84 results about "Lateral displacement" patented technology

The invention discloses a non-contact local curvature measurement method and system based on a computational metasurface, and the method comprises the steps: S1, phase modulation: carrying out the phase modulation of an incident light field carrying the information of a to-be-measured object through an optical computational metasurface, so as to generate transverse displacement light field distribution related to the contour of the to-be-measured object; s2, signal extraction: separating and extracting a first-order differential signal carrying the edge information of the object to be measured by using a biorthogonal polarization filtering system; s3, reconstructing a three-dimensional shape: reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of the object to be measured according to the first-order differential signal; and S4, curvature calculation: calculating the curvature radius of any local part of the object to be measured according to the three-dimensional shape. The optical calculation metasurface is combined with a biorthogonal polarization filtering system, differential operation of a light field is achieved, the edge contour of an intensity object and the three-dimensional shape of a phase object can be obtained without difference, and therefore non-contact and high-precision measurement of the curvature of the object is achieved, the problem of physical damage of traditional contact type measurement is solved, and the measurement accuracy is improved. And the detection efficiency and adaptability are improved.

The invention discloses a cast-in-place concrete beam construction method based on deformation control, and relates to the field of cast-in-place beam construction. S2, foundation treatment; s3, a support is erected and pre-pressed; s4, a formwork is installed; s5, steel bars and prestressed pipelines are installed; s6, concrete construction; and S7, removing the bracket. BIM modeling and an intelligent monitoring system are combined, the foundation treatment range is expanded, an automatic drainage system is arranged, edge settlement and rainwater soaking are effectively avoided, a support system is selected according to needs, anti-sidesway design is strengthened, stress is accurately simulated through graded automatic loading and pre-pressing, reliable deformation data are ensured through double monitoring, pre-camber calculation is scientific, errors are reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. Formwork, reinforcing steel bars and prestressed pipelines are installed in a standard mode, the structural quality is guaranteed, concrete construction pays attention to temperature control and maintenance, crack reduction and support dismantling are symmetrically carried out in a grading mode, the springback amount is monitored in real time, and construction safety is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a deep foundation pit lateral displacement calculation method and device, electronic equipment, a medium and a program product. The method comprises the steps that a complete foundation pit BIM model is established based on a BIM family model of each foundation pit engineering component; based on the foundation pit BIM model, determining a calculation model under each excavation step, and based on the calculation model under each excavation step, obtaining a node load matrix under the corresponding excavation step and a stiffness matrix under the corresponding excavation step; and on the basis of the node load matrix under each excavation step and the rigidity matrix under each excavation step, the deformation increment of the supporting structure under each excavation step is obtained, the deformation increments of the supporting structures under each excavation step are overlapped in sequence, and foundation pit supporting deformation under each excavation step is obtained. Therefore, the problems that a full-model finite element analysis mode adopted in the prior art is high in calculation cost and low in efficiency are solved, and the convenience and accuracy of foundation pit lateral displacement deformation prediction work are greatly improved.

The invention discloses a monocular four-dimensional imaging device and method based on a metasurface. The monocular four-dimensional imaging device comprises an image sensor and an imaging optical system arranged in front of the image sensor. Wherein the imaging optical system comprises a metasurface, the metasurface is designed to simultaneously generate a self-acceleration Airy point spread function with depth-dependent lateral displacement for incident left-hand circularly polarized light and right-hand circularly polarized light, and the self-acceleration Airy point spread function can generate a self-acceleration Airy point spread function with depth-dependent lateral displacement under the condition that a mechanical moving part is not used. Carrying out polarization separation and focusing on the left-hand circularly polarized light and the right-hand circularly polarized light; the image sensor is used for recording a mixed image containing the left-hand circularly polarized light information and the right-hand circularly polarized light information at the same time through single exposure so as to obtain three-dimensional depth and polarization information of the metasurface, namely monocular four-dimensional imaging of the metasurface. The scene perception and understanding capability of a machine is greatly enhanced, and the method has unique advantages in the aspects of target identification, material discrimination, severe environment perception and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering equipment, in particular to a rigidity and energy dissipation adjustable composite energy dissipation bearing device which comprises a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a first damping part and a second damping part. The first damping piece is arranged on the first connecting plate on the column body in a friction sliding mode, and the second damping piece is connected between the beam body and the first damping piece in an included angle mode, so that the flexural rigidity of the beam-column joint can be effectively improved under the action of frequent earthquakes, and the initial rigidity and lateral displacement resistance of the structure are enhanced; the rigid response performance of the structure under the action of small earthquakes is improved; the second damping piece can adjust the energy dissipation path through the change of the included angle between the length direction of the second damping piece and the axis of the column body in the earthquake action process, the friction sliding mechanism of the first damping piece is matched, the energy dissipation capacity of the joint under the earthquake action is effectively improved, and therefore structural stress concentration is reduced, and structural damage is delayed. The structure is light in weight, convenient to install and wide in application range.

