600 results about "Lateral movement" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of subway construction, in particular to assembling equipment and a construction method of an assembly type station, and the assembling equipment comprises a stand column assembling machine which comprises a longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism are matched, and after the clamping mechanism clamps a stand column to be assembled, transverse moving, longitudinal moving and rotary moving are conducted; the side wall middle plate assembling machine comprises a side wall assembling mechanism and a middle plate assembling mechanism. The middle plate assembling mechanism is used for transversely moving, longitudinally moving, rotating and lifting a middle plate. The side wall assembling mechanism is used for being connected with a reserved structure of a side wall and driving the side wall to be assembled to transversely move, longitudinally move and rotate. The top longitudinal beam assembling machine is used for clamping a top longitudinal beam to be assembled and transversely moving, longitudinally moving and lifting the top longitudinal beam. According to the splicing equipment and the construction method, the split type structural design is adopted, all the splicing machines operate independently and are matched flexibly, and the splicing efficiency is improved; and meanwhile, each split erector maintains respective high-precision assembly, so that the mounting error can be efficiently eliminated.

In one aspect, a gap blocker is provided for a roller conveyor having rollers for conveying an object in a downstream longitudinal direction. The rollers include adjacent rollers having a longitudinally extending gap therebetween and at least one of the rollers has an annular groove for receiving a drive member. The gap blocker includes a body configured to be supported in the gap by the adjacent rollers and an upper blocking portion of the body to extend across the gap. The body further includes a locating member configured to extend into the annular groove and inhibit lateral movement of the body in the gap.

The invention provides a high-precision loading system which comprises a platform, a guide part extending in the axial direction is arranged in the middle of the top of the platform in a protruding mode, and clamping parts driven by clamping driving assemblies are arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end of the platform correspondingly; the supporting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the platform and used for driving the platform to move to be coaxially in butt joint with the corresponding compartment, the two clamping pieces are used for clamping and fixing the compartment through opposite movement or separating from the compartment through opposite movement, and a cargo carrying mechanism used for carrying cargoes and driven by a transverse movement driving device to transversely move is arranged on one side. Walking wheel sets and swinging wheel sets distributed front and back and a plurality of guiding wheel sets distributed front and back are arranged at the bottom of the carrying vehicle body, the walking wheel sets are driven by a walking driving device to rotate front and back, the swinging wheel sets are driven by a rotating driving device to swing left and right, and the guiding wheel sets are arranged at intervals and abut against the left side and the right side of the guiding part in a rolling mode. Distance sensing devices are arranged on the left and right sides of the carrying vehicle body respectively. The cargo boxing stability and accuracy can be improved, and the boxing efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a detection device based on overall lateral rotation of main and auxiliary double-limb arch ribs and a use method of the detection device, and belongs to the technical field of arch rib construction detection, a transverse movement detection frame module is connected with a tower frame module through a telescopic fixed net frame module, and the upper portion of the transverse movement detection frame module is slidably connected with a double-limb arch rib module. Movement of the control device is automatically adjusted through the first positioner, the operation procedure of in-place installation is facilitated, and whether the rotating hinge base at the direct stress position deforms or not is analyzed and judged by analyzing information of the distance between the rotating hinge base and the arch support and information of the distance between the rotating hinge base and the tensioning base in the side rotating process so that the state of the double-limb arch rib module can be judged; according to the method, the two ends of the arch foot rotating seat shaft serve as rotating shafts, the arch rib assembled in the flat state is laterally rotated to the mounting position, compared with a traditional beam-first-arch-second hoisting method, only fewer temporary facilities are needed for lateral rotation to maintain an arch rib mounting system, and mounting construction of an arch rib structure can be completed more efficiently at low cost.

The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic polishing of target side edges, and in particular, to an automatic polishing device for target side edges and a method for using the device. The device comprises a processing support base, a rotating movable guide assembly is provided on the surface of the processing support base, the rotating movable guide assembly is used to set a lateral placement point for target polishing, and an anti-deviating block is installed at the lateral placement point, thereby limiting the friction between the lateral placement point and the target; a movable side polishing processing assembly is provided on the surface of the rotating movable guide assembly, and the movable side polishing processing assembly is used to polish the side of the target; when the connecting frame rotates, the friction block is driven to move along the side of the target, and the debris on the side of the target is cleaned during the movement of the friction block, thereby improving the polishing quality of the polisher, and the pressing plate and the friction block are respectively located at the four corners of the side of the target, and the lateral movement of the target is limited, thereby offsetting the driving force generated during the polisher processing, so that the target is continuously in a stable state.

