4870results about "Tunnels" patented technology

A method for creating multiple branch wells from a parent well is disclosed. A multiple branching sub is provided for placement at a branching node of a well. Such sub includes a branching chamber and a plurality of branching outlet members. The outlet members during construction of the branching sub, have previously been distorted into oblong shapes so that all of the branching outlet members fit within an imaginary cylinder which is coaxial with and substantially the same radius as the branching chamber. After deployment of the branching sub via a parent casing in the well, a forming tool is lowered to the interior of the sub. The outlet members are extended outwardly by the forming tool and simultaneously formed into substantially round tubes. Next, each outlet member is plugged with cement, after which each branch well is drilled through a respective outlet member. If desired, each branch may be lined with casing and sealed to a branching outlet by means of a casing hanger. A manifold placed in the branching chamber controls the production of each branch well to the parent well.

There are provided high power laser and laser mechanical earth removing equipment, and operations using laser cutting tools having stand off distances. These equipment provide high power laser beams, greater than 1 kW to cut and volumetrically remove targeted materials and to remove laser affected material with gravity assistance, mechanical cutters, fluid jets, scrapers and wheels. There is also provided a method of using this equipment in mining, road resurfacing and other earth removing or working activities.

The invention relates to a construction method for an underground box culvert of an existing railway line which is characterized in that a first-dig last-push construction method is adopted; a temporary beam foundation is firstly constructed and a working pit is dug; a D-shaped temporary beam and a cross beam are erected to reinforce the existing railway line; a foundation pit on the jacking section is dug; the box culvert prefabricated in the working pit is integrally jacked by utilizing a hydraulic jack for the back constructed in advance; and the displacement of the box culvert is controlled by a positioning beam. The invention solves the construction difficulties in the prior art, overcomes the phenomena of head raise, head stab, over head and the like of the box culvert during jacking construction, has the advantages of great technical superiority, line safety guarantee and construction speed acceleration, and is suitable for the box culvert construction of underpasses, bridges and culverts of the existing railway underpass line on railway.

The present invention presents a comprehensive advanced geological detection system carried on a tunnel boring machine. The comprehensive advanced geological detection system includes a multifunctional combination main frame, an induced polarization detection device, a seismic wave detection device, an integrated junction device, a borehole ground penetrating radar detection device and a comprehensive interpretation and decision system; the multifunctional combination main frame includes a time division multiplexing control module, an excitation source control module and a parallel data acquisition module; the excitation source control module outputs trigger signals to the three detection devices respectively, and the three detection devices respectively output measurement data and feedback signals to the time division multiplexing control module through the parallel data acquisition module; and the comprehensive interpretation and decision system supports geological interpretations and decisions through the inversion/migration imaging joint inversion of three detection methods.

The invention discloses a method for exchanging a tool of a shield machine for tunnel construction, which comprises the steps of: (1) soil cabin replacement filling: performing the process of soil cabin replacement filling by using a spiral excavating machine and a slip casting system synchronously working with the spiral excavating machine; (2) advanced slip casting inside the machine: beating a plurality of slip casting pipes into the soil on the upper part of the shield machine from inner to outer inside the shield machine by respectively passing through a plurality of advanced geologic holes and then synchronously injecting cement paste into the soil on the upper part of the shield machine through the slip casting pipes by using a slip casting device till the cement paste cannot be injected any more; (3) cleaning cabin and exchanging tool synchronously: manually cleaning the cement plaster solidified inside the soil cabin and synchronously exchanging the tool mounted on the shield machine; and (4) getting rid of the difficult position of the shield machine and recovering the process. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable design, convenience for operation, low cost, high safety factor, good use effect and capable of solving the problem that the tool cannot be exchanged in the traditional tool exchanging mode under severe tool exchanging conditions.

