63 results about "Elemental carbon" patented technology

A particulate nanocomposite material comprising, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD): elemental carbon (C); elemental nickel (Ni) in a cubic crystalline phase; a cubic nickel oxide (NiO) crystalline phase; an orthorhombic calcium borate (CaB2O4) crystalline phase; and, a magnesium borate (MgB2O4) crystalline phase. The porous particulate nanocomposite is characterized in that, based on the total number of atoms in the particulate nanocomposite material: the atomic concentration of carbon is from about 1 atomic percent (at. %) to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of nickel is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of boron (B) is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of magnesium (Mg) is from about 5 at. % to about 15 at. %; and, the atomic concentration of calcium (Ca) is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %.

A particulate nanocomposite material comprising, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD): elemental carbon (C); elemental nickel (Ni) in a cubic crystalline phase; a cubic nickel oxide (NiO) crystalline phase; an orthorhombic calcium borate (CaB2O4) crystalline phase; and, a magnesium borate (MgB2O4) crystalline phase. The particulate nanocomposite material is characterized in that, based on the total number of atoms in the nanocomposite material: the atomic concentration of carbon is from about 1 atomic percent (at. %) to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of nickel is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of boron (B) is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %; the atomic concentration of magnesium (Mg) is from about 5 at. % to about 15 at. %; and, the atomic concentration of calcium (Ca) is from about 1 at. % to about 10 at. %.

A method of remediating a contaminated aqueous medium includes contacting the aqueous medium with an amount of a particulate nanocomposite material that contains elemental carbon (C); an orthorhombic titanium dioxide (TiO2); a tetragonal TiO2 crystalline phase; a cubic cadmium oxide (CdO) crystalline phase; a hexagonal magnesium titanate (MgTiO3) crystalline phase; and, an orthorhombic magnesium titanate oxide (Mg0.6Ti2.4O5). Based on the total number of atoms in the nanocomposite material and as determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the nanocomposite material has an atomic concentration of carbon (C) of from about 1 atomic percent (at. %) to about 5 at. %; an atomic concentration of magnesium (Mg) of from about 5 to about 15 at. %; an atomic concentration of titanium (Ti) of from about 15 to about 30 at. %; and, an atomic concentration of cadmium (Cd) of from about 1 to about 10 at. %.

A ceramic sintered body contains a first particular element consisting of five or six elements selected from among titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W); a second particular element consisting of one element selected from yttrium (Y) and aluminum (Al); and elemental carbon (C). The total amount of the first particular element, the second particular element, and elemental carbon is 98 at % or more. The ceramic sintered body has a plurality of microstructures having respective compositions different from one another. One of the plurality of microstructures includes a solid solution containing at least three members of the first particular element.

The present invention relates to a composite modified zeolite for efficiently solidifying fly ash heavy metals, a preparation method and an application thereof. The composite modified zeolite is a base-phosphate-carbonate composite modified zeolite, and its pH is 7.2-9.1. The surface is loaded with 31%-50% phosphorus and 12%-36% carbon by mass fraction, wherein the phosphorus is loaded in the form of a phosphate group and the carbon is loaded in the form of a carbonate group; the phosphate group includes PO4 3‑ , the carbonate type includes -CO3 2‑ Using this composite modified zeolite as the immobilization and stabilization material, adding 1% of the fly ash mass to the treatment once can reduce the leaching concentrations of lead, cadmium, and zinc in the fly ash to below the limit specified in the "Standard for Pollution Control of Municipal Waste Landfill" (GB 16889-2008). It can be used for the solidification and stabilization of heavy metals in incineration fly ash, especially lead, cadmium, and zinc in the solidified and stabilized fly ash.

