2480 results about "Photodetector" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to an active graded magnetic compensation system and method for an unshielded SERF magnetometer. The system comprises: a detection laser, a half-wave plate, a magnetic field compensation coil, a magnetic field modulation coil, a non-magnetic heating assembly, an alkali-metal atomic vapor cell, a polarizing beam splitter prism, a balanced photodetector, a graded feedback control module, a pump laser, a quarter-wave plate, a focusing lens and a photodetector. By means of the present disclosure, a graded compensation system is used to realize high-precision compensation for a magnetic field within a large dynamic range in a geomagnetic environment, thereby ensuring that an instrument carries out high-sensitivity magnetic field measurement under geomagnetic conditions.

A positron emission tomography (PET) scanner includes a plurality of gamma radiation detector modules arranged to form a detector ring. Each detector module includes an array of scintillator detectors. Each scintillator detector comprises a monolithic scintillation crystal and a plurality of photodetector arrays, such as silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). A photodetector array is positioned on at least two nonparallel faces of each scintillation crystal. In some examples, a photodetector array is positioned on each of three orthogonal faces of each scintillation crystal.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards an image sensor comprising a pixel with a dual-PD layout for enhanced scaling down. The pixel spans a first integrated circuit (IC) die and a second IC die stacked with the first IC die. The pixel comprises a plurality of photodetectors in the first IC die, and further comprises a plurality of pixel transistors split amongst the first IC die and the second IC die. The plurality of photodetectors are grouped into one or more pairs, each having the dual-PD layout. A DTI structure completely and individually surrounds the plurality of photodetectors, and further extends completely through a substrate within which the plurality of photodetectors are arranged. As such, the DTI structure completely separates the plurality of photodetectors from each other.

The invention provides a signal acquisition system of a photoelectric detector. In the signal acquisition system, a transimpedance pre-amplification circuit is arranged at the output end of the photoelectric detector, and a passive high-pass filter circuit is connected between the transimpedance pre-amplification circuit and a post-voltage amplification circuit. And a feedback network is formed in the transimpedance pre-amplification circuit and is used for converting a current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a proportional first voltage signal and outputting the proportional first voltage signal. The filter circuit is a third-order LC high-pass filter circuit and is used for suppressing direct current, low frequency and self-beat frequency components and keeping a 10-90MHz pass band flat. The rear voltage amplification circuit adopts a voltage amplification structure of a voltage operational amplifier, the voltage gain Av is 6-10, and the super-band gain is limited through a shunt capacitor. According to the embodiment of the invention, through the structure and parameter setting, the noise gain peak value is suppressed, and the system stability is improved.

A subpixel including at least one second-conductivity-type pinned photodiode layer that forms a p-n junction with a substrate semiconductor layer, at least one floating diffusion region, and at least one transfer gate stack structure. The at least one transfer gate stack structure may at least partially laterally surround the at least one second-conductivity-type pinned photodiode layer with a total azimuthal extension angle in a range from 240 degrees to 360 degrees around a geometrical center of the second-conductivity-type pinned photodiode layer. The at least one transfer gate stack structure may include multiple edges that overlie different segments of a periphery of the at least one second-conductivity-type pinned photodiode layer, and the floating diffusion region includes a portion located between the first edge and the second edge. In addition, multiple transfer gate stack structures and multiple floating diffusion regions may be present in the subpixel.

A first portion of incoming light and a second portion of incoming light travel in opposite directions within a first optical waveguide. A ring resonator in-couples the first portion of incoming light and the second portion of incoming light from the first optical waveguide, such that the first portion of incoming light and the second portion of incoming light travel in opposite directions within the ring resonator. A second optical waveguide is disposed to in-couple the first portion of incoming light and the second portion of incoming light couple from the ring resonator, such that the first portion of incoming light and the second portion of incoming light travel in opposite directions within the second optical waveguide away from the ring resonator. One or more photodetector(s) are optically connected to receive the first portion of incoming light and the second portion of incoming light from the second optical waveguide.

A method of scanning a field of view implemented by a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system includes transmitting pulsed light into the field of view; receiving, by a photodetector array, light from the field of view, wherein the photodetector array is configured to receive the light from objects in the field of view corresponding to ambient light and the pulsed light reflected therefrom; generating, by the photodetector array, DC signal components exclusively attributed to receiving the ambient light and AC signal components exclusively attributed to receiving the pulsed light; separating, by a processing circuit, the DC signal components from the AC signal components; generating, by the processing circuit, a two-dimensional image that represents an ambient light image of the field of view from the DC signal components; and generating, by the processing circuit, a three-dimensional image of the field of view from the AC signal components.

