A high-precision digital speckle related measurement method adopts a measuring device consisting of a CW (continuous wave) laser, a collimated beam expander, a converging lens, a CCD (charge coupled device) camera and a computer for measurement, and is realized through adopting the following steps: filtering speckle images arranged in a generation plane of a to-be-tested object before and after the displacement and recorded by the CCD camera, so as to obtain the complex signal distribution of light intensity; performing interpolation after analyzing the phase position distribution, so as to obtain the phase position distribution matrix with the sub-pixel accuracy; utilizing the phase position vortex topological charge numbers plus 1 and minus 1 to replace the original phase position values, and replacing other points with 0, so as to build two sparse matrixes; and finally performing related operation to the two sparse matrixes so as to obtain the in-plane displacement information of the to-be-tested object. The method can realize the high computational efficiency and high measuring accuracy at the same time, has the characteristics of compactness in optical path, simplicity and feasibility, and is suitable for the real-time and on-line detection in the field of photoelectric nondestructive detection.