A mining machine includes a cutting mechanism with an arm, and a substantial weight of more than a thousand pounds attached to the arm. The mining machine also includes a first disc cutter adapted to engage the material to be mined and mounted on a first disc cutter assembly for eccentrically driving the first disc cutter, the first disc cutter assembly being mounted within the substantial weight. The mining machine also includes at least a second disc cutter spaced apart from the first disc cutter assembly and adapted to engage the material to be mined, and mounted on a second disc cutter assembly for eccentrically driving the second disc cutter, the second disc cutter assembly being mounted within the substantial weight.

The invention discloses a method for controlling distortion for deep large diameter shield tunnels to under-pass small diameter tunnels, which pertains to the technical field of tunnel engineering. According to the method, the control range of the stratum loss ratio of newly established tunnels and the optimum value of the support pressure of the shield cut surface are acquired by using the finite-element method; soil pressure in front of the shield cut surface is kept relatively balanced by setting the optimal value of the support pressure, and the support pressure fluctuation range of the cut surface is controlled to range from minus 10kPa to plus 10kPa; the stratum loss ratio of the newly established tunnels is controlled within the allowed range. According to the construction technique measures, a test propelling area is arranged before the shield reaches a cross position. In the area, construction is carried out according to the situation of the existing underground tunnels above; and construction parameters are controlled and regulated to adjust the support pressure, the propulsive velocity and the amount of the grout to be injected in time; the shield passes through the cross position in combination with the optimal values of the construction parameters of the test propelling area. The invention can not only ensure the construction of tunnels to be carried out safely and smoothly, but also minimize the influence of construction on ambient environment.

A test bench for testing a shield machine control system comprises a shield machine function simulation system and a sensing device arranged in the function simulation system, wherein the sensing device is communicated with the shield machine control system to be tested, and the function simulation system can be a physical simulation system, a mathematical simulation system or a combination of the physical simulation system and the mathematical simulation system. The test bench for testing the shield machine control system can completely simulate various functions of various types of shield machines, so as to test the correctness of the shield machine control system in design, assembly and debugging, avoid the risk arising from direct communication with the shield machine when the design of the control system is faulty, and shorten the circle of developing a new machine. Meanwhile, the invention is helpful for optimization and modification of the shield machine control system and remote fault diagnosis on the shield machine operated in a tunnel.

The invention discloses a track and posture composite control method in a shield tunneling process. The method comprises the following steps of: performing control by setting threshold values for a posture and a track; immediately adjusting the posture as long as the posture deviates to exceed the limit even though the track does not reach a deviation correction threshold; solving current positional deviation Si and angular deviation theta I of a shield machine through measurement and calculation when a shield works; continuously propelling the shield machine when the Si is less than or equal to a positional deviation threshold value Scmin of a track and posture composite controller and theta i is less than or equal to an angular deviation threshold value theta cmin of the track and posture composite controller or when the Si is less than or equal to positional allowable deviation Smin of actual tunnel construction and theta i is equal to 0; contrarily, automatically adjusting propelling pressure of a hydraulic cylinder of each sub-region and propelling displacement to simultaneously eliminate the positional deviation and the angular deviation generated in a tunneling process. Thus, an actual tunneling route of the shield machine is controlled within a design axial range of a tunnel, unnecessary overbreak and underbreak are avoided, and the forming quality of the tunnel is improved.

The invention discloses a quick feedback analyzing system in a tunnel constructing process. The system adopts a scheme: understanding currently adopted designing construction parameters; establishing a tunnel excavation three-dimensional finite element numerical grid calculation model; acquiring surrounding rock layering and convergent displacement monitoring information after a tunnel is excavated; establishing a non-linear support vector machine model; fixing an anchoring parameter according to the actual construction parameter, and optimally identifying rock mechanic parameters by adoptinga differential optimization algorithm; optimizing the construction parameter of an anchoring scheme by adopting a differential evolution algorithm; and optimizing the rock mechanic parameters by calling the differential evolution and optimization algorithms to further solve the construction parameter of the anchoring scheme, and outputting the construction parameter of the optimized anchoring scheme as a construction scheme through a computer display screen to guide the constructors to construct. The quick feedback analyzing system ensures that the monitoring information is used for optimizing the anchoring parameter while being used for identifying the surrounding rock parameters, so that the dynamic information construction is improved to a level of quantitative analysis.