The classical channel employs a transmit laser and classical modulator. The quantum channel employs a nonlinear medium and spontaneous parametric down conversion producing quantum entangled signal and idler photon pairs which are encoded. The classical and quantum channels are combined to define a propagated hybrid signal. The receiver splits the hybrid signal on basis of wavelength into classical and quantum channels. The quantum receiver employs optical parametric amplification, supplied with energy from a second harmonic generation device synchronized to the classical carrier wavelength. A photodetector and extracts a quantum message from the quantum signal.

A ray detector substrate includes: photodetectors including first photodetectors and second photodetectors; and dimming portions including, at a side of each first photodetector away from a substrate, a respective first dimming portion, and, at a side of each second photodetector away from the substrate, a respective second dimming portion. A second scintillator layer is configured to convert part of rays into a first radiation fluorescence. A first scintillator layer is configured to convert another part of the rays into a second radiation fluorescence. The first dimming portion is configured to reflect the second radiation fluorescence, and to enable the first radiation fluorescence to pass through the first dimming portion to be detected by the first photodetector. The second dimming portion is configured to reflect the first radiation fluorescence, and to enable the second radiation fluorescence to pass through the second dimming portion to be detected by the second photodetector.

An electro-optic receiver includes a bus optical waveguide and a plurality of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) receiver slices positioned along the bus optical waveguide. Each of the plurality of WDM receiver slices includes a WDM element optically coupled to the bus optical waveguide, a photodetector, and a receiver circuit. The photodetector is optically connected to the WDM element by both a first optical connection and a second optical connection. The WDM element conveys a first component of input light through the first optical connection to the photodetector, and a second component of input light through the second optical connection to the photodetector, where first and second components of input light travel in opposite directions through the bus optical waveguide. The receiver circuit generates an electrical data signal from photocurrents received from the photodetector.

The present invention relates to a device for measuring a line current. Said device comprises at least three sensor elements having paramagnetic centres, a pump-radiation source, an optical system, and at least three photodetectors which function as part of receiving systems and are each associated with a sensor element. In addition, the device contains two magnetic field sources which generate different bias magnetic fields for each sensor element. The pump-radiation source emits pump radiation into the optical system, which distributes the pump radiation to the sensor elements and thereby irradiates the paramagnetic centres with the pump radiation. These centres emit fluorescence radiation, the intensity and phase shift of which depend on the AC drive signal of the evaluation and control device and on the magnetic flux density acting upon them. The fluorescence radiation is separated from the pump radiation by the optical system and guided onto the photodetectors. The evaluation and control device generates a single-frequency sinusoidal AC drive signal having a frequency of 22 MHz (-4 MHz / +7 MHz), or within a range of 18 MHz to 29 MHz. The lock-in amplifiers are coupled to the sensor elements and evaluate the output signal of the photodetectors with respect to the AC drive signal in order to produce measurement values. Based on these measurement values, the evaluation and control device determines an estimated value for the magnitude of the line current in the line.

The invention discloses a depth time delay reserve pool calculation method based on an electric cascade photoelectric feedback laser. An adopted depth time delay RC system comprises a T-shaped bias device, a semiconductor laser and a photoelectric detector. A signal of the input layer is injected into the first-layer storage pool through the T-shaped bias device; an optical signal output by a laser 1 is divided into three paths after passing through a photoelectric detector, one path returns to the laser 1 through a feedback time delay loop, one path is injected into a second-layer storage pool through a T-shaped bias device, and the other path reaches an output layer to obtain a virtual node state of a first layer; an optical signal output by the laser 2 is divided into two paths after passing through a photoelectric detector, one path returns to the laser 2 through a feedback time delay loop, and the other path reaches an output layer to obtain a virtual node state of a second layer; and finally, linearly weighting the virtual nodes of the two layers of reserve pools to obtain the output of the system. According to the invention, real layering, high dynamic adjustability and excellent integration feasibility of the system structure are realized, and the system is more suitable for processing complex tasks in the real world.