The invention belongs to the technical field related to tunnel anti-seismic analysis, and discloses a green function analytical method and equipment for rayleigh wave dynamic coupling response of an interval tunnel in an inclined field. The method comprises the steps that S1, soil deformation and displacement in the x direction and the y direction caused by Rayleigh wave propagation are converted into tunnel equivalent seismic loads in the x direction and the y direction through a viscoelastic geobasic structure model; s2, a Timoshenko beam model on a viscoelastic Pasternak foundation is adopted to establish a partial differential equation set for controlling axial and transverse dynamic displacement responses of longitudinal discrete units of the interval tunnel; s3, deducing four Green functions representing the bidirectional dynamic coupling response of the tunnel in combination with a Green function method and an artificial spring boundary; and S4, performing integral operation on the Green function by using a superposition principle, and introducing an exponential function term containing time t to obtain axial displacement and transverse displacement of the tunnel and corresponding axial and transverse dynamic coupling response coefficients. According to the invention, the solving efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an optimization method of a low-loss bending waveguide, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adopting NA bending as a basic bending path, determining two optimal boundary NA curves for a given equivalent bending radius Reff, and forming a width gradually-changed NA bending waveguide structure; lateral shift amounts din and dout are introduced into the input end and the output end of the constructed NA bending waveguide structure with the gradually-changed width respectively, and optimal lateral shift amounts din and dout are obtained through step-by-step parameter scanning and simulation optimization; and based on the optimal lateral shift amounts din and dout, obtaining a curved waveguide structure combining an NA curved path, width gradient and a specific lateral shift parameter. According to the method, the mode mismatch loss and the radiation loss can be remarkably reduced at the same time for the NA bending waveguide with the ultra-small radius, and the total transmission loss of the bending waveguide is further reduced on the basis of the prior art.