Disclosed in the present invention are a C-TiO2 composite material using a carbon source as a raw material, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The preparation method comprises: dispersing a carbon source and TiO2 powder in a polar solvent to obtain a suspension A; heating the suspension A under a stirring condition, and volatilizing the polar solvent to obtain a mixture B; and calcining the mixture B to obtain a C-TiO2 composite material, wherein the carbon source comprises a first carbon source and / or a second carbon source, the first carbon source is elemental carbon, and the second carbon source is an organic matter that can be pyrolyzed to generate carbon. The present invention uses recycled or cheap carbon sources as raw materials to prepare the C-TiO2 composite material, which can effectively reduce environmental pollution caused by decommissioned new energy power lithium batteries while providing a feasible solution for the high-value utilization of cheap carbon sources. The C-TiO2 composite material is applied to the field of electrocatalytic water splitting to prepare efficient and stable oxygen evolution catalytic electrodes, thus realizing ampere-level current density applications oriented to industrial requirements.

The application belongs to the field of detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a method for detecting free carbon in cemented carbide mixture based on pretreatment, which comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining cemented carbide mixture, the components of the cemented carbide mixture including at least one of chromium carbide, silicon carbide and boron carbide, and grinding the cemented carbide mixture into cemented carbide mixture powder; S2, mixing, stirring and centrifugally separating the cemented carbide mixture powder and heavy liquid to obtain a mixture; taking out the upper layer liquid containing elemental carbon of the mixture and washing and solid-liquid separating to obtain an initial sample to be detected; S3, rinsing and drying the initial sample to be detected to obtain a final sample to be detected, and detecting the final sample to be detected to obtain the content of free carbon. Through the improved pretreatment detection method of free carbon in cemented carbide mixture, the accuracy and efficiency of detection are improved, the range of detection of free carbon in cemented carbide is expanded, and the method is suitable for more kinds of carbides.

A gas diffusion electrode according to one embodiment of the present invention has a microporous layer, containing carbonaceous fine particles and a fluorine-based water-repellent resin, on at least one surface of a conductive porous substrate. In the gas diffusion electrode, the ratio (surface layer F / C) of elemental fluorine to elemental carbon detected, at 1,000 times magnification and an acceleration voltage of 2.0 kV by scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), on the surface on the side of the microporous layer with which the conductive porous substrate is not in contact is 0.35 or more and 0.60 or less.

A particulate nanocomposite material comprising, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD): elemental carbon (C); an orthorhombic magnesium iron borate (MgFe(BO3)O) crystalline phase; an orthorhombic calcium diborate (CaB2O4) crystalline phase; and, a monoclinic magnesium diborate (Mg2B2O5) crystalline phase. The nanocomposite is further characterized in that, based on the total number of atoms in the particulate nanocomposite material and as determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), the atomic concentration of carbon (C) is from about 0.1 atomic percent (atom %) to 5 atom %, the atomic concentration of calcium (Ca) is from about 5 to 15 atom %, the atomic concentration of boron (B) is from about 1 to 10 atom %, the atomic concentration of iron (Fe) is from about 5 to 15 atom %, and the atomic concentration of magnesium (Mg) is from about 5 to 15 atom %.

The application discloses a preparation method of a bismuth single element / bismuth oxide / carbon nitride composite material and application of the bismuth single element / bismuth oxide / carbon nitride composite material as a chlorine removal agent, and the bismuth single element / bismuth oxide / carbon nitride composite chlorine removal agent is prepared by taking bismuth nitrate pentahydrate as raw material and introducing melamine precursor. In the process of calcination, the melamine generates elemental carbon and carbon monoxide, and plays a regulating role in the morphology of the chlorine removal agent; the reducing property generated in the forming process can convert Bi 3+ into Bi single element, and the surface plasmon resonance effect of the Bi single element is utilized to improve the photocatalytic chlorine removal performance of the composite chlorine removal agent.

Identifying and quantifying tire wear includes heating a sample including particulate matter obtained from tire wear and soot to a first temperature to thermally desorb an amount of organic carbon from the sample, cooling the sample from the first temperature to a second temperature, heating the sample from the second temperature to a third temperature to thermally desorb an amount of elemental carbon from the sample, and identifying an amount of tire wear particulate matter in the sample based on the amount of elemental carbon in the sample.

The present invention relates to a carbon-silicon oxide nanocomposite material based on clay minerals and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of inorganic nanomaterials. The method for preparing a carbon-silicon oxide nanocomposite material based on clay minