617 results about "Water splitting" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a self-supporting hollow carbon nanofiber membrane with metal M and metal M compound heterojunction is prepared through a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology; the self-supporting electrode with a high specific surface area and a rapid mass transfer channel is formed by regulating and controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution of the outer layer and the inner layer and a high-temperature carbonization process, the metal M is selected from one of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and molybdenum, and the metal M compound is one of oxide, hydroxide, carbide, nitride, phosphide and chalcogenide. Compared with the prior art, the self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode disclosed by the invention has good mechanical stability, good hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and excellent HER and OER bifunctional catalytic activity, and can be used for efficiently and completely decomposing water.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a rare earth element doped nickel-based selenide nano-material and application of the rare earth element doped nickel-based selenide nano-material in electro-catalysis water full-hydrolysis reaction. According to the method, nickel salt, cerium salt, selenium dioxide and potassium chloride are prepared into electrolyte, and the electrolyte is subjected to electro-deposition on a foamed nickel substrate to obtain Ce-doped Ni0.85Se nanoparticles growing on foamed nickel. The crystal structure and electron distribution of Ni0.85Se are optimized by doping trace rare earth element cerium, so that the HER and OER performances of the Ni0.85Se are greatly improved. The prepared catalyst is self-supporting closely-packed nanoparticles, the formed amorphous structure is easy to expose more active sites, the catalyst has good electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution performance under alkaline conditions, the overpotential in electrocatalysis of nickel-based selenide is greatly reduced, and the electrocatalytic performance of nickel-based selenide is improved. And excellent electro-catalytic activity is shown in electro-catalytic water full hydrolysis. And the self-supporting electrode is not easy to fall off due to generation of bubbles in the reaction process, so that the working stability of the catalyst is improved.

The invention relates to a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and methods for using the catalyst in a water-splitting process. A hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst, and a method and use for preparing a HER electrocatalyst are disclosed. The method comprises the step of forming a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) interface at a heterojunction of at least one of two or more alternating layers of a first complex oxide and a second complex oxide, wherein the or each 2DEG interface exhibits a current density, corresponding to an intrinsic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity that renders the 2DEG interface(s) suitable as an HER electrocatalyst for producing hydrogen (H2) from a water-based electrolyte by water electrolysis.

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of nano materials, and discloses a CoP / Co (OH) 2 sea urchin-shaped heterojunction catalyst growing on foamed nickel and a preparation method and application of the CoP / Co (OH) 2 sea urchin-shaped heterojunction catalyst. Alkali cobalt carbonate (CoCH) is used as a precursor, a crystalline phase CoP substrate is generated through a low-temperature phosphating method, then the surface of the crystalline phase CoP substrate is uniformly coated with an amorphous Co (OH) 2 layer through an electro-deposition process, and the self-supporting phosphating / hydroxyl heterogeneous structure catalyst (CoP / Co (OH) 2) is successfully constructed. The obtained CoP / Co (OH) 2 shows excellent complete water splitting performance, and is benefited from the high-activity specific surface area (Cdl = 44.66 mF cm <-2 >) and the interface rapid electron conduction characteristic (Rct = 0.43 omega) of a heterogeneous structure; when two electrodes are assembled to fully decompose water, the cell voltage is only 1.780 V when the current density is 250 mA cm <-2 >, and after continuous operation is carried out for 24 hours, the performance is basically kept unchanged, and the voltage fluctuation ratio is lower than 0.5%. CoP / Co (OH) 2 is prepared into a 2 * 2cm < 2 > self-supporting electrode to construct AEMWE, only 2.08 V cell voltage is needed under the ultrahigh current density of 1A cm <-2 >, the AEMWE can stably run for 250 hours, the attenuation rate is 80 mu V h <-1 >, meanwhile, the hydrogen production efficiency is calculated to reach 96.2% through gas metering and Faraday law, and the engineering potential of the AEMWE in large-scale hydrogen production application is verified.

