166 results about "Photon detection" patented technology

The invention discloses a side slope displacement monitoring method and device based on quantum single photons and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of displacement monitoring. Rectangular light pulses are emitted periodically, echo detection is completed by using a single photon detector, a photon counting time sequence is constructed, wavelet denoising and reconstruction processing is performed on the photon counting time sequence, main peak position offset, energy change and form distortion are extracted to match multiple types of feature vectors, and feature fusion and resolving are performed through a multi-source feature fusion BP neural network. And finally outputting a high-precision slope displacement result. According to the method, the quantum single-photon detection technology is combined with the wavelet denoising and neural network fusion algorithm, noise interference is effectively suppressed, the displacement feature extraction precision is improved, and the method is suitable for high-precision and long-distance slope micro-deformation real-time monitoring.

The invention relates to an Imaging sensor device in a stacked arrangement comprising:a pixel array tier comprising a plurality of pixel segments each having a plurality of pixels for photon detection each providing a digital pixel output;a processing tier comprising a number of processing cores each associated with one of the plurality of pixel segments to receive the pixel outputs of the pixels of the respective pixel segment, wherein the processing cores are each in bidirectional communication with one or more neighboring processing cores,wherein the processing cores are each configured to receive pixel outputs of the pixels of the associated pixel segments and to distribute processing of pixel outputs between the processing core and the at least one of the neighboring processing cores as neighboring processing cores.

The invention relates to the technical field of photon detection imaging, in particular to a deep learning-based crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector imaging method, which comprises the following steps of: enabling incident photons to enter a crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector to obtain charge signals on a crossed strip-shaped anode in the detector; sampling the charge signal; inputting the obtained sampling data into a trained decoding network model to obtain a predicted position of an incident photon; establishing an imaging matrix, mapping the obtained prediction position into the imaging matrix, and performing interval division on the mapped imaging matrix; and carrying out gray value mapping on the number of photons in the divided intervals to obtain an imaging result. According to the invention, the neural network model is introduced to carry out computational imaging, so that the imaging quality of the cross strip-shaped anode single-photon detector is improved.

The invention relates to a data compression circuit and method suitable for a single photon avalanche diode array, and the circuit comprises a pixel array which is provided with M rows and N columns of pixels; the multi-stage compression circuit comprises a plurality of compression cache circuits connected in sequence, each stage of compression cache circuit comprises a plurality of first storage areas used for storing TDC data and address bits used for storing the positions of pixels corresponding to the TDC data in the pixel array, and the multi-stage compression circuit reads the TDC data of the pixel array line by line. And after multi-stage compression, the signals are output to a post-stage circuit. Compared with the prior art, the pixel data in a digital form is greatly compressed, the data transmission quantity is reduced, the data transmission bottleneck problem of a large-scale array is solved, and a key technical support is provided for a high-performance single-photon detection system.

Embodiments of the present application provide a detector device including a photon detector and a multilayer reflector. The photon detector includes a substrate, an isolation structure in a first side of the substrate, a guard ring adjacent to the isolation structure and in the first side of the substrate, a sensor node in the first side of the substrate, the guard ring between the sensor node and the isolation structure, a shared node in the first side of the substrate, the shared node between the guard ring and the isolation structure, an isolation extension structure in a second side of the substrate opposite the first side, the isolation extension structure extending from the second side to the isolation structure. The multilayer reflector is on the first side of the substrate. Using the multilayer reflector can improve collection of photons in an avalanche region.

The application belongs to the field of spectral measurement and imaging, and specifically discloses a single-photon detection device and a rapid spectral and imaging system based on the same. According to the application, a transmission optical fiber spectrometer separates each waveband complex light according to wavelength in space, and couples the photons of different wavelengths into an optical fiber array for time delay, so that the different wavelengths are delayed to different time points and output to a single-photon detection device. The single-photon detection device converts the photons of different wavelengths arriving at the device in time sequence into electrical signals, and obtains the number of photons at different time points after amplification and signal processing, and converts the number of photons into a spectrum. Since the transmission spectrometer can provide higher diffraction efficiency, higher spectral resolution and signal strength, the single-photon detection device can provide a faster and more accurate photon discrimination and photon counting method, and compared with the prior art, the whole can measure the spectrum more quickly, and has higher spectral resolution and signal strength.