The invention discloses a construction method applicable to an intersection between an inclined shaft and a slant hole of a weak surrounding rock tunnel, and the method comprises the following steps that (1) the inclined shaft is dug; (2) the arch part of an inclined shaft section is supported; (3) the vertical central line of a face at the intersection between the inclined shaft and the slant hole serves as a boundary, first a slant hole section on one side of the boundary is dug, and sectional digging is adopted on every side; an area which is enclosed by the arch top of the slant hole, the side walls of the slant hole on both sides and the extended surface of the ramp slope surface of the inclined shaft is a I part; an area which is enclosed by the plane of the intersection line of the ramp slope surface on an inclined shaft digging surface, the side walls of the slant hole on both sides and the extended surface of the ramp slope surface of the inclined shaft is a II part; and an area which is enclosed by the plane of the intersection line of the ramp slope surface on the inclined shaft digging surface, the side walls of the slant hole on both sides and the bottom of the slant hole is a III part; the slant hole section on the other side is dug in a sectional way; (4) supporting and reinforcement are carried out; and (5) inverted arch and lining construction are carried out. According to the method, the deformation of surrounding rock is reduced, some temporary supporting steps are saved on the premise of good safety, so that the procedures are simple, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction progress is improved.

The invention relates to a real-time guide system of a multi-sensor data fusion shield machine, comprising a laser overall meter, a laser target, a first prism, a second prism, a rear-view prism and a computer, wherein the rear-view prism is used for detecting whether the position of the laser overall meter is changed or not in the measuring process; the laser target is used for measuring an attitude angle of the shield machine in real time; the first prism and the second prism are respectively arranged at both ends of the shield machine; the laser overall meter measures coordinates of the first prism, the second prism and a laser target prism under a geodetic coordinate system by emitting lasers; and the computer computes to obtain multigroup attitude angles by combining with attitude angle data measured by the laser target and carries out fusion processing so as to obtain optimized shield machine attitude angles for implementing the real-time guide of the shield machine. The invention can still obtain the shield machine attitude angles when sensors inside the laser target are faulty or positioning prisms are shielded, ensures the continuous measurement and has high measurement accuracy, strong work stability, and the like.

The invention discloses a shield machine balance originating method, which comprises the following steps of: constructing a continuous wall envelope structure in a foundation pit; pouring a guide table in an originating well of the foundation pit; pouring a concrete counterforce wall in the originating well; assembling and debugging a shield machine in the originating well; arranging a first negative ring duct piece in the debugged shield machine, pushing the duct piece out of a shield tail to connect the counterforce wall, and sealing the duct piece; jacking a cutter head of the shield machine to the continuous wall, and backfilling the originating well with a sand layer, a concrete layer and a water layer from bottom to top; grouting in back of the duct piece wall; and performing advancement by the shield machine. Because the shield is backfilled in the well before the shield machine originates advancement, the pressure of water and soil inside and outside the foundation pit is balanced, water and sand are not burst when the shield machine originates advancement, and the safety of the foundation pit and the shield machine can be effectively ensured.

The invention discloses a shield development machine hydraulic advancing system with proportion flow pressure compound control. It includes two bits two-way electromagnetic ball valve, proportion adjusting valve, proportion overflow valve, and three-bit four-way electromagnetic change valve, hydraulic lock, balancing valve, pressure sensor and hydraulic oil cylinder with inner shift sensor. The advancing system uses the proportion adjusting valve to control the advancing speed, uses proportion overflow valve to control the advancing pressure, it realizes the compound control of advancing speed and pressure with proper control tactics. Because the invention uses the compound control technology of the proportion flow pressure, it can realize the control to the advancing speed and advancing pressure in the advancing process of the shield development in real-time, thus realizes the control to the soil barn pressure, stratum stability and the ground sedimentation. The system in the invention can be adapted to each kind of stratums, realizes the control to the posture and direction precisely, the energy-saving effect of the system is good.