Various receptacle embodiments with expandable cavities are disclosed. In some embodiments, a receptacle comprising a first and second frame with a hinge permitting the first frame to pivot about the axis defined by the hinge to expand the volume of the cavity defined by the first and second frame is disclosed. In another embodiment, a receptacle comprising a first and second frame comprising a tension gear mated into a corresponding track is disclosed, permitting lateral movement between the first and second frames to expand the volume of the cavity defined by the first and second frame is disclosed. Other disclosed embodiments comprise lid and foot pedal assemblies as well as spring assist systems and other features.

The utility model discloses a spring plunger positioning and carrying mechanism, which comprises a feeding positioning mechanism, a spring plunger conveying mechanism, a spring plunger conveying mechanism, a spring plunger conveying mechanism, a spring plunger conveying mechanism and a spring plunger conveying mechanism, and is characterized in that the feeding positioning mechanism is provided with a spring plunger positioning groove; the carrying mechanism comprises a left-right transverse movement driving unit, a first automatic clamping jaw unit and a second automatic clamping jaw unit; the first automatic clamping jaw unit and the second automatic clamping jaw unit each comprise a clamping jaw assembly capable of being automatically opened and closed left and right, a front-back longitudinal movement driving assembly and an up-down lifting driving assembly. The left-right transverse movement driving unit drives the first automatic clamping jaw unit and the second automatic clamping jaw unit to horizontally move left and right together, so that the first automatic clamping jaw unit moves the spring plunger on the spring plunger positioning groove to the detection station for detection, and the second automatic clamping jaw unit moves out the detected spring plunger on the detection station. In this way, automatic feeding and discharging of spring plunger detection are achieved, and the detection efficiency can be improved.

The utility model relates to a welding fixture shared by multiple vehicle models, including: a bracket, a first support component, a second support component, a first lateral moving component, a first fixed component, a second lateral moving component, and a second fixed component; the first support component is used to support the vehicle body, the first lateral moving component and the second lateral moving component are respectively used to drive the first fixed component and the second fixed component to move in the first direction, and the second support component, the first fixed component and the second fixed component are respectively used to support and fix the vehicle body. The first lateral moving unit and the second lateral moving unit are provided to respectively drive the first fixed component and the second fixed component to move, and the positions of the first fixed component and the second fixed component can be adjusted, so that the welding fixture can be adapted to vehicle bodies of different lengths and meet the requirements for the common use of fixtures for vehicle models of various sizes.

A swim training device includes: (a) a platform having a top side and a bottom side, and extending longitudinally from a leading edge to a trailing edge and extending laterally from a left side to a right side; and (b) a hands pocket located on the top side of the platform and including a hands entry opening facing toward the trailing edge of the platform, wherein: (i) the hands pocket is constructed to receive a user's hands through the hands entry opening so that the user's hands are located in the hands pocket in a generally extended configuration; (ii) the hands pocket is constructed to hold the user's hands in place in the generally extended configuration against the top side of the platform; and (iii) the hands pocket is constructed to resist longitudinal and lateral movement of the user's hands relative to the platform when the user's hands are located within the hands pocket.

A device for testing the strength of a handle of an anti-theft safety door lock belongs to the field of inspection equipment, and is characterized in that a guide rail (2) and a movable base (3) are arranged on the base (1) to realize transverse movement; the movable machine base (3), the lifting support (4) and the lifting rod (9) form a lifting mechanism, a guide wheel (11) is installed on a transverse support (10), the other end of the transverse support (10) is connected with two adjustable lifting frames (12), and longitudinal movement is achieved. A diamond force application device (5) is installed on a movable machine base (3) and is adjusted through a double-spiral lead screw (6), a steel wire rope (8) is connected with a tension sensor (7), and the steel wire rope (8) is guided through a guide wheel (11) and is connected with a door handle clamp (15) on a security door (13). According to the structure of the door handle clamp (15), a front clamping plate (17) and an opening clamping plate (18) fasten a door handle (14) through four screws (19), and the door handle clamp (15) is connected with a tension sensor (7) through a hanging ring (16) and a steel wire rope (8) to measure force. The requirements of different structures and installation positions of the lock handle, one-time fixed installation of the safety door and subsequent multiple test items are met.