The utility model discloses a novel purline device for a photovoltaic power generation project, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and aims to solve the technical problems that the conventional purline device is poor in transverse fixing effect and easy to displace, and comprises a purline main body. Through the designed structures such as the tooth grooves, the transverse positioning blocks and the circular truncated cone end heads, when the fixing bolts penetrate through the solar cell panel and are connected with the hexagonal thread sleeve in a screwing manner, the circular truncated cone end heads at the bottom ends of the fixing bolts push the two groups of transverse positioning blocks to move oppositely along with the penetration of the fixing bolts into the hexagonal thread sleeve; at the moment, a triangular positioning strip of the transverse positioning block can be directly clamped into a corresponding tooth groove in a wingceltis strip main body, so that transverse positioning of the hexagonal thread sleeve is realized, the hexagonal thread sleeve cannot move transversely, and the fixing effect of a fixing bolt and the hexagonal thread sleeve on the solar cell panel is greatly ensured; therefore, the situation of transverse displacement after the solar cell panel is installed and fixed can be effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a deformation monitoring system for a vertical supporting body of a foundation pit in a hydraulic reclamation area, which relates to the technical field of deformation monitoring and comprises a multi-source signal acquisition module, a dynamic environment acquisition module, a fusion identification module, a dynamic analysis module and a dynamic early warning module. Millisecond-level deformation signal capture is achieved, five key parameters including axial strain, lateral displacement, soil pressure, pore water pressure and water level are synchronously collected, the blind area problem of single-index monitoring is solved, the safety coefficient K is corrected by calculating a comprehensive deformation value Q and then introducing a pore water pressure change rate U3 and a water level change rate W3, the data fusion efficiency is improved, and the data fusion precision is improved. The problem of data islands is solved, multi-stage response is triggered according to the K value, regulation and control equipment and personnel evacuation are linked, the early warning response efficiency is improved, and the engineering defense value of the deformation monitoring system under the complex working condition of the hydraulic reclamation area is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure engineering construction, in particular to a super-long independent steel column segmented locking type temporary stabilizing device and a construction method thereof, and is suitable for the overall lifting stage of a multi-layer aerial corridor. The device comprises a first locking assembly surrounding a concrete column and providing an X-direction lateral fulcrum; the second locking assembly is fixedly connected to the surface of the steel column to form a force transmission interface; and the connecting conversion assembly connects the steel column and the concrete column into a whole, so that the X-direction load of the steel column is transmitted to the concrete column in sections. The super-long steel columns are temporarily decomposed into short column stress sections with the length not larger than the designed length, and lateral displacement is remarkably restrained. The construction method comprises the steps that the device is installed at the corridor joint, pre-tightening force is synchronously applied, displacement is monitored in real time, overall dismantling is conducted after lifting is completed, and no residue exists after dismantling. The method is not pre-buried and fully recycled, super-long columns are restored to be in a short column stress state, lateral displacement is reduced, steel is saved, the construction period is shortened, green construction and appearance completeness are both considered, and the method is suitable for a large-span corridor overall lifting project.

The present invention discloses a high-precision detection and calculation method for the optical reflection center and mechanical deflection center of a precision rotating mirror. In the present invention, by adjusting the direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser, and simultaneously controlling the precision rotating mirror to perform a sinusoidal scanning rotation, the corresponding change in the lateral displacement of the beam is calculated, so as to determine the target incident angle at which the measuring beam is incident on the precision rotating mirror; at the target incident angle, the laser beam emitted by the laser or the precision rotating mirror is translated, and simultaneously the precision rotating mirror is controlled to perform a sinusoidal scanning rotation, the corresponding change in the longitudinal optical path of the optical path is calculated, and the position of the optical reflection center of the precision rotating mirror is detected by using the change in the longitudinal optical path of the optical path and the change in the lateral displacement of the beam, and further the position of the mechanical deflection center of the precision rotating mirror is detected. The present invention can achieve high-precision detection of the positions of the optical reflection center and mechanical deflection center of the precision rotating mirror, and effectively reduce the optical path error.

The utility model relates to the technical field of pipe gallery structure, and in particular to a structure for increasing the lateral displacement resistance of a comprehensive pipe gallery, wherein the bottom of the pipe gallery segment is provided with steps extending to both sides, and a reinforced concrete reinforcement ring is provided at the deformation joint position between adjacent pipe gallery segments, and the reinforced concrete reinforcement ring is matched with the outer contour shape and size of the pipe gallery segment and covers the deformation joint position and extends to the part of the pipe gallery segment on both sides, and the bottom ends of the reinforced concrete reinforcement ring are supported on the steps provided at the bottom of the pipe gallery segment. The advantages of the utility model are: it can ensure the stability and safety of the main structure of the pipe gallery, avoid damage to the main structure of the pipe gallery during the process of pulling out the PC steel pipe piles for foundation pit support, and ensure the quality of the project; the structure is simple and reasonable, the construction is convenient, and it is suitable for promotion.

The invention discloses a design method of a hinge type curved pipe pressure balance type expansion joint based on CAESAR II, and relates to the technical field of simulation of expansion joints in CAESAR II. The method comprises the steps that an expansion joint body pipe section of the hinge type curved pipe pressure balance type expansion joint is established in a CAESAR II according to initial design parameters, a hinge model comprising multiple sections of hinge plates connected in sequence is established in the radial direction of the expansion joint body pipe section, and a pin shaft is simulated by applying a first constraint to the connecting position of every two adjacent hinge plates, establishing a simulation model of the hinge type curved pipe pressure balance type expansion joint; performing displacement analysis on the simulation model to obtain an axial displacement value and a transverse displacement value; and updating the simulation model based on the process design parameters, and carrying out iteration. The technical problems that according to a traditional method, only a whole rigid body structure can be adopted for simple simulation, the real mechanical behavior of the expansion joint cannot be reflected, the displacement response of the expansion joint is seriously shifted from the actual physical state, and design of materials, structural parameters and the like of the expansion joint is not accurate are solved.