A method may include illuminating an overlay target on a sample as the sample is translated along a stage-scan direction with two or more illumination beams. The two or more illumination beams include at least a first illumination beam having a first wavelength and a second illumination beam having a second wavelength, where the first wavelength is different than the second wavelength. The method may further include receiving time-varying interference signals from two or more photodetectors associated with a first-layer grating feature and a second-layer grating feature of a grating-over-grating structure. The first-layer grating feature may have a first pitch and the second-layer grating feature may have a second pitch different than the first pitch. The method may further include determining an overlay measurement between one of the first-layer grating feature and the second-layer grating feature of the sample based on the time-varying interference signals.

Methods, systems, and devices for private radio communication in frontline work environments are disclosed. In some embodiments, private radio communication is provided by a radio device configured to decrease the audio output volume from the radio device’s speaker when the radio device is positioned near or against the head of a user. The radio device is configured to determine the position of the radio device relative to the user’s head via one or more sensors. In some embodiments the sensors include a photodetector, and the radio device decreases the volume of the audio output based on the incident light detected by the photodetector. In some embodiments, the radio device shifts volumes based further on input from a push-to-talk (PTT) button. In some embodiments the radio device shifts between a PTT mode of operation and a non-PTT mode of operation based on proximity to the user’s head.

A touch sensor panel can include a micro-driver region corresponding to a chiplet micro-driver and a photodetector region corresponding to a photodetector. A first layer of opaque material in the micro-driver region and the photodetector region can include a plurality of openings in the micro-driver region and the photodetector region. The plurality of openings can include a first opening in the micro-driver region opposite the chiplet micro-driver and a second opening in the photodetector region opposite the photodetector. The touch sensor panel can include a plurality of metal layers between the first layer of opaque material and the chiplet micro-driver and the photodetector. One or more first portions of one or more of the plurality of metal layers can be disposed opposite the first opening and be configured to at least partially block light entering the first opening from being incident on the chiplet micro-driver.

The invention discloses a highly packaged magnetic sensing chip based on an NV color center, and the chip comprises a packaging housing (1) which is provided with a packaging pedestal and chip pins. The chip is characterized in that the chip also comprises an NV color center diamond (2) which is arranged on the packaging base; the laser diode bare chip (3) is arranged on the packaging base, and the light-emitting side of the laser diode bare chip faces the NV color center diamond; the microwave transmission microstrip line (4) is arranged between the interior and the edge of the packaging base and is electrically connected with the chip pins; the first photoelectric detector assembly (5) is arranged on the NV color center diamond and used for collecting fluorescence signals.

The waveguide carrying a nonlinear crystal with reflective interface, a pump photon source and a circulator define an optical parametric amplifier which uses optical power from the pump photons to boost incoming signal and idler photons which carry the encoded signal. The nonlinear crystal performs optical parametric amplification upon the incoming optical signal in a quantum photonic process that generates additional signal and idler photons to thereby boost the intensity of the incoming signal. A photodetector is coupled for communication with the third port and operative to convert the reflected optical signal into an electrical signal defining the output of the communications receiver.

The present disclosure relates a high entropy oxide and preparation method thereof. Specifically, the present disclosure provides a high entropy oxide of formula (FeNiCrMnMgCu)O including spinel structure, and the spinel structure includes oxygen vacancy (OV) concentration of 20 to 40%. The present disclosure further provides a photodetector, which includes a substrate, an absorbing layer comprising the high entropy oxide, and an electrode unit. With the plenty of oxygen vacancies, the high entropy oxide shows the excellent optical absorption properties, thereby having a bright prospect of the application.

The invention provides a fast color single-pixel imaging system and method based on an FPGA and a DLP projector, the fast color single-pixel imaging system comprises the DLP projector, a single-pixel photoelectric detector, an AD data acquisition card, a Raspberry Pi and the FPGA, the Raspberry Pi is adopted as an upper computer, the FPGA and the AD data acquisition card are dispatched to work cooperatively, and the DLP projector and the single-pixel photoelectric detector are integrated. The rapid and stable projection of the substrate pattern and the accurate sampling of the corresponding reflected light intensity information are realized, and the efficient reconstruction of the color image of the target scene is further realized. In a data acquisition stage of an imaging system, an HDMI image data output task is executed by the FPGA, and the FPGA outputs an image frame synchronization signal, so that the stability problem and the signal synchronization problem when a substrate pattern is played at a high frame rate (60Hz) are solved by making full use of the advantages of stable and controllable sequential logic and no software level scheduling delay of the FPGA, and the stability problem and the signal synchronization problem when the substrate pattern is played at a high frame rate (60Hz) are solved. And the influence of image tearing, frame loss and frame repetition on image reconstruction is eliminated.

