The invention belongs to the field of rail traffic and relates to a U-shaped rail double-safety running and levitation driving energy-saving mechanism which is suitable for low-medium-speed maglev train double-safety running and levitation driving energy saving. The mechanism is composed of a U-shaped rail 1, a self-locking hydraulic traveling wheel mechanism 2, a connecting frame 3, a train body 4, an air spring 5, a bogie arm 6, a spindle 7, an aluminum sensing plate 8 and levitation magnets 9. By designing a U-shaped rail structure, production efficiency of the U-shaped rail is improved, roller consumption in hot rolling production is reduced, and production cost is lowered. By combining the U-shaped rail structure with the self-locking hydraulic traveling wheel mechanism, a maglev train is enabled to have a magnetic levitation and rubber wheel double-safety running mechanism, levitation-starting energy consumption of the maglev train is reduced remarkably, traction levitation energy consumption is reduced by 10-15%, and energy-saving effect is obvious. Running safety and accident emergency response capability are improved remarkably, and when a full-levitation system is in a failure, driven by a linear motor, a rubber wheel supporting train still can safely get to a target station.