The invention relates to a device for testing wear resistance of a disc cutter of a TBM (tunnel boring machine). The device comprises a base (1), a reaction frame (2), a vertical hydraulic cylinder (3), vertical guide rods (4), a vertical stress cushion block (5), a bearing (6), a cutter-like body (7), a cutter ring fixture (8), a cutter ring sample (9), a model case (10), a rock sample (11), a model case fixing block (12), transverse slides (13), a transverse hydraulic cylinder (14) and a test system, wherein the transverse hydraulic cylinder (14) drives the rock sample (11) to reciprocate in a horizontal plane, the vertical hydraulic cylinder (3) drives the cutter ring sample (9) to move up and down in a vertical plant, the cutter ring sample (9) reciprocates along with the rock sample (11) to realize reciprocating rolling, and the wear resistance of the cutter ring sample is tested through the test system. Compared with the prior art, the device can test the wear resistance of different cutter rings and can test effects caused by different factors on wear to the cutter rings.