The utility model provides a mechanical structure capable of realizing various motions, which is used for solving the problems of complex structure and insufficient degree of freedom in the prior art. The training device comprises a supporting plate, a lower barrel is arranged on the supporting plate, the lower barrel drives a middle barrel to rotate along the Z axis through a lower rotating shaft, the axis of the middle barrel coincides with the Z axis, the middle barrel is hinged to an upper connecting piece through a Y-direction rotating shaft, the axis of the upper connecting piece is perpendicular to the Y axis, the upper connecting piece drives an upper barrel to rotate along the X axis through an upper rotating shaft, and the axis of the upper barrel coincides with the X axis. An upper platform is fixed to the side wall of the upper barrel, and the rotating shaft, the upper rotating shaft and the Y-direction rotating shaft are all driven by a driving motor. The ankle training device can simulate various natural movements of ankles, including lateral movements, dorsal flexion, plantar flexion, introversion and extroversion, and provides comprehensive exercise training for users. In addition, the device is compact in design and small in occupied area, the effect of simulating natural movement of the ankle is achieved through multi-degree-of-freedom rotation, and the stability and coordination of the ankle are improved.

The utility model discloses a gripper which comprises a fixed top plate and a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, parallel and symmetrical guide rails are arranged at the edges of the left side and the right side of the surface of the fixed top plate, the bidirectional telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom face of the fixed top plate, and gripper clamping mechanisms are connected to the ends of cylinder telescopic shafts of the left side and the right side of the bidirectional telescopic cylinder. According to the scheme, clamping plates on the left side and the right side of a bidirectional telescopic air cylinder base transversely move to grab and clamp an object, every two adjacent clamping plates are fixed through a beam frame and a connecting pipe frame, the connecting pipe frame and the beam frame are of an up-down horizontal structure, and the beam frame is slidably connected through a sliding block and a guide rail in the transverse movement process; the stability of the clamping plates in the transverse movement process is kept, the vertical maximum range height of the L-shaped bottom plate on the clamping plates can be adjusted, the clamping device can conveniently adapt to the clamping effect of objects with different heights, and the whole device structure provides good clamping and grabbing convenience for box bodies and round objects.

The utility model discloses a consignment device for steel transportation, which relates to the technical field of logistics consignment and comprises a consignment structure, the consignment structure comprises a vehicle body, wheels are mounted on two sides of the vehicle body, a positioning structure is arranged at the top end of the vehicle body, a mounting structure is arranged at the top end of the vehicle body, and the mounting structure comprises a fixing plate. A clamping structure is arranged on the fixing plate, and a limiting structure is arranged on the trolley body. The bottom of the steel coil is limited through the wedge block, the top of the steel coil is limited through the clamping structure, meanwhile, the damper and the spring are arranged to conduct vibration reduction on the steel coil, and through double limiting of the wedge block and the clamping structure, the stability of the steel coil in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be guaranteed; the damper and the spring can absorb and reduce vibration energy of the steel coil in the transportation process, the steel coil consignment stability is improved, the side face of the steel coil is limited through the limiting structure, and lateral movement of the steel coil in the transportation or storage process is prevented.

An apparatus for engaging equipment to a support includes a member defining a first channel having a first side wall capable of lateral movement with respect to a second side wall suitable for engaging the equipment therebetween. The member defines a pair of surfaces suitable for engaging equipment thereon. A movable member is capable of causing the lateral movement. A substantially compressible member is operably interconnected between the movable member and the first side wall. A pin is selectively raisable with respect to one of the surfaces within a peripheral area defined by the one of the surfaces.