The present invention discloses a preparation method and application of a MOF-on-MOF heterojunction metal-organic framework material rich in oxygen defects, belonging to the technical field of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. The present invention first grows Ni NDC nanosheets in situ on a carrier by a solvothermal method, and then grows Fe BDC nanosheets on the surface of the Ni NDC nanosheets by a solvothermal method to form Ni NDC@Fe BDC ultra-thin nanosheets. This method can synthesize a MOF-on-MOF type metal-organic framework under the premise of lattice mismatch. The synthesized Ni NDC@Fe BDC combines the advantages of multi-component material hybridization, ultra-thin nanosheets and defect induction, which can increase the number of active sites and promote the rapid transfer / redistribution of electrons in the catalytic process. The MOF-on-MOF heterojunction metal-organic framework has good electrocatalytic performance and excellent total water decomposition performance in alkaline oxygen evolution reaction.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification, and particularly discloses commercial filtering type magnetization water purification equipment which comprises a first magnetization body, a second magnetization body and a water purification device. And the plurality of magnets are arranged outside the magnetized body at intervals in the circumferential direction. When the water flow moves along the spiral flow channel, the water flow not only rotates along with the flow channel, but also continuously cuts the surrounding magnetic induction lines, compared with a traditional linear flow channel, the relative movement of the water flow and the magnetic induction lines is more complex, hydrogen bonds among water molecules can be more effectively broken, macromolecular group water is decomposed into micromolecular group water, and the permeability and solubility of the water are improved.

A nanocomposite catalyst for use as an electrode in water electrolysis includes a cobalt triazole (Co-Tri) metal-organic framework (MOF), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), carbon nanosheets (CNs), and an ionically conductive polymer binder. The mass ratio of the nanocomposite catalyst includes cobalt triazole metal-organic framework to the carbon quantum dots is in the range of 1:2 to 1:4, and the mass ratio of the cobalt triazole metal organic framework to the carbon nanosheets mass ratio is in the range of 1:4 to 1:6. The nanocomposite catalyst includes current density less than or equal to (≤) −5 milliampere per centimeter square (mA·cm−2) at an applied potential of −100 millivolts (mV) when catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a bimetallic sulfide / three-dimensional porous carbon catalyst, and relates to the technical field of electrolyzed water catalysts.The preparation method comprises the following steps that melamine sponge is cleaned, and the clean melamine sponge is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving metal salt 1 and metal salt 2 in an ethanol aqueous solution, and adding alkali and an aniline monomer to obtain a precursor solution; completely soaking the clean melamine sponge in a precursor solution, carrying out constant-temperature hydrothermal reaction, and sequentially washing and drying to obtain the melamine sponge anchored with bimetal ions; introducing inert gas for protection, and performing high-temperature vulcanization treatment to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon catalyst embedded with the bimetallic sulfide heterostructure. The catalyst comprises uniformly dispersed bimetallic sulfide nanoparticles and a spongy three-dimensional porous carbon carrier, shows excellent bifunctional catalytic activity and stability when being applied to an electro-catalytic water decomposition reaction, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a high-entropy perovskite material and a preparation method and application thereof, the chemical formula of the high-entropy perovskite material is ABO3, the A-site element is La element, and the B-site element is selected from 5-10 transition metal elements; the high-entropy perovskite material has a two-dimensional Tailing structure, nano-particles are arranged in a cross-linking manner, and gaps are formed among the particles. Compared with the prior art, the two-dimensional Turing structure high-entropy perovskite material is endowed with excellent electro-catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production performance due to unique morphology and components, is adaptive to fluctuation power of clean energy such as wind energy and solar energy, and has a wide industrial application prospect.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of a ferroelectric full water-splitting photocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: pretreating a ferroelectric material to obtain a pretreated ferroelectric material; S2: after atomic layer deposition of the pretreated ferroelectric material and a metal organic complex source material, non-active gas I is introduced to perform blowing I, water is introduced, non-active gas II is introduced again to perform blowing II, and the first deposition is completed; and S3: according to the thickness of the ferroelectric full water-splitting photocatalyst, the step S2 is circularly performed to obtain the ferroelectric full water-splitting photocatalyst. The ferroelectric material can efficiently photocatalyze full water splitting through accurate regulation and modification of the surface of the ferroelectric material by the atomic layer deposition technology. The method not only provides an experimental basis for researching the limiting factors of the ferroelectric material in a photocatalytic reaction, but also provides a new idea for constructing an efficient photocatalyst by using efficient charge separation and depolarization electric field of the ferroelectric material.

A nanocomposite material including iron sulfide (FeS2) nanoparticles, iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) nanosheets and a method of its preparation. The nanocomposite is used in a method of forming oxygen gas from water using an applied voltage and photoirradiation, a method of forming hydrogen gas from water using an applied voltage and photoirradiation, and a method of photodegrading organic pollutants using visible light photoirradiation.