The invention relates to a digging method for preventing a strong or strong rock burst on an active face. The technical problem to be solved is to provide an active face strong or strong rock burst prevention digging method capable of effectively reducing the rock burst frequency on the active face and reducing the destructiveness of the rock burst. The method comprises the following specific steps: a, carrying out the shothole arrangement and charging design according to a conventional slotting proposal; b, drilling tunneling shotholes and stress-relief shotholes on the slotted active face; c, charging the tunneling shotholes in a convention mode, and charging the stress-relief shotholes in the 32 mm hole bottom within a deep buried range from 2 to 3m; d, detonating the stress-relief shotholes and the tunneling shotholes in turn; and e, tapping slag, and repeating the steps till the digging is completed. The method is mainly applied to deep buried hard rock tunnel projects for traffic, mining, water conservancy and hydraulic power, and the like.

The invention discloses a multi-adaptive cutter head for a shield machine. The cutter head is provided with four cutter seats, three cutters directly fixed with the cutter head and movable cutters. Each cutter seat comprises a central double-edge hob seat, an exchangeable cutter seat, an inner and outer ring side-mounted cutter seat and a peripheral hob seat. The cutters include a peripheral scraper, an over cutter and a fishtail cutter. A main cutting surface of the cutter head is composed of a single-edge hob inlaid in the peripheral hob seat, a cutting blade in the inner and outer ring side-mounted cutter seat and the fishtail cutter; and a full section cutting cutter assembly is composed of a double-edge hob, a single-edge hob, a cutting blade, a peripheral scraper, an over cutter and a fishtail cutter. The multi-adaptive cutter head solves the problem that cutter replacement wastes time and labor, changes the traditional mounting mode to effectively prolong the service life of the cutter because the whole cutter works under a relatively smaller force, and can properly adjust the kind and the number of the cutters according to different geological conditions to effectively improve the adaptability of the cutter head of the shield machine and increase the efficiency and the quality of the tunnel shield.

The invention relates to hard rock excavation equipment, in particular to a hard rock hydraulic crushing type excavation machine. It integrates the functions of drilling, rock breaking, material collection, transportation, walking and dust removal, and can realize fast and efficient excavation of all-rock roadways above f10 and above. The roadheader includes a running part, a rear support part, a transport part, a main body part, a rock drilling part, a rock breaking part and a shoveling part. Part, the rear part of the body part is provided with a rear support part and a transport part. The invention can solve the problems of low operation efficiency, harsh working environment and the like existing in the prior art. The whole equipment can realize the efficient, safe and high-quality rapid excavation of the whole hard rock roadway, replacing the more dangerous drilling and blasting method commonly used in hard rock excavation and the comprehensive excavation method with low efficiency in hard rock excavation.

The invention provides a real-time sensing system and method of the tunneling rack mass state of a TBM. The method and system is used for solving the problem that an adaptive tunneling scheme cannot be selected due to the fact that the tunneling tunnel rack mass state of the TBM cannot be effectively reflected in real time through existing means. By collecting hard-rock tunnel TBM tunneling parameters and corresponding rock mass state parameter data, a data storehouse module is built; step-by-step regression is adopted, a rock-machine relationship sensing model is built, and a clustering algorithm is adopted to achieve rock mass quality grading and form a calculation module kernel; in a model calculation module, by reading current tunneling parameters of the TBM in a tunneling project, back calculation is conducted to obtain rock mass state information, and the rock mass state information is displayed on a TBM upper computer visible interface in a real-time output and display module inreal time. By means of the system and method, the deficiencies of difficult obtaining of traditional rock mass condition parameters, backward means and unknown rock mass state in front of the tunnelface are made up for; energy consumption of the TBM is reduced, the equipment and personnel safety is guaranteed, the tunneling efficiency of the TBM is improved, and the safe efficient tunneling capability of the TBM is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a multi-punch pin special push pipe of push pipe construction machinery, which includes a casing of the special push pipe, a muddy water bin on the left side and a working chamber on the right side, wherein a hydraulic oil cylinder A and a hydraulic Oil cylinder B are both arranged in the working chamber, other excavating mechanisms are all arranged in the muddy water bin, the working chamber and the muddy water bin are separated by a bin separation board, an output shaft A at the left end of the hydraulic oil cylinder A is connected with a connecting rod A, the left end of the connecting rod A is provided with a plurality of drill rods A, an output shaft at the left end of the hydraulic oil cylinder B is connected with a connecting rod B, the left end of the connecting rod B is provided with a plurality of drill rods B, the drill rods A and the drill rods B are arranged at intervals, left ends of both the drill rods A and the drill rods B are provided with punch pins, two stopping blocks are arranged on each punch pin, two wing plates are arranged on the right end of each stopping block, and one ends of every two wing plates are hinged onto the corresponding drill rod through a hinged shaft. According to the invention, the plurality of punch pins A and the plurality of punch pins B are arranged at intervals, so that push pipes in various shapes can be formed.