The invention discloses an MOMES accelerometer based on light intensity modulation, and belongs to the technical field of micro-electro-mechanical systems and inertial measurement. The MOMES accelerometer comprises a silicon-based base, a mass block, a fixed anchor point, an elastic beam assembly and a double-photoelectric detector. The mass block is hung on the silicon-based base through the elastic beam assembly and the fixed anchor point, the fixed anchor point is fixed on the surface of the silicon-based base, and the fixed anchor point is connected with the elastic beam assembly; the center of the mass block is provided with a light hole which completely penetrates through the thickness direction. And the double photoelectric detector is fixed on the surface of the silicon-based base and is positioned in a light projection area of the light hole. When the accelerometer is subjected to the action of external acceleration along the Y-axis direction, the rectangular mass block generates displacement relative to the silicon-based base, so that the light intensity distribution of a light spot projected by the light hole on the double photoelectric detector generates differential change; the accelerometer has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong anti-interference capability, good process compatibility and the like, and is suitable for high-precision inertial measurement.

A gas absorption spectrometer is a gas absorption spectrometer that measures sample gas, and includes a resonator 100A including at least two mirrors, a laser light source that emits laser beams for irradiation of the resonator 100A, and a photodetector that detects light taken out of the resonator. The resonator includes an inner chamber 1A where mirrors 21 and 22 are accommodated, the inner chamber defining a measurement space 15 where sample gas is to be introduced, an outer chamber 3 arranged outside inner chamber 1A for vacuum insulation of the measurement space 15 from the outside, and a cooler 9 arranged within the outer chamber 3 at a distance from the inner chamber 1A, the cooler including an internal space where coolant flows.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and provides an avalanche photodetector and a preparation method thereof, and the detector comprises a substrate, an epitaxial layer, a peripheral p-type injection well, an active region p-type injection well, an active region n-type injection well and a surface n-type injection region. The epitaxial layer is formed on the substrate, and the peripheral p-type injection well is formed in a first region and a second region on the epitaxial layer; an active region p-type injection well is formed in a third region on the epitaxial layer; the active region n-type injection well is formed on the active region p-type injection well, and the surface n-type injection region is formed on the active region n-type injection well. A plurality of periodically spaced central avalanche regions are longitudinally formed by the active region p-type injection well and the active region n-type injection well in an alternative ion injection mode with different energy and doses, so that the preparation process is compatible, the detection efficiency of the SPAD is effectively improved, and excessive noise is not additionally increased.

The invention relates to an Optical Front-end, OFE, (400) for Optical Wireless Communication, OWC, the OFE comprising: an optical receiver with at least a photodetector (102a) and a trans-impedance amplifier, and a two-dimensional array of optical transmitters (103a) each having an individual transmitter field-of-view, and one or more drivers, the two-dimensional array arranged to create a combined transmitter field of view that is larger than 5 the individual transmitter field of view, the plurality of optical transmitters arranged such that optical axes of the plurality of optical transmitters are evenly distributed within the combined transmitter field of view.

The present document describes methods and systems for amplifying and quantifying amplification of a nucleic acid molecule, with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), by irradiating, with a heating activation light beam from a continuous wave laser a biological enzymatic reaction mixture in solution comprising a nucleic acid template, a polymerase enzyme, and chemically modified nanoparticles. Quantification of the amplification is achieved by irradiating the biological enzymatic reaction mixture during an annealing and / or elongation steps with an ultraviolet (UV) light source and measuring with a photodetector a transmission change in UV light transmission.

A photodetector according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a semiconductor substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposed to each other, and including a plurality of pixels and a photoelectric converter, the plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, and the photoelectric converter that is formed for each of the pixels to be embedded in the semiconductor substrate, and generates an electric charge corresponding to an amount of received light by photoelectric conversion; a microlens disposed on side of the first surface to extend over adjacent pixels of the plurality of pixels; and a plurality of scatterers having different indices, the plurality of scatterers stacked in a collection optical path of the microlens.