The present invention discloses a preparation method and application of a cadmium sulfide nanotube array catalyst. First, a cadmium sulfide nanorod array is prepared on a conductive glass by a hydrothermal method; then, a cadmium sulfide nanotube array catalyst is prepared by etching the cadmium sulfide nanorod array using a photolithography method. The cadmium sulfide nanotube array catalyst prepared by the present invention utilizes the excellent visible light absorption characteristics of cadmium sulfide to improve the light energy utilization rate, and uses a tubular nanostructure with a large specific surface area to increase the active area of the photoelectrocatalytic water splitting reaction, effectively promoting the separation and transmission of photogenerated carriers, inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated carriers, and showing excellent photoelectrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production performance. The process of the present invention is simple, the synthesized substance has high purity, the size is at the nanometer level, and the raw materials used are cheap, which is suitable for the field of photoelectrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production.

The invention discloses a hydrogen-rich water generating device, and relates to the technical field of water treatment, the hydrogen-rich water generating device comprises a base and a support frame fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base; and the electrolysis mechanism is used for decomposing water into oxygen and hydrogen under the action of direct current, through the arrangement of the electrolysis mechanism, water flow in the electrolysis mechanism can be electrolyzed when the electrolysis mechanism works and is connected to a power source, and the principle is that the water is decomposed into the hydrogen and the oxygen through the direct current. In the electrolysis process, the cathode is subjected to a reduction reaction to generate hydrogen, the anode is subjected to an oxidation reaction to generate oxygen, and the total reaction is that water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen; the separation mechanism is used for shunting oxygen and hydrogen electrolyzed by the electrolysis mechanism, and the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side face of the separation mechanism. And the effect of producing hydrogen-rich water by utilizing the electrolysis principle to produce hydrogen is achieved.

The present invention relates to a perovskite photoanode and, more specifically, to a perovskite photoanode comprising: an oxygen generation part comprising a first lower electrode, a first electron transport layer formed on the first lower electrode, a perovskite first light absorbing layer formed on the first electron transport layer, a first hole transport layer formed on the first light absorbing layer, a first upper electrode formed on the first hole transport layer, a first Ni thin-film layer formed on the first upper electrode, and an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst layer formed on the first Ni thin film layer; and a passivation part comprising a second lower electrode, a second electron transport layer formed on the second lower electrode layer, a perovskite second light absorbing layer formed on the second electron transport layer, a second hole transport layer formed on the second light absorbing layer, a second upper electrode formed on the second hole transport layer, and a second Ni thin-film layer formed on the second upper electrode, wherein the first lower electrode and the second upper electrode are electrically connected to each other.

The invention relates to the technical field of photo-anodes, in particular to a composite photo-anode with transition metal ions embedded into phosphoric acid small organic molecules and a preparation method of the composite photo-anode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, soaking a bismuth vanadate photo-anode in a phosphoric acid small organic molecule solution, and then performing annealing treatment to obtain a phosphoric acid small organic molecule / photo-anode; and S2, soaking the phosphoric acid small organic molecule / photo-anode in a transition metal salt solution to obtain the composite photo-anode. According to the invention, hole storage and transmission functions of polyphosphoric acid small organic molecules and surface rapid water oxidation reaction kinetics of metal ions are synergistically utilized, on one hand, the electron-hole separation efficiency of bismuth vanadate is improved through hole storage, and on the other hand, surface hydroxyl groups of the polyphosphoric acid small organic molecules and transition metal ions are anchored; bismuth vanadate surface electron-hole separation and water oxidation kinetics are synergistically enhanced, charge recombination is synergistically inhibited, charge transfer power is promoted, and the photocurrent density and the water decomposition hydrogen production capacity of the photoanode are improved.

A manganese-doped ruthenium dioxide nanofiber material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in alkaline electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution at industrial-level current intensity belong to the technical field of controllable preparation of doped metal oxide nanomaterials. In the present invention, a manganese-doped ruthenium dioxide nanofiber material is prepared by two steps of electrospinning technology and calcination in an air atmosphere. The material exists in a uniform fiber morphology as a whole, and the surface is rough. This method is simple and efficient and can be applied to large-scale industrialization. The manganese-doped ruthenium dioxide nanofiber material prepared in the present invention, as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic water splitting, exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution catalytic activities and stability at industrial-level current density, realizes the efficient and stable preparation of clean and green hydrogen energy, solves the disadvantages of low catalyst activity and poor stability in current industry, and provides an efficient solution to the increasingly serious environmental problems, having high practical application and economic value.