The invention relates to an alloy for a cutter ring of a disk type hobbing cutter, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.4-0.46% of C, 0.45-1.0% of Si, 0.48-0.74% of Mn, 1.3-5.4% of Cr, 0.4-1.4% of Mo, 0.86-1.33% of V, 0.06-0.54% of Nb, 0-0.05% of Al, 0-3% of Ni, no more than 0.009% of S, no more than 0.03% of P and the balance of Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing vacuum induction smelting on the raw materials, casting, forging, performing spheroidal annealing, performing gas carburization, performing vacuum quenching, and performing double tempering. The carburized layer of the prepared cutter ring of a disk type hobbing cutter is 1mm thick, the surface hardness of the carburized layer can be up to 60-63HRC, the internal average hardness is higher than 55HRC, and the impact toughness aku is up to 15-22J/cm<2>; and the shield cutter ring is high in hardness and favorable in toughness.

The invention relates to a testing method for laying ballastless tracks in the early stage before overall completion of a super long tunnel. In the traditional tunnel construction method, a tunnel is dug in two directions both from the left cave and the right cave; and tracks are laid after the tunnel is finished; and the traditional construction method has the disadvantages of low construction progress, long construction period, low efficiency and risks of potential safety hazards. In the invention, multiple inclined shafts are arranged along the direction of a main cave; with the inclined shafts as a boundaries, the main cave construction is carried out in two directions by sections and the ballastless tracks are laid before the cave is dug through; a horizontal control network and a vertical control network are established to carry out measurement and data acquisition, the mathematical model of curve fitting is used to carry out centerline fitting so as to confirm the deviation between a through centerline and a theoretical centerline and carry out assessment to determine theoretical position of the centerline of sections dug through latterly; tracks of the through sections arelaid according to the fitted centerline, the sections under construction are measured and guided according to the fitted centerline to ensure that the centerline of the sections dug through latterly is consistent to the centerline of the sections with tracks laid. The method greatly accelerates construction progress and ensures smoothness and collinearity of the tracks laid in the early stage.

The invention relates to a tool pan back-loading type device for changing a tool of a slurry-balanced shield machine under normal pressure, which is applied to the technical field of shield machine engineering machinery. The tool pan back-loading type device for changing the tool of the slurry-balanced shield machine under normal pressure comprises a tool bit, a first seal ring, a tool post, a tool bit fixing sleeve, a tool bit fixing bolt, a tool bar, a cylindrical gate, a grease injection valve, a flushing valve, a third seal ring, a fourth seal ring, a bearing, a large end cover, an oil cylinder and the like; when the tool is in the working state, the tool bit is fixed on the tool bar through the tool bit fixing sleeve and the tool bit fixing bolt; the first seal ring is mounted at thefront end of the tool bar, and the tool bar is matched with the front end of the tool post and is sealed through the first seal ring; the tool bar is fixed on the tool post by the rear end of the tool bar and the tool post through a first fixing screw; the cylindrical gate is fixed on the tool post through the bearing and the large end cover; the grease injection valve and the flushing valve are installed on the tool post; and a serial number is arranged between the cylindrical gate and the tool post. The tool pan back-loading type device for changing the tool of the slurry-balanced shield machine under normal pressure has the advantages of simple structure, reliable working, and capability of conveniently and quickly changing a worn tool under normal pressure (atmospheric pressure) in the shield construction process.