The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing equipment manufacturing, and particularly relates to a wind field detection device for additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises a transverse moving part, and a guide part is arranged on the left side of the transverse moving part; a wind power detection component is arranged at the top of the movable base; the movable base comprises a bearing chassis, and a girdling groove is formed in the lower surface of the bearing chassis. The wind sensor is driven to perform free plane sliding motion in the wind power detection equipment through the transverse moving part, the guiding part and the moving base, so that wind power at different point positions is tested, and in the wind power testing process, the moving base can be tightly attracted to the upper surface of the long sliding rail through the magnetic force of the built-in magnetic ring, so that the wind power detection equipment is more convenient to use. A reinforcing effect is achieved on the moving roller which freely slides, so that the problem that the wheel body at the bottom of the equipment is easy to slip, even shift or topple under the action of wind power when the wind power of a tested wind field is relatively large is avoided.

This invention provides a positioning device for preventing lateral movement of a workpiece during mold opening. The device includes a lower mold assembly and a positioning assembly. The lower mold assembly includes a punch, a blank holder, and a lower mold base. The punch is fixedly mounted on the lower mold base. The blank holder is vertically movable and positioned on the lower mold base, surrounding the outer periphery of the punch. The bottom of the blank holder is connected to the lower mold base via a nitrogen spring. The working surface of the blank holder is inclined. During mold opening, the blank holder is lifted by the nitrogen spring, making its working surface higher than the punch. The positioning assembly is vertically extendable and retractable on the working surface of the blank holder. It can retract into the blank holder before sheet metal stamping and extend out of the blank holder during mold opening after sheet metal stamping, abutting the edge of the sheet metal to achieve horizontal positioning of the workpiece. This invention has the advantages of preventing the workpiece from sliding along the inclined surface of the blank holder during mold opening and ensuring workpiece positioning accuracy.

The present invention is directed toward an exercise machine and climbing simulator that enables its users to initiate the climbing or crawling motion whilst being rotated at different angles. This invention includes a rotatable framework and a plurality of foot spines and arm spines that are configured to support the feet and arms of a user. As the framework rotates, the user incurs exercise in maintaining contact with the plurality of foot and hand spines. Each of the foot and hand spines is decoupled from each other, that is, each of the foot and hand spines is configured with independent rotational and lateral movement. By changing the angles of rotation and the positions of the foot and hand spines, gravity is applied in different ways and therefore different muscle groups are targeted. Thus, this invention assists users in acquiring varying degrees of physical fitness and mountain climbing preparation.

The present application discloses a walking device for a mobile mold frame, belonging to the field of mobile mold frame walking technology, which includes a support seat and a mobile mold frame main body; the present application is novel in design and ingenious in device. By setting a first driving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and a longitudinal moving mechanism, the device has a simple structure, is easy to use and has strong mobility. When the mobile mold frame main body is in use, the moving direction and position can be freely controlled according to needs, so that it is not easily restricted, thereby expanding the moving range of the mobile mold frame main body, and then improving the use effect and practicality of the walking device. By setting an anti-wear mechanism, the situation in which the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope are telescopically moved in the through hole for a long time, causing serious wear of the through hole, can be reduced. Secondly, it helps the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope to move, and is not easily obstructed, which greatly improves the practicality of the device.

The invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom mounting and adjusting tool for a large air duct. The multi-degree-of-freedom mounting and adjusting tool comprises a main body frame 1, a front movable frame 2, a rear movable frame 3, a wheel transmission device 4, an adjustable limiting rod 5, a keel pier 6, a pin shaft 7 and a transverse movement transmission device 8. The main body frame 1 is in sliding connection with a T-shaped sliding rail S1 arranged at the bottom through a wheel transmission device 4, and transverse displacement adjustment of the front movable frame 2 and the rear movable frame 3 is achieved through a transverse movement transmission device 8. The adjustable limiting rod 5 is connected with the rear movable frame 3 and the keel pier 6 through a thread structure to form a pitching angle adjusting mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the guide pipe can be adjusted in the up-down direction, the left-right direction, the front-back direction, the pitching direction and the like, installation centering of the large air guide pipe is achieved, and ship loading work is completed.