The invention discloses a CuS (at) gamma-MnS heterojunction photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is a heterojunction photocatalytic composite material formed by growing CuS nanosheets on a blocky gamma-MnS semiconductor material; during preparation, wurtzite phase gamma-MnS is synthesized at normal temperature through a ball milling method, CuS nanosheets grow in situ in combination with a low-temperature oil bath method to form a tight heterogeneous interface, and the crystal form regulated CuS gamma-MnS heterojunction photocatalyst is obtained. The CuS (at) gamma-MnS heterojunction photocatalyst based on crystal form regulation and control shows enhanced hydrogen production, double water decomposition and tetracycline hydrochloride degradation properties and excellent photocatalytic stability; the crystal form of the CuS-coated gamma-MnS heterojunction photocatalyst is accurately regulated and controlled through the full-normal-temperature process (ball milling and low-temperature oil bath), kilogram-level production can be achieved, energy consumption is reduced, and a new strategy is provided for design of industrial-level photocatalysts.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, and particularly provides a low-load noble metal catalyst for industrial water electrolysis and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, thin-layer two-dimensional layered double hydroxide (LDH) is used as a substrate material, a hydrothermal reaction is performed at a certain temperature and pressure to load noble metals (Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, Au and the like), then washing, impurity ion removal and drying are performed to obtain a target product, the obtained electrocatalyst is ultralow-loading noble metal loaded LDH, the loading amount of the noble metals accounts for 0.1 wt%-0.5 wt%, and the loading amount of the noble metals accounts for 0.1 wt%-0.5 wt%. The prepared electrocatalyst can realize efficient and stable water decomposition with industrial-grade current density. The obtained electrocatalyst has high catalytic activity and durability under industrial conditions; and the preparation process is simple to operate and good in repeatability, and the loading capacity of the noble metal is greatly reduced.

To provide a carbon dioxide recovery desorption concentration device and a carbon dioxide recovery desorption concentration method capable of efficiently recovering and concentrating carbon dioxide with low energy consumption by separating carbon dioxide from water decomposition products in recovery of carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas utilizing electrochemical reactions.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide recovery desorption concentration device 1 performs recovery of carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas and desorption of the recovered carbon dioxide using intermittently progressed water electrolysis reactions to concentrate carbon dioxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocatalyst preparation, and relates to preparation and application of an oxyhydroxide and alloy supported catalyst, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) immersing metal foam into an alkaline solution containing ammonium salt for in-situ oxidation to prepare an oxide carrier; and 2) immersing the oxide carrier into a mixed electrolyte containing a metal salt (precursor) and an ammonium salt, and carrying out electro-deposition by adopting a cathode constant current mode to obtain the oxyhydroxide and alloy supported catalyst with controllable atomic lattice strain. The oxyhydroxide and alloy supported catalyst with controllable atomic-scale lattice strain prepared by the invention not only is beneficial to exposure of more active sites and increase of molecular mass transfer during reaction, but also obtains high stability through efficient electron transmission obtained through an excellent network channel; therefore, the efficient and stable catalytic ability of the catalyst in complex conditions is greatly improved, and the catalyst has a good application prospect in the aspects of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution through electro-catalysis of water.

The invention belongs to the field of nano material preparation, and discloses a nickel-molybdenum-iron compound growing on foamed nickel and a preparation method and application of an anion exchange membrane. The difunctional electrocatalyst Ni2P / MoOx / Fe2P with an amorphous MoOx and crystal Ni2P / Fe2P heterogeneous structure is prepared through a hydrothermal-etching-phosphating method. Ni2P / MoOx / Fe2P is used as a cathode and an anode, an overall water decomposition (OWS) performance test is carried out in an electrolyte containing 1M of KOH, and the required voltage is only 1.815 V when the current density reaches the large current density of 250mA cm < 2 >. This is attributed to sufficient active sites, abundant phase interfaces and a unique nanorod array structure in the nickel-molybdenum-iron compound. The material still has excellent stability under the ultrahigh constant current density of 500 mA cm < 2 >. The PVA / PDDA-OH <-> membrane with anion selectivity is prepared through physical crosslinking of PVA and PDDA, and the PVA / PDDA-OH <-> membrane has good OH <-> conductivity. The anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer assembled by using the Ni2P / MoOx / Fe2P catalyst and PVA / PDDA-OH <-> stably operates for 250 hours under the current density of 1 A cm <-2 >, the hydrogen production Faraday efficiency is about 94.8% through calculation, and the potential of the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer in the actual application of large-current hydrogen production is highlighted.