The application discloses a portable fluorescence lifetime detection device based on a SiPM array and an on-chip TDC, and relates to the technical field of fluorescence lifetime detection devices, and comprises the following modules: an excitation light source module, which is used for sending a synchronous electric pulse signal to a time measurement module while triggering a sub-nanosecond excitation pulse, the signal being a starting timing signal for time measurement of the time measurement module, and the excitation pulse being used for exciting a sample to be measured to generate a fluorescence signal; a detection module, which is used for collecting the fluorescence signal and obtaining a photon detection signal, and outputting each photon detection signal to the time measurement module; the time measurement module, which is used for measuring a time interval from the synchronous electric pulse signal to each photon detection signal to generate a timestamp sequence and then sending the timestamp sequence to a data processing and control module; and the data processing and control module, which is used for generating a fluorescence decay curve and a fluorescence lifetime prediction result of the sample according to the timestamp sequence. The application can meet the application requirements of portability, low cost, high stability and high accuracy.

Array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device and pixel matching method belong to the field of optical precision measurement. The array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device comprises a signal generator, a laser, an emitting optical system, a receiving optical system, a dichroic mirror, a two-dimensional camera, an array single photon detector, an array single photon counter and a data acquisition and processing fusion module. The method of the present application is as follows: the array single photon detection waveband pulsed laser and the two-dimensional camera sensing waveband ambient light returned by the target object are separated by using a common receiving optical path and a dichroic mirror to determine the pixel size and the number of the array single photon detector and the two-dimensional camera; the transmission light offset d is calculated according to the thickness of the dichroic mirror; the transmission light offset d is used as a correction factor to realize the pixel matching of the array single photon detection three-dimensional imaging and the two-dimensional camera image; the array single photon detection three-dimensional image and the two-dimensional camera image are superimposed, and the high resolution of the two-dimensional image is used to enrich the three-dimensional point cloud imaging information.

The application discloses a single-photon source anti-bunching measurement device and method, relates to the technical field of single-photon detection, and comprises a single-photon source module, a signal trigger light path module, an interference light path module, a single-photon detector module and a coincidence counting module. The single-photon detector module comprises a first gated single-photon detector, a second gated single-photon detector, a first single-photon detector and a second single-photon detector, and can realize accurate measurement of the anti-bunching value of a deterministic single-photon source and a heralded single-photon source.

The invention discloses a high over-bias variable load type quenching device for a single photon avalanche diode, and the device comprises a quenching unit which is used for changing the resistance of a variable load tube to infinity to rapidly cut off the avalanche current when the single photon avalanche diode is avalanche, thereby achieving the variable load type quenching; the reset unit is used for generating a delay-adjustable reset signal after quenching is completed, and controlling the single photon avalanche diode to recover to a to-be-detected state; and the high over-bias supporting unit is used for enabling the two ends of the single photon avalanche diode to obtain over-bias higher than the power supply voltage under the low-voltage process. The quenching and resetting time of the quenching circuit is effectively shortened through a simple circuit structure, and meanwhile, the photon detection probability can be greatly improved through the high over-bias voltage which is nearly twice of the power supply voltage.

The invention discloses a traveling wave microwave light quantum detection method and system and a superconducting quantum circuit, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-level dimer coupled wQED system model; based on the system model, obtaining an equation set containing the input and output relation of the system model and a photon detection efficiency expression; acquiring a key parameter group based on the equation set and the photon detection efficiency expression; and adjusting the structure and the coupling relationship of the system model according to the key parameter group, and realizing traveling wave microwave light quantum detection based on the adjusted system model. In the invention, the brand-new three-level dimer coupled wQED system model is provided, and the structure and the coupling relationship are adjusted under the condition of reasonably setting a key parameter group, so that large-bandwidth high-efficiency detection is realized in principle by using the number of atoms which is far less than that of atoms in a traditional scheme; the physical resources are greatly saved, and the complexity of the system is simplified.

A single Geiger avalanche photodiode pixel interconnected with a readout circuit is decomposed to form M * M parallel pixel structures, the M * M parallel pixel structures are connected to a single pixel input stage of the readout circuit, and the time complementation relation between pixel avalanche events is utilized to enlarge the pixel avalanche events. The detection probability of the array single-photon detector pixel is improved, the photon detection dynamic range is expanded, the upper limit of the pixel photon saturation counting rate of the array single-photon detector can be remarkably improved, and the method is applied to the fields of high-dynamic-range laser three-dimensional imaging, space laser communication and the like.