The invention provides a bow and arrow side pad with position and speed measurement, which comprises a protective shell in a hollow column shape and used for being detachably mounted on a bow handle through threads, and a measuring assembly detachably accommodated in the protective shell and used for measuring the position and speed of an arrow, comprising a measuring shell, a control panel, a light wave emitting sensor, a light wave receiving sensor and a wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module is used for wirelessly transmitting measured data to external electronic equipment, and an adjusting assembly is arranged in the protective shell; wherein the measuring shell is in sliding fit with the protective shell, so that the measuring assembly can generate lateral displacement under the action of the adjusting assembly. According to the invention, the core function of applying accurate lateral force to the arrow through the adjusting assembly is reserved, and automatic acquisition and wireless transmission of the to-be-launched position and the departure initial speed of the arrow are synchronously completed through a built-in light wave sensing and wireless transmission system on the premise that the normal operation process of a shooter is not interfered at all.

This invention relates to the field of pile foundation testing, and more particularly to a pile foundation testing device and method for civil engineering construction. The device includes a tamping apparatus for testing the pile body and testing components. In this invention, when the pile body tilts, the light spot undergoes vertical and / or lateral displacement on the receiving plane. If the tilt causes the light spot to move upward or downward, it may partially or completely enter the light aperture range of adjacent adjustment apertures. For example, when the top of the pile tilts to the right, due to the clockwise rotation of the transmitting end, the projection point of the 45° beam moves upward on the receiving end plane. The light spot originally illuminating the middle adjustment aperture may simultaneously cover the edge of the light aperture of one or two upper adjustment apertures. If the tilt angle is large, the center of the light spot may completely move out of the original aperture and into the adjacent aperture area, or even cross multiple apertures. Therefore, the tilt amount of the pile body can be determined by monitoring the number of infrared receivers that have sensed infrared radiation.

The invention relates to the technical field of film coating optics, in particular to a compensation method for transverse displacement and phase drift of a multilayer film surface, and the method specifically comprises the steps: S1, determining a corresponding spatial frequency according to an incident field of incident light at an incident position x, and calculating a reflection coefficient corresponding to the spatial frequency through a scattering matrix; s2, according to the phase corresponding to the reflection coefficient, transverse displacement and phase drift generated on the surface of the multi-layer film when the incident light is reflected in the multi-layer film are obtained; and S3, substituting the incident field, the reflection coefficient, the lateral displacement and the phase drift into the proposed compensation model to obtain a reflection field. According to the method, homeomorphic Fourier transform and a plane wave angular spectrum theory are used for deducing a compensation model of transverse displacement and phase drift of reflection rays of geometric rays on the top surface of the multilayer film, the calculation precision is effectively improved, and the calculation complexity is obviously lower than that of a traditional plane wave angular spectrum method adopting strict Fourier transform; and no obvious difference exists in calculation results.

The utility model discloses a mounting structure of a red light emitter, the red light emitter is used on a sighting device, the sighting device is provided with an outer shell, the outer shell comprises a fixed shell, and the red light emitter is arranged in the fixed shell; the fixing shell is arranged on the clamping sleeve; the transverse adjusting assemblies are arranged at the left end and the right end of the clamping sleeve correspondingly, and the transverse adjusting assemblies are connected with the side wall of the fixing shell in a matched mode so as to adjust transverse displacement of the fixing shell; and the vertical adjusting assemblies are arranged at the left end and the right end of the clamping sleeve correspondingly, and the vertical adjusting assemblies are connected with the shell in a matched mode so as to correct and adjust the vertical displacement and / or the transverse displacement of the clamping sleeve. The device is simple in structure and reasonable in design, and the mounting position of the red light emitter can be effectively and properly adjusted, so that the use experience of a user is further improved.