According to the carbon cycle ammonia production system and method based on chemical-looping water splitting, in the carbon cycle ammonia production system based on chemical-looping water splitting, a chemical-looping carbon cycle nitrogen-hydrogen cogeneration module combines a fuel reactor and a high-temperature solid carbon dioxide electrolytic cell in a chemical-looping process, and hydrogen-nitrogen cogeneration with zero carbon emission is achieved. According to the Harbin process ammonia preparation module, multi-stage compression and intermediate cooling are carried out on raw material gas, the system energy consumption is reduced, and moisture used for a steam reactor is preheated. Then, a multi-stage reactor is adopted in the ammonia production process, heat recovery and raw material recovery are implemented, and a chemical chain product is efficiently converted into ammonia gas. The concentrating solar thermoelectric steam co-production module adopts molten salt as a working medium and is combined with a reheat return Rankine cycle containing a heat regenerator to meet the heat and electricity requirements of the system. The system utilizes a chemical-looping water splitting technology to prepare high-purity ammonia gas under a zero-carbon condition, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low emission, high resource utilization and the like.

The invention discloses a high-activity and high-stability amorphous complete water splitting catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof in electrolyzed water. The high-activity and high-stability amorphous complete water splitting catalyst comprises a matrix and a dealloying layer wrapping the matrix, the matrix is an amorphous alloy, the chemical composition of the amorphous alloy is FeaCobNicPdRue, a, b, c, d and e represent atomic ratios, a is greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 60, b is greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 13, c is greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 13, d is greater than or equal to 17 and less than or equal to 22, and 1lt is greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 60; e < = 3, and a + b + c + d + e = 100; the dealloying layer is in an amorphous state and comprises Fe, Co, Ni, P, Ru and O, and Ru in the dealloying layer exists in a composite form of zero-valent ruthenium and ruthenium oxide; in terms of the total atomic number of Fe, Co, Ni, P and Ru being 100%, in the dealloying layer, the content of Fe atoms is 20%-40%, the content of Co atoms is 9%-15%, the content of Ni atoms is 9%-15%, the content of P atoms is 30%-50%, and the content of Ru atoms is 3%-10%.

The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, in particular to doped modified polyheptazinyl imide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the doped modified polyheptazinyl imide comprises the following steps: carrying out thermal polymerization reaction on a carbon nitride precursor to obtain polymer carbon nitride; and carrying out thermal polymerization reaction on the polymer carbon nitride in the presence of a dopant in the presence of a chloride fused salt as an eutectic salt template to obtain the doped modified polyheptazinamide. The doped modified polyheptazinyl imide prepared by the preparation method has a wide spectral response range, the light absorption range of a photocatalytic material is greatly widened, and sunlight is expected to be utilized to the maximum extent, so that high activity of photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen is obtained.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a photocatalytic full-decomposition water film based on electrostatic spinning, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a carbon nitride precursor as a raw material, and carrying out secondary calcination to obtain an ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheet; and carrying out electrostatic self-assembly on Co-coated BCN obtained by carrying out boron doping and cobalt compounding on the g-C3N4 and acidized Pt-coated CN obtained by carrying out platinum loading and acidizing treatment on the Co-coated BCN and the g-C3N4, so as to obtain the Co-coated BCN / Pt-coated CN photocatalyst. And S2, placing the Co-coated BCN / Pt-coated CN photocatalyst in an organic solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, adding PAN, continuously carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution, and carrying out an electrostatic spinning technology to obtain the photocatalytic full-decomposition water film. A carbon nitride precursor is used as a raw material, a carbon nitride-based photocatalyst Co (at) BCN / Pt (at) CN is obtained through modification means such as boron doping, cobalt compounding and platinum loading, the carbon nitride-based photocatalytic full-decomposition water film with high photocatalytic activity is prepared by combining an electrostatic spinning technology, and the carbon nitride-based photocatalytic full-decomposition water film can directly drive a water decomposition reaction under visible light to achieve efficient hydrogen production and oxygen production.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a layer-by-layer casting ultrathin asymmetric bipolar membrane, and belongs to the technical field of membrane separation. The invention aims to solve the problems that the total thickness of the traditional bipolar membrane is small, the water decomposition rate is low, and the conversion efficiency of different salts is obviously different. The asymmetric bipolar membrane is prepared by using a layer-by-layer casting method, and the thickness of the anion exchange layer and the cation exchange layer of the membrane is regulated, so that ion leakage is avoided, and the product purity is remarkably improved; the anion-cation exchange layer is prepared from a polymer with charge, and the adhesion capacity of the membrane is greatly improved by virtue of electrostatic attraction through the characteristic of opposite charge of the anion-cation exchange layer, so that the membrane is prevented from swelling in water. According to the invention, the anion and cation exchange membranes are adhered together through electrostatic adsorption force by virtue of the characteristic of opposite charges, the adhesion strength of the membrane is enhanced by virtue of the chemical compatibility of SPPSU and QPPO, the membrane has good mechanical property, and the service time and frequency of the membrane are improved.