The invention provides a detection system of a composite silicon photomultiplier staggered array. The device is characterized by comprising a composite silicon photomultiplier array module (1), a dual-channel reading module (2), an ambient light monitoring module (3), a fusion control module (4), a multi-path bias power supply module (5), a high-sensitivity sub-array (6), a high-dynamic range sub-array (7), a metal bus line (8), a signal output channel 1 (high-sensitivity) (9), a signal output channel 2 (high-dynamic) (10) and a ceramic substrate (11). The system can be used for solving the technical problems that an existing single-type silicon photomultiplier detection system is low in photon detection efficiency under weak light and limited in dynamic range under strong light, and can be widely applied to the technical field of photoelectric detection with requirements for the dynamic range and sensitivity, such as automatic driving laser radar, biological fluorescence imaging and high-energy physical detection.

The application discloses a kind of missing carton detection and rejection systems on carton lifting conveying mechanism, and relates to the technical field of carton cigarette quality detection.It includes photon detector, push-out mechanism, push-out mechanism is arranged at one side of carton lifting conveying mechanism, and the other side of carton lifting conveying mechanism is provided with rejection outlet, and collection transfer mechanism is also provided at rejection outlet;Push-out mechanism includes gas storage tank, gas outlet nozzle arranged towards rejection outlet, and solenoid valve on the connecting pipeline between gas outlet nozzle and gas storage tank.The missing carton detection and rejection system of the present application on carton lifting conveying mechanism is to achieve the purpose of automatically and quickly detecting missing carton and automatically and quickly rejecting missing carton under the premise of ensuring carton conveying efficiency.

The invention relates to the field of laser radars, and particularly discloses a high-speed small target detection system based on photon detection and a use method, and the system comprises a laser emission module, an optical module, a detection module and a control module. And the laser emission module is coaxially fixed with the detection module and is connected with the optical module and the control module. The laser transmitting module is used for receiving a synchronizing signal and transmitting pulsed light; the optical module is responsible for collimated emission of laser beams and collection of target echo signals; the detection module realizes accurate time marking of each photon event based on a single photon array detector and a time-to-digital converter; the control module is responsible for system synchronization control, timestamp data processing, space-time photon correlation analysis and real-time estimation and prediction of target three-dimensional motion parameters. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of high sensitivity, high time resolution, high refresh rate and strong anti-interference capability, and is suitable for real-time detection and trajectory reconstruction of high-speed small targets.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus and a photoelectric conversion system including the same are disclosed. An exposure controller, a timing generator, a measurer, and a pulse controller are provided. The exposure controller generates a signal defining a plurality of second exposure periods, the plurality of second exposure periods being included in a first exposure period corresponding to one frame and each second exposure period being shorter than the first exposure period. The timing generator generates a pulse signal defining time information within each second exposure period. The measurer counts the pulse signal at or after a first photon detection in the second exposure period based on the pulse signal generated by the timing generator. The pulse controller performs count control of the pulse signal in a subsequent second exposure period of the second exposure periods based on a value of the measurer.

The present disclosure pertains to a ranging device and a ranging system with which it is possible to reduce the number of wires and improve the dynamic range of light intensity vs count. This ranging device comprises a pulse width modulation part that generates and outputs a pulse signal. Said signal is obtained by combining photon detection signals using a plurality of pixels, and is represented in terms of the pulse width by the reaction time of the initially reacted pixel from among the plurality of pixels in a transmission unit and by the pixel number and / or pixel position of the reacted pixels. The technology of the present disclosure can be applied to, for example, a ranging system that detects the distance to a subject in the depth direction by a direct ToF method.

The invention discloses a multi-bit quantum image sensor based on single photon detection and a hardware system, and belongs to the technical field of quantum image sensors. The quantum image sensor comprises a photon detection array; each pixel in the photon detection array corresponds to one quantum response unit; an avalanche trigger circuit in the quantum response unit is used for detecting avalanche current caused when a photon detection unit detects photons and outputting a digital trigger signal; the quenching circuit is used for quickly terminating current after avalanche; the photon counting unit is used for counting the number of photon events within specified exposure time; and the multi-bit quantization unit is used for performing quantization coding on the photon count value based on the statistical characteristics of the photon events. According to the scheme, a hardware integrated processing architecture from quantum image acquisition to image reconstruction is formed, and the imaging effect of image reconstruction based on data acquired by the quantum image sensor is improved.

