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In physics a drift velocity is the average velocity attained by charged particles, such as electrons, in a material due to an electric field. In general, an electron in a conductor will propagate randomly at the Fermi velocity, resulting in an average velocity of zero. Applying an electric field adds to this random motion a small net flow in one direction; this is the drift. Drift velocity is proportional to current.
A velocity-controlled graphene non-reciprocal near-field thermal radiation measurement device and method
This invention proposes a velocity-controlled graphene non-reciprocal near-field thermal radiation measurement device and method, belonging to the fields of nanoscale thermal management and photonics technology. A first graphene plate and a second graphene plate are placed parallel to each other in a high-vacuum cavity, with a nanoscale vacuum gap between them. A macroscopic displacement platform is connected to the first graphene plate to control its macroscopic movement velocity along the interface direction. A precision DC power supply is connected to the second graphene plate to inject current to induce microscopic drift velocity of its internal charge carriers. A high-precision temperature sensor is in contact with both graphene plates to monitor their temperature. A near-field heat flux meter is located on the back side of the second graphene plate to measure the radiative heat flux passing through the gap. A calculation and control unit is connected to the macroscopic displacement platform, the precision DC power supply, the high-precision temperature sensor, and the near-field heat flux meter to coordinate and control the velocity parameters and collect and process heat flux data.
Owner:HARBIN INST OF TECH