The invention discloses a method for improving size precision and surface quality of Nb521
alloy formed through
electron beam selective melting. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a three-dimensional model of the Nb521
alloy is stretched in the height direction,
slicing and layering are conducted, each single
slicing layer is divided into an inner area and an outer area, and data of each
slicing layer are obtained; secondly, spherical Nb521 pre-alloyed
powder is added, and data of all
cutting layers are imported; 3, after
powder spreading, scanning and melting in different areas to form a first single-layer
solid sheet layer; and 4,
powder spreading and melting processes are repeated. According to the method, through height stretching pre-compensation cooling shrinkage of the Nb521
alloy three-dimensional model, a single
cutting layer is divided into a surface area and an internal area, double-concentric-square-shaped contour scanning is conducted on the surface area, snakelike
continuous scanning, negative defocusing and corner dynamic adjustment are conducted on the internal area, the forming quality and efficiency are guaranteed, and the method is suitable for large-scale production. And the size precision and the surface quality of the Nb521 alloy part are improved, and the method is suitable for manufacturing Nb521 alloy complex structural parts.