The invention belongs to the field of tunneling in geotechnical engineering and underground engineering, and particularly relates to a centrifugal experimental simulation testing device for surface subsidence induced by city shield tunnel construction. The testing device mainly comprises a model box, a small displacement meter bracket, a big displacement meter bracket, a tunnel excavation device, a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) displacement meter and the like, wherein the model box is a hollow cuboid; the small displacement meter bracket and the big displacement meter bracket adjust the LVDT displacement meter along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the surface subsidence and the soil layer deformation can be measured; and the tunnel excavation device can simulate the soil body deformation caused by stratum loss by discharging a certain volume of water. Through the device, the deformation influence of the city shield tunnel construction on surrounding soil layer can be more conveniently, really and effectively simulated, so more real and accurate experimental data can be provided for tunnel design and construction, and high efficiency and safety of the city shield tunnel construction are guaranteed.

The invention relates to a support-type comprehensive tunneler which comprises a non-tracked tunneler, a tunneler chassis, a left hydraulic support, a right hydraulic support, a drilling rig and scraper conveyors, wherein the tunneler is arranged on the tunneler chassis, and two advancing jacks are arranged on the tunneler chassis; the other ends of the two advancing jacks are respectively connected with the left hydraulic support and the right hydraulic support, and the two sides of the tunneler chassis are respectively provided with a lateral pushing oil cylinder; forestopes of the left andright hydraulic supports are respectively provided with a group of metal mesh storages, and the tail of a main top beam of the support is hung with the drilling rig; the tail of a first scraper conveyor is arranged on a spade plate of the tunneler, and the head of the first scraper conveyor and the tail of a second scraper conveyor are overlapped; and the head of the second scraper conveyor and the tail of a belt loader are overlapped, and sleds are arranged at the back of the two hydraulic supports. The tunneler has the advantage that the drilling support and the coal cutting of the tunnelerare simultaneously carried out, and also has the automatic lapping function, thus reducing labor intensity and increasing the coal mining efficiency by over 4 times.

The invention relates to a method for real-time automatic correcting the figure of shield, and relative device, belonging to the shield driven technique. It is characterized in that: using the full-station device in the tunnel to automatically detect the spatial positions of three objects in the shield; using the program based on the spatial vector theory to automatically calculate the shield figure parameters. There are two shield figure automatic correction modes: pressure section control mode and jack group control mode, and it uses special shield figure automatic correction software to control the figure of shield. The invention can avoid the defect that correcting the axes with manual work with big vibration, to improve the operation quality, shorten working period, reduce the labor, decrease working strength and apply on-site management.

The present invention provides a hard rock TBM boring control parameter intelligent decision method and system. The method comprises the establishment of an engineering database, the establishment ofa rock-machine mutual feedback model and an intelligent control decision model based on the engineering database, the model parameter output, display and updating, an automatic/manual boring parametercontrol method and a model self-learning and self-updating algorithm, and the system comprises an engineering database unit, a rock-machine mutual feedback model unit, an intelligent control decisionmodel unit, a model parameter output real-time display module, an automatic/manual boring parameter control module, and a model self-learning and self-updating unit. According to the present invention, the rock-machine mutual feedback model predicts the state parameter of a current surrounding rock and senses the boring environment of a TBM real-timely according to the operation parameters of theequipment, the intelligent control decision model predicts an optimal control boring parameter according to the current boring environment, and adjusts the current boring parameter timely according to the control boring parameter to adapt to the current boring environment, thereby keeping the safe, efficient and stable boring.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and relates to a shield tunneling machine for a tunnel connecting passageway and a connecting passageway tunneling method of the shield tunneling machine. The shield tunneling machine comprises a start end supporting walking platform and a receiving end supporting walking platform which are respectively arranged on material transportation rails in two main tunnels, a shield tunneling machine main unit, a counterforce supporting frame and a main tunnel supporting assembly which are respectively arranged on the start end supporting walking platform and a corresponding main tunnel duct piece, and a start end socket sealing assembly and a receiving end socket sealing assembly which are respectively arranged at the start end and the receiving end of the connecting passageway, wherein a duct piece hanging assembly is arranged on the start end supporting walking platform; a jacking tunneling assembly is arranged between the counterforce supporting frame and the shield tunneling machine main unit. The shield tunneling machine can realize automatically mechanical excavation; the labor intensity is greatly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, equipment construction is stable, and the efficiency is high; settling of the ground is effectively controlled, and the construction risk is reduced.