The invention relates to the field, in particular to pile foundation detection equipment for civil engineering construction and a detection method, the pile foundation detection equipment comprises a tamping device used for detecting a foundation pile body and a detection assembly, and in the pile foundation detection equipment, when the foundation pile body inclines, light spots generate vertical and / or transverse displacement on a receiving plane. If the light spot moves upwards or downwards due to inclination, part or all of the light spot possibly enters the range of the light through hole of the adjacent adjusting aperture. For example, when the top of a foundation pile inclines rightwards, the whole transmitting end rotates clockwise, the projection point of a 45-degree light beam moves upwards on the plane of the receiving end, and light spots originally irradiated on the middle adjusting aperture may cover the edges of light through holes of one or two adjusting apertures above at the same time; if the inclination angle is large, the center of the light spot may completely move out of the original through hole, enter an adjacent through hole area and even cross a plurality of through holes, and therefore the inclination amount of the foundation pile body can be judged according to the number, monitored by the terminal, of the infrared receiving ends which sense infrared rays.

The invention provides a polarization-insensitive tunable light beam deflector based on cascade metasurfaces, and relates to the technical field of optics. The polarization-insensitive tunable light beam deflector sequentially comprises a first-layer metasurface, an air gap and a second-layer metasurface from bottom to top, the first-layer metasurface and the second-layer metasurface are both composed of elliptical nano-column arrays which are periodically arranged; the lateral displacement dx of the second layer of metasurface relative to the first layer of metasurface in the x direction and the lateral displacement dy of the second layer of metasurface in the y direction are adjusted in a mechanical mode, the total phase distribution of the cascade metasurface is changed to generate a phase gradient, and continuous deflection scanning of an emergent light beam in a two-dimensional space is achieved. The polarization-insensitive metasurface unit structure is realized by adopting the elliptical nano-columns. The nanorods are rotated by 45 degrees, so that the unit structures have the same regulation and control capability under x and y polarization, and the problem that a traditional anisotropic structure is sensitive to the polarization state of incident light is solved.

This invention provides a dual-platform absorbing tip transverse positioning system, installed on the floor of an anechoic chamber to simulate different radio wave environments. The system consists of two parallel hydraulic platforms with densely arranged absorbing tips on them, and a raised floor is mounted on the hydraulic platforms. The hydraulic platforms are driven by hydraulic cylinders to lift and lower scissor supports. Sprockets are located at both ends of the platforms, driven by chains, and a transverse motor is also provided. The motor drives the sprockets through gear engagement, causing the absorbing tips on the platforms to move laterally. The raised floor, originally a metal reference surface, can be adjusted to a non-reflective environment according to testing requirements. The hydraulic platforms rise, driven by the transverse motor, and the absorbing tips of the two platforms unfold laterally, providing a non-reflective test. The aforementioned actions are reversed, causing the platforms filled with absorbing tips to retract and disappear under the raised floor. This system can flexibly switch between different testing environment conditions to meet the diverse needs of the anechoic chamber.

This invention discloses a method for measuring the diffraction efficiency of a grating based on a partitioned grating reflector, comprising: a laser source, a collimating mirror, a plane mirror, a partitioned grating reflector, a beam splitter cube, an electric turntable, a lateral displacement stage, a screen, a first photodetector, and a second photodetector. The electric turntable supports the plane mirror and the partitioned grating reflector; the lateral displacement stage supports the laser source, the beam splitter cube, the screen, the first photodetector, and the second photodetector. First, the plane mirror is used to perform a coarse vertical calibration of the laser incident direction. Then, the partitioned grating reflector is installed, and a fine calibration is achieved through the reflection zone, calibrating the position of the reflected light spot. Based on this, the laser source is moved so that the incident light illuminates the grating under test, aligning the position of the zero-order diffraction spot with the calibrated reflected light spot position, thus achieving effective alignment. Consistency verification of the measurement process is achieved through multiple comparisons of the calibration results.