The utility model relates to a kind of electric drive dual-purpose three-wheel tractor, belong to track tractor field. Including car body, guide wheel and driving rubber wheel, power battery and hydraulic station are set on car body, the front side and rear side of car body are respectively provided with connecting car hook;The new energy three-wheel public railway dual-purpose tractor provided by the utility model is combined by innovative three-wheel architecture and pure electric drive system, solves the technical problems of traditional tractor in mobility, environmental protection, mode switching reliability and the like, with significant technical progress and practical value, while designing cooperation 360 ° rotating wheel, can realize in-place steering and lateral movement, so that vehicle can freely maneuver in subway tunnel, factory workshop and other narrow space, solve the embarrassing situation of traditional tractor in limited environment "dilemma".

The utility model discloses a transverse moving device which comprises two C-shaped frames, a lead screw rectangular pipe is arranged between the two C-shaped frames, universal wheels are arranged at the two ends of the lower walls of the two C-shaped frames, a supporting mechanism is arranged between the two C-shaped frames and the ground, and two force arm rods are symmetrically and movably arranged on the side wall of one side of the lead screw rectangular pipe. A hydraulic cylinder and an enclasping limiting piece are connected between the two force arm rods, round pipes are rotationally arranged on the side walls of the two force arm rods correspondingly, the other ends of the two round pipes are connected with an airplane wheel limiting plate, and two first rollers and two second rollers are rotationally arranged between the force arm rod and the airplane wheel limiting plate which are located on the same side correspondingly. And a manual pump is mounted on the side wall of the other side of the screw rod rectangular pipe, and the manual pump and the hydraulic cylinder are arranged in a matched mode. The utility model relates to the technical field of transverse movement of unmanned aerial vehicles. According to the transverse moving equipment, the hydraulic rods in the hydraulic cylinders contract to drive the airplane wheel limiting plates to be lifted through oil return of the manual pumps, and stable holding and lifting of the unmanned airplane wheels are achieved.

The invention provides a multi-dimensional adjustable hydraulic building platform device and a using method thereof. Comprising a base, a lifting mechanism arranged at the top of the base, a top plate fixed to the top of the lifting mechanism, a mounting plate slidably connected in the length direction of the top plate, a transverse moving mechanism driving the mounting plate to move and a standing plate arranged on the mounting plate. The first telescopic mechanisms are annularly distributed between the mounting plate and the standing plate; the two ends of the first telescopic mechanism are hinged to the mounting plate and the standing plate correspondingly. The first telescopic mechanism which is hydraulically driven telescopes in a differential mode to enable the standing plate to generate pitching / roll angle changes, the vertical stroke of the lifting mechanism and the horizontal displacement of the transverse moving mechanism are combined, the five-degree-of-freedom adjusting capacity of a three-dimensional space and a double-axis angle is formed, the positioning requirement for assembling of a special-shaped curved surface workpiece is met, and multi-dimensional precise adjustment is achieved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of multi-roll mills, and relates to an intermediate roll moving and adjusting structure of a multi-roll mill. The connecting handle mandrel (1) is movably sleeved in the connecting handle shaft sleeve (2), a connecting end (10) of the connecting handle mandrel (1) extends out of one end of the connecting handle shaft sleeve (2), the other end of the connecting handle shaft sleeve (2) is sleeved and connected with the connecting handle connector (3), the connecting handle connector (3) is connected with the telescopic component (11), the telescopic component (11) is arranged on the positioning bracket (12), and the connecting end (10) of the connecting handle mandrel (1) is connected with the middle roller (14). The middle roll moving and adjusting structure of the multi-roll mill is simple in structure, can conveniently and reliably achieve connection of the middle rolls, meets the transverse moving and adjusting requirements of the middle rolls, improves reliability of the middle rolls, prolongs the service life of the middle rolls, guarantees normal production of a production line, improves yield and quality of products, and saves cost.