An optical demultiplexer circuit is configured to demultiplex a plurality of polarized optical signals using the same set of photonics components. A multiplexed optical signal may be split into two or more polarized optical signals, each carrying a plurality of data streams that are multiplexed onto different wavelength components. An optical resonator structure, an optical waveguide structure, and a photodetector structure of the optical demultiplexer circuit are configured to demultiplex a wavelength component from the two or more polarized optical signals, as opposed to having separate optical resonator structures for each of the two or more polarized optical signals. The two or more polarized optical signals may propagate along an optical waveguide loop in opposite directions toward the optical resonator structure and may optically couple to the waveguide structure through the optical resonator structure.

A lidar system for simultaneously measuring the column concentration of methane and the profile concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere is disclosed. The device includes a laser emission module: a 1645nm monoline seed laser, a 1645nm offline1 seed laser, a 1645nm offline2 seed laser, a 1064nm pump laser, a laser frequency-locking module, an optical parametric oscillator, a frequency doubling module, and emitting optical components; an echo receiving module: an integrating sphere module, an optical receiving telescope assembly, a beam splitter, filter assembly 1, filter assembly 2, photodetector 1, and photodetector 2; and a data acquisition and processing module. This invention utilizes the frequency doubling relationship between the absorption lines of methane and water vapor to simplify the complex structure of a dual-band, multi-wavelength laser. It employs seed-injected optical parametric oscillator technology to obtain a high-frequency stable 1645nm fundamental frequency light, which is then frequency-doubled to obtain an 822nm laser. The profile concentration of water vapor and the column concentration of methane in the atmosphere can be measured using differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and integral path differential absorption (IPDA) technologies, respectively.

The invention discloses a laser radar ranging and imaging system and method. The system comprises a dual-wavelength laser emission module, a common-path optical transceiver module and a light-splitting-free detection module. The common-optical-path optical transceiver module is used for combining the purple laser pulse and the near-infrared laser pulse into a coaxial laser beam, guiding the coaxial laser beam to a target, receiving an echo optical signal which is returned from the target and comprises the purple laser pulse and the near-infrared laser pulse, and integrally exporting the echo optical signal; the light-splitting-free detection module comprises a gallium nitride photoelectric detector, a silicon photomultiplier detector and a signal processor. The underwater echo and the water surface echo are directly separated from each other on the physical level by using the dual-function characteristics of purple light absorption and infrared transmission of the gallium nitride detector. According to the design, sounding errors caused by signal aliasing of a traditional single-wavelength system are fundamentally eliminated, and the measurement precision is remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor device design and simulation, in particular to a multi-physics-field coupled photoelectric detector modeling method and system, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the spatial distribution of the carrier generation rate, the carrier recombination rate, the potential, the distribution of electron concentration and hole concentration, and heat effect feedback data of a surface incidence semiconductor photoelectric detector; calculating the current density distribution of the target surface incident semiconductor photoelectric detector under the dynamic input optical power; based on an automatic differential Newton iteration method, a multi-physics field coupling equation set is solved according to spatial distribution of a carrier generation rate, current density distribution, a carrier recombination rate, potential, distribution of electron concentration and hole concentration and heat effect feedback data; and establishing an equivalent circuit model of the surface incidence semiconductor photoelectric detector, and carrying out co-simulation with an external circuit. Therefore, the problems of insufficient physical field coupling, poor numerical stability, low calculation efficiency, inaccurate simulation and the like in a traditional photoelectric detector simulation method are solved.

The present invention relates to a multispectrum endoscope and an endoscope system comprising same. The multispectrum endoscope of the present invention comprises: a first light source emitting infrared rays having a plurality of wavelengths; a plurality of multimode optical fibers for guiding the infrared rays emitted from the first light source toward a sample; a second light source emitting a visible ray; an optical fiber for guiding the visible ray emitted from the second light source toward the sample; a lens part for receiving a fluorescent signal emitted from the sample and a visible light signal reflected off the sample; and an optical fiber bundle for guiding the fluorescent signal and / or the visible light signal received by the lens part toward a multispectrum photodetector, wherein the optical fiber bundle is disposed so as to be surrounded by the plurality of multimode optical fibers, and the end portion of the multispectrum endoscope emitting the visible ray surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of multimode optical fibers.