The application provides a vertical single photon avalanche diode device and a preparation method thereof. The SPAD device comprises a plurality of SPAD units. Each SPAD unit comprises, in a longitudinal section, a substrate and an epitaxial layer arranged on the upper surface of the substrate, a deep trench extending longitudinally is arranged in the epitaxial layer; a filling layer is arranged in the deep trench, and the filling layer is used as a first electrode contact of the SPAD unit; a first well region and a second well region are sequentially arranged on both sides of the deep trench in the epitaxial layer, and the first well region and the second well region are different in doping type; a PN junction is formed between the first well region and the second well region, and the upper surface of the PN junction is the second well region; and a heavily doped region is arranged on the top of the second well region on both sides of the deep trench, and the heavily doped region is used as a second electrode contact of the SPAD unit. By arranging the deep trench in the SPAD structure, the volume of the avalanche region of the SPAD is increased, and the photon detection efficiency of the SPAD is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photon detection, and particularly relates to a frequency up-conversion THz wave-based multi-photon detection system and method, and the system comprises a pump light source unit, a beam combiner, a nonlinear crystal, a light splitting unit, a space photon counting detector, a light shaping device, and a controller. According to the technology, THz up-conversion signals are converted from single time domain detection to time and space domain coincidence detection, meanwhile, by means of the spatial resolving power of the multi-photon detector, when time-synchronous fluorescence is achieved, the technology can be combined with the space light gate technology to execute detection in a light gate where the signals are expected to arrive, and therefore fluorescence components are restrained. Finally, effective detection of THz up-conversion signals with spontaneous parametric up-conversion fluorescence can be realized.

Disclosed is a single photon detection device comprises a photodetection layer including a first surface and a second surface positioned opposite to each other. The photodetection layer comprises a first well having a first conductivity type, diffraction patterns positioned between the second surface and the first well, the diffraction patterns configured to receive incident light and diffract the incident light such that first-order diffracted light has a highest diffraction efficiency in a red or near-infrared wavelength band; a highly doped region positioned between the first surface and the first well and having a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, and a contact region electrically connected to the first well and having the first conductivity type.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods to reduce data volume to be transmitted in a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) device. For example, at least one embodiment pertains to a LiDAR device that comprises one or more circuits to generate statistical measurements of photon detection events and transmit the statistical measurements to a data processing unit for further processing.

This invention provides a photodetector including SPADs, which significantly reduces substrate fabrication costs compared to InGaAs, resulting in fewer residual pulses and suppressed DCR. The photodetector of this invention detects incident light from an object and includes: (i) a P-type silicon (Si) substrate; (ii) a P-type germanium (Ge) layer formed by epitaxial growth on a first surface of the P-type silicon (Si) substrate; (iii) a P-type thin-film silicon (Si) layer formed on the P-type germanium (Ge) layer; and (iv) the P-type thin-film silicon (Si) layer is divided into a first region and a second region by shallow trench isolation, wherein a plurality of single-photon detection diodes (SPADs) arranged in an array are formed in the first region, and a CMOS transistor circuit driving the SPADs is formed in the second region.

The application belongs to the technical field of high-energy physics particle detection, and particularly relates to a high-sensitivity fixed beam damage system based on EQR-SiPM and a quartz rod, which comprises the following steps: one end of the quartz rod is inserted into a containing cavity of a SiPM dark box, and the end face is optically coupled with a photosensitive surface of an EQR-SiPM integrated on a SiPM circuit board; on the SiPM circuit board: an output end of a voltage amplification circuit is connected to a signal input end of a SiPM signal processing system through an SMA interface and a coaxial cable, and a signal output end is connected to a central control OPI through a control network; and a attenuator is further connected in series between the output end of the voltage amplification circuit and an analog input end of the SiPM signal processing system. The application can identify weak beam damage of the order of 10^(-18) J by virtue of high photon detection efficiency and high light transmittance of the quartz rod, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, nanosecond-level time resolution, anti-magnetic field interference, wide dynamic range, and small and compact structure.

