and forming a closed-
loop optimization mechanism. This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional single error compensation, solves the problem of real-time analysis and dynamic suppression of multi-
physics field coupled errors under complex working conditions, significantly improves the
machining accuracy and adaptive capability of CNC
machine tools, and is suitable for high-precision
machining scenarios such as
aerospace precision parts and optical molds.