The utility model discloses a track detection device for track traffic, which relates to the technical field of track traffic and comprises a detection vehicle body, a transverse displacement mechanism and two longitudinal displacement mechanisms are arranged behind the detection vehicle body, and the longitudinal displacement mechanisms are connected to the rear side of the transverse displacement mechanism. Two sliding rails are fixedly installed at the upper end of the detection vehicle body, hydraulic rods are fixedly installed in the sliding rails, the telescopic portions of the hydraulic rods are connected with sliding blocks, a sunshade mechanism is connected to the upper portions of the sliding blocks, and the sunshade mechanism comprises three sunshade plates which are the first baffle, the second baffle and the third baffle. Through the arrangement of the transverse displacement mechanism and the longitudinal displacement mechanism, the transverse position and the longitudinal position of the track detection camera can be rapidly adjusted in the shooting process, the designated position of the track can be shot according to requirements, use is more flexible, meanwhile, in the outdoor use process, the influence caused by light reflection can be reduced through the sunshade mechanism, and the use safety is improved. The imaging quality is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete vibration, in particular to mass concrete vibration leveling equipment which comprises a base frame, a case is fixedly mounted at the top of the base frame, and moving sets are fixedly mounted at the four corners of the bottom of the base frame. According to the equipment, through cooperative operation of the adjusting and moving mechanism and the vibrating module, the flexibility bottleneck of traditional vibrating equipment is broken through, the vertical and transverse moving module is combined with the displacement sensor and the encoder, accurate positioning of the vibrating module in the vertical and horizontal directions is achieved, the rotating shaft drives the mounting plate frame to rotate, and a vibrator and a vibrating bar synchronously rotate during transverse displacement; for a complex structure or an area with dense steel bars, the equipment can dynamically adjust the position and angle of the vibrating group according to actual working conditions and automatically plan a path; the annularly-arranged vibrating sets expand the single-time vibrating range, the limitation of manual operation is overcome, vibrating dead angles are eliminated, it is ensured that all parts of concrete are effectively vibrated, and the vibrating uniformity and comprehensiveness are remarkably improved.

The utility model provides a light limiting valve for an Einstein probe satellite FXT load, which is nested in a groove of an upper cover of a shielding box, and the nearest distance between the light limiting valve and the upper surface of a focal plane detector is 1mm; the light limiting valve is of an inverted-cone-shaped structure and is composed of a light limiting valve support cover, a beryllium shield, an aluminum shield, a magnet, a light limiting valve support and a light limiting valve bottom support. The internal shielding material of the light limiting valve is beryllium of 1 mm, aluminum of 1 mm and a magnet of 1 mm. The three layers of shields are placed layer by layer along the light limiting valve bracket, and the exteriors of four legs at the bottom of the light limiting valve bracket cover tightly press the three layers of shields to limit the transverse displacement of the three layers of shields; the plane flange of the light limiting valve bracket cover simultaneously presses each layer of shielding, so that axial displacement is prevented; a plurality of grooves are formed in the side face of the light limiting valve support, and the light limiting valve bottom supports are inserted into the grooves in the side face of the light limiting valve support. The light limiting valve support cover, the light limiting valve bottom support and the light limiting valve support are fixed through screws. On the premise that the thermal expansion relation is not restrained, the mechanical property of the thermal expansion joint is guaranteed.

The present invention discloses a device for testing water seepage on the exterior wall of a building, which belongs to the technical field of devices for testing water seepage on the exterior wall of a building. It mainly comprises: a machine body, a power arm, and a detection component, wherein a plurality of counterweight cavities are arranged at different positions in the machine body; the detection component is mounted on the outer wall of the machine body and extends toward one end of the machine body; a plurality of power arms are arranged and embedded at different positions on the exterior wall of the machine body. The present invention adopts a hoisting working mode and uses variable wind pressure to adjust the distance between the device and the wall in real time, so that the two always maintain a preset distance, so as to improve the uniformity of water sprinkling and the accuracy of detection. At the same time, an adjustable power arm and a counterweight design in the machine body are adopted to realize the lateral displacement of the machine body by changing the center of gravity, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water sprinkling range and the accuracy of detection. The present invention is mainly used for water seepage testing on the exterior walls of high-rise buildings.