The invention relates to a construction method of a connecting channel by a double-row hole horizontal freezing method. The method comprises the following steps: freezing parameters are defined; frozen holes are arranged and drilled; a freezing system is mounted and operated; the connecting channel is constructed and excavated; injected slurry is unfrozen and thawed initiatively, artificially and compulsively combining construction monitoring and natural unfreezing; in the method, at the time of natural unfreezing, hot brine circulates in the frozen holes, frozen soil is unfrozen compulsively in means of area separation, and the unfreezing is carried out from down to up; thaw settlement grouting is carried out by a pre-buried injection pipe, and the grouting is carried out from down to up; the frozen holes are arranged in a row of outer holes and a row of inner holes; the length of the holes is subject to the length reaching a side duct piece, the way of holing on the two sides is applied; the connecting channel is excavated in the way of dynamic excavation, namely the heading and constructing of two main tunnels are operated simultaneously. The method efficiently controls the stability of the mouth of a cave in the process of excavation and the sedimentation of the connecting channel and the two main tunnels, and has the advantage of saving the construction period, therefore, the method is applicable for the freezing construction of the connecting channel of various soft soil layers.

The invention discloses a comprehensive dredging machine. The comprehensive dredging machine comprises a crawler-free type dredging machine, a hydraulic support, a drilling machine, a scraper conveyor, a runner and the like. The upper end of the hydraulic support is provided with a main top beam, a front canopy, a back canopy and a cross beam; the dredging machine is arranged on a foundation; thefront and rear ends of the foundation are provided with a slope regulation jack respectively; one end of a front pushing and pulling jack is connected with the foundation of the dredging machine, andthe other end of the front pushing and pulling jack is connected with the hydraulic support; the rear of the dredging machine is provided with a self-advancing jack, and two sides of the foundation are provided with a side push cylinder respectively; and the drilling machine is arranged below the main top beam or the back canopy; and the runner is arranged behind the hydraulic support and is connected with a rear push and pull jack arranged on the hydraulic support by an anchor chain and a pulley. The comprehensive dredging machine has the advantages of parallel operation of hole drilling andsupporting, and coal cutting of a development machine, a roadway turns flexibly, the turning radius is small, the turning speed is high, the tunneling speed is high, and the safety is guaranteed.

Disclosed is a waist-form tunnel boring machine. A first impact cutter bar is arranged on the upper portions of a first spindle and a second spindle, a first square shaft and a second square shaft are fixed on the right of the first impact cutter bar, the right end of the first square shaft and the right end of the second square shaft are fixed at the front end and the rear end of a first rectangular plate respectively, the middle of the first rectangular plate is provided with a rectangular hole, a first pin shaft is inserted into the rectangular hole, the lower end of the first pin shaft is fixed on the radius of a first wheel, the circular center of the first wheel is fixed on a first auxiliary shaft, and a second pin shaft is inserted into the other end of the rectangular hole. A second impact cutter bar is arranged on the lower portions of the first spindle and the second spindle, a third square shaft and a fourth square shaft are fixed on the right of the second impact cutter bar, the right end of the third square shaft and the right end of the fourth square shaft are fixed at the front end and the right end of a second rectangular plate respectively, the second rectangular plate is provided with a rectangular hole in the middle, a third pin shaft is inserted into the rectangular hole and fixed on the radius of a third wheel, the circular center of the third wheel is fixed on a third auxiliary shaft, and a fourth pin shaft is inserted into the other end of the rectangular hole.