A method of manufacturing single-photon detector includes forming a first electrode on a front side of a substrate, removing the substrate and preforming ion implantation on a backside of an epitaxial layer to form a contact region for a second electrode, which extends from the surface of the epitaxial layer to a first predetermined depth within the epitaxial layer. The second electrode is be electrically connected to the contact region for the second electrode. Since the substrate is removed, the epitaxial layer, which is provided as a semiconductor layer, has a uniform thickness. The contact region for the second electrode has a uniform thickness, and its dopant concentration is easy to control and adjust. Thus, the second electrode can be formed so as to have uniform contact resistance across its different regions.

A computing system can be configured for low-photon-count visual object classification. The computing system can include a photon detection system including one or more cells. Each of the one or more cells can include one or more photon detectors. Each of the one or more photon detectors can be configured to output photon signatures in response to a photon being incident on the one or more photon detectors. The computing system can include one or more processors and one or more memory devices storing computer-readable data. The data can include a low-photon-count classification model and one or more instructions that, when implemented, cause the one or more processors to perform operations for low-photon-count visual object recognition. The operations can include obtaining a photon signature from a photon detection system. The operations can include providing the photon signature to a low-photon-count classification model. The operations can include determining, by the low-photon-count classification model, a classification of a visual object disposed in view of the photon detection system based at least in part on the photon signature. The operations can include providing the classification as output of the low-photon-count classification model.

The application provides a wind measurement laser radar system and method based on quantum interference, a laser provides pulsed laser and continuous laser; the pulsed laser is emitted to a target airspace and a backscattering signal is received; the continuous laser is divided into first and second interference local oscillation lights; the second interference local oscillation light is adjusted to obtain quantum interference local oscillation light with intensity in a set proportion to the intensity of the backscattering signal; the backscattering signal is switched to a classical or quantum interference detection channel; classical interference detection data are obtained in the classical interference detection channel, and first wind speed information data are calculated according to the classical interference detection data; first and second single-photon detection data are obtained in the quantum interference detection channel, and second wind speed information data are calculated according to the first and second single-photon detection data; the first and second wind speed information data are spliced and spline interpolated to supplement the missing wind speed information data caused by the response time of the optical switch, and the wind speed information of the target airspace is obtained.

The pulse width compression PPM modulation method based on superconducting nanowire single-photon detection belongs to the technical field of signal processing. In view of the problems that the prior art cannot reduce the communication capacity, increase the system overhead and solve the ranging accuracy when reducing the communication error rate caused by random jitter. The pulse width in the PPM symbol is compressed at the sending end, the time fluctuation range of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector response pulse is reduced, and the ranging error caused by time fluctuation is reduced. The time range of the random appearance of photons is compressed, the crosstalk of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector response pulse to the adjacent time slot is reduced, the symbol decision error probability is reduced, and the communication reliability is improved. The signal light power is limited in a smaller time range, the instantaneous light power in the pulse time period is improved, the light power utilization efficiency is improved at the same transmission power, and a longer transmission distance is achieved. The present application is suitable for the field of communication and is used for improving the transmission distance and the ranging accuracy.

Disclosed herein is a photon detector assembly for a medical imaging device. The photon detector assembly for the medical imaging device includes a conversion material to convert X-ray radiation into electric charges; anodes and a cathode arranged on opposite sides of the conversion material; and a support opposite to the cathode. A gap exists between the support and the cathode; an illumination device on the support facing the cathode.

This invention relates to an integrated quantum random number generator (iQRNG), particularly a photonic QRNG monolithically constructed in a shared semiconductor substrate within the same material system in a scalable and fully integrated manner. It comprises a photon source and a detector for single photons directly coupled to the source, implemented in a particularly compact and attack-resistant manner on a semiconductor-structured technology platform open for a wide range of applications. The subject of this invention is an integrated quantum random number generator iQRNG (200) comprising a photon source (120) and a single-photon detector (130), wherein the photon source (120) and the single-photon detector (130) are arranged vertically overlapping each other in a shared substrate (110) made of semiconductor material. Furthermore, this invention also relates to an integrated electronic circuit (500) comprising at least one iQRNG (200) according to the invention.