The utility model provides a shock isolation device, which relates to the technical field of equipment shock isolation structures and particularly comprises a support component and a reset part. The supporting assembly comprises a first platform and a second platform, the supporting assembly is formed by arranging the first platform and the second platform in a spaced mode in the vertical direction, an arrangement space is formed between the first platform and the second platform, and the reset piece is arranged between the first platform and the second platform and can freely roll in the arrangement space. The multiple reset units are arranged in the same horizontal plane in a surrounding mode along one point, and the multiple first platforms are connected end to end to form a bearing table used for bearing equipment. Effective damping and resetting functions are realized by combining a geometric structure with the dead weight of equipment without depending on the characteristics of an elastic material, so that mechanical fatigue and material aging caused by vibration are prevented, large vibration and lateral displacement of the equipment can be effectively prevented, impact of an earthquake on the equipment is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. Therefore, the service life of equipment is prolonged.

The present invention discloses a method for predicting the lateral displacement of surrounding rock caused by high-slope TBM construction, comprising the following steps: based on the three-dimensional random medium theory, deriving a theoretical formula for the lateral deformation of surrounding rock caused by surrounding rock loss during tunneling by TBM; establishing a three-dimensional spatial model of a high-slope tunnel, combining the construction path of the high-slope tunnel, the outer diameter R of the TBM and the percentage of stratum loss; or , and obtain the radius of the tunnel's surrounding rock convergence deformation boundary r ; The unit volume "gap" generated by the surrounding rock loss is integrated in the volume domain of the actual three-dimensional construction gap to obtain the calculation formula for the lateral displacement of the surrounding rock caused by the three-dimensional construction gap of the TBM. The advantages of the present invention are: based on the three-dimensional random medium theory, it fully considers the actual construction characteristics of the large-slope TBM, can accurately predict the lateral displacement of the surrounding rock, and provides a research basis for the calculation method of surrounding rock deformation caused by the asymmetric surrounding rock loss on the horizon in the future.

An atomic force microscope (“AFM”) based interferometer, uses a light source, and a splitting optical interface, splitting the light beam into a signal light beam and a reference light beam. Both the signal and reference light beams are focused in the vicinity of an AFM cantilever. A beam displacer introduces a lateral displacement between the signal light beam and reference light beam, the lateral displacement being such that, in at least one plane between the beam displacer and the focusing lens structure, the center of the signal light beam is separated from the center of the reference light beam by more than half a sum of their beam diameters on that plane. A detector operates to determine differences in optical path length between the signal light beam and reference light beam to determine information about movement of the cantilever.

The present disclosure relates to a system for determining corrugation of a film, which has a predetermined dimension in a width direction and extends in a longitudinal direction, due to tension acting on the film and inhomogeneity of a film material in a roll-to-roll inline apparatus that conveys the film in the longitudinal direction. The system includes: a lateral displacement sensor mounted on one or more of two sides of the film in a width direction to be spaced apart from a surface of the film, and configured to measure a displacement of the surface of the film; and a ripple determination unit for converting a lateral displacement value of the film surface as a function of time measured by the lateral displacement sensor into an amplitude value as a function of the frequency signal and comparing the converted amplitude value with a preset amplitude value as a function of the frequency signal, to determine the presence or absence of corrugations in the membrane.

The utility model discloses a special displacement monitoring expansion joint for the water conservancy and hydropower industry, which relates to the technical field of intelligent industrial pipelines and comprises a left-end connecting pipe, a left-end corrugated pipe, a middle connecting pipe, a right-end corrugated pipe and a right-end connecting pipe which are sequentially fixed together, and a stay wire type displacement sensor is mounted in the middle of the outer wall of the left-end connecting pipe; according to the special displacement monitoring expansion joint for the water conservancy and hydropower industry provided by the utility model, when the left end connecting pipe or the right end connecting pipe generates transverse displacement or obliquely rotates, the stay wire type displacement sensor is used for carrying out displacement monitoring on the expansion joint; therefore, the defect of monitoring data missing caused by the fact that the laser sensor cannot receive the reflected light signals is overcome.