The present invention provides an oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material, which includes a uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell and a core encapsulated within the uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell. This invention exhibits ultrahigh HER performance, a critical reaction in water splitting, making it suitable for application in hydrogen production industries, battery companies, new energy vehicle enterprises, and large power stations.

The invention relates to an island energy system based on deep reinforcement learning. The island energy system comprises an energy device, an electrolysis device, an energy storage battery, a hydrogen storage device, an oxygen storage device, a pressure swing adsorption device, an ammonia synthesis device, a seawater desalination device and a scheduling device, the energy device inputs electric energy to the electrolysis device, the energy storage battery, the pressure swing adsorption device and the seawater desalination device; the electrolysis device is used for decomposing water provided by the seawater desalination device into hydrogen and oxygen; the pressure swing adsorption device provides nitrogen; the hydrogen storage device stores hydrogen, and then the hydrogen and nitrogen are input into the ammonia synthesis device; the oxygen storage device stores oxygen; the scheduling device constructs the real-time operation state of the system into a multi-dimensional state vector, forms an electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-ammonia-water multi-energy flow coupled balance constraint system, makes a decision on the multi-dimensional state vector based on a near-end strategy optimization algorithm, and outputs an optimal strategy parameter. According to the system, the electrolysis device serves as a hub, the global relation between electrolysis hydrogen production and multi-energy combined supply is optimized, and the low-carbon energy supply, ecological restoration and load requirements are met.

The invention provides a preparation method of a cobalt-based intermetallic carbide material and application of the cobalt-based intermetallic carbide material in a preparation method of an electrocatalytic nitrate reduction electrolytic tank or a zinc-nitrate battery. The preparation method of the cobalt-based intermetallic carbide material comprises the following steps that cobalt chloride hexahydrate, indium chloride tetrahydrate, dicyandiamide and ketjen black are ground and mixed and then put into a tubular furnace for thermal annealing reduction, and the cobalt-based intermetallic carbide material is obtained. According to the method, cobalt-based intermetallic carbide material Co3InC0.75 powder is prepared into slurry, the slurry is dropped on carbon paper to be used for an electro-catalysis reaction, the material strengthens nitrate adsorption and water decomposition and inhibits a hydrogen evolution reaction, and therefore the performance of electro-catalysis of nitrate reduction to produce ammonia is improved.

The invention relates to a composite catalyst for hydrogen evolution of an anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a preparation method of the composite catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysts. A transition metal M1-M4 precursor and a Pt precursor are impregnated and adsorbed to a carbon carrier loaded with a rare earth oxide, then the carbon carrier is placed in an inert atmosphere for annealing, the carbon-loaded platinum-based high-entropy cluster / rare earth oxide nanoparticle composite catalyst PtM1M2M3M4 / ReOX / C is prepared, and M1-M4 is any combination of transition metal Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, W or Mo. By utilizing the characteristic that the rare earth oxide can promote water decomposition and anchor clusters under the alkaline condition, the prepared catalyst can remarkably improve the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalytic activity and long-term stability under the alkaline condition, shows excellent performance in an anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell and keeps long-term stable operation under the industrial-grade current density.