The invention discloses a boundary layer flow field measuring method and device for a high-speed wind tunnel model. The boundary layer flow field measuring device comprises a vertical moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism and an axial moving mechanism. The vertical moving mechanism is connected to a supporting arm in the wind tunnel; the transverse moving mechanism is supported on the vertical moving mechanism and can transversely move on the vertical moving mechanism; the axial moving mechanism is supported on the transverse moving mechanism and can telescopically move on the transverse moving mechanism in the length direction of the transverse moving mechanism; the axial moving mechanism is provided with a measuring shaft which can stretch out and draw back in the length direction of the axial moving mechanism. The tail end of the measuring shaft is provided with a probe used for measuring boundary layer parameters and a height detector. According to the invention, the static contour measured by the height detector is used as a reference, a safe height is added to the probe on the basis of the static contour, and after the wind tunnel operates, the accurate movement of the probe can be controlled through the contour detected by the height detector in real time and the position of the measuring device, and meanwhile, the probe is prevented from colliding with the model.

An unmanned forklift and its fork control method and controller are disclosed, wherein the unmanned forklift includes forks and a controller, the controller being configured to perform the following steps: receiving a lateral step length, a rotation step length, and a target direction of the forks; controlling the forks to perform lateral movement according to the lateral step length and the target direction; and controlling the forks to perform rotation movement according to the rotation step length and the target direction.

The utility model discloses a clamping device for automobile pin shaft production, which comprises a base, a moving mechanism is arranged in the base, a vertical frame is fixedly mounted on the moving mechanism, a sleeve is rotatably connected in the vertical frame, a fixed frame is fixedly mounted at the left end of the sleeve, two sliding frames are slidably connected in the fixed frame, and clamping wheels are rotatably connected in the two sliding frames. First sliding blocks are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two sliding frames, threaded rods are rotationally connected to the positions, located on the lower portions of the two sliding frames, in the fixing frame, the threaded rods are sleeved with the two first sliding blocks, second sliding blocks are fixedly installed at the top ends of the two sliding frames, and transmission rods are rotationally connected to the interiors of the two second sliding blocks. The clamping device for automobile pin shaft production can drive a pin shaft to rotate or slide left and right in the machining process, the machining position of the pin shaft can be conveniently adjusted, machining and using of the pin shaft are facilitated, meanwhile, the pin shaft can be locked and fixed after adjustment, and the situation that the machining quality is affected due to the fact that the pin shaft rotates or transversely moves in the machining process is avoided.

The invention discloses a tool plate circulating system which comprises an upper-layer conveying line, a lower-layer conveying line and a plate returning machine. The plate returning machine comprises a base, a swing arm, a balance arm and a loading support, and the base, the swing arm, the balance arm and the loading support jointly define a parallelogram-shaped deformation cavity. Compared with a plate returning machine structure in the prior art, the plate returning machine has the advantages that a tank chain translation machine with an extremely high failure rate is omitted, the tool plates can enter and exit from the plate returning machine only by means of the conveying capacity of an original conveying line, the time for the tool plates to enter and exit from a tank chain bearing area is shortened in the transferring process of the tool plates, and the overall efficiency is improved; and the maintenance time and cost can be saved. Besides, the plate returning machine of the scheme defines a parallelogram-shaped deformation cavity in the direction of a front view, the height position of the loading support can be flexibly changed in the mechanical structure, the movement process is smooth, horizontal and transverse movement is avoided, the working stability of the plate returning machine is improved, and the damage risk of the equipment structure is reduced.

A method for controlling a deceleration request for a vehicle, the method comprising determining whether a combined friction exceeds a threshold, wherein the combined friction is a combination of a first friction associated with the deceleration request corresponding to a drive pedal position and a second friction associated to a lateral movement of the vehicle and adjusting the deceleration request based on whether the combined friction exceeds the threshold

This utility model discloses a steel structure weld flaw detection scanning mechanism, relating to the field of steel structure inspection technology. The weld flaw detection scanning mechanism includes a base and a flaw detector mounted on the base, as well as a lifting assembly, an angle control assembly, a lateral movement assembly, and a moving assembly. This utility model, through the lifting assembly and the probe fixed on the lifting platform, can perform flaw detection on welds at high positions, improving detection efficiency. Simultaneously, the angle control assembly allows for arbitrary control of the probe angle, thus meeting the flaw detection needs of non-linear welds and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of flaw detection. The device, through signal feedback from the flaw detector in the lateral movement assembly and in conjunction with a PLC controller, can stop the probe's detection movement in real time when a weld defect is detected, thereby achieving precise positioning of the welding defect and avoiding positional errors caused by human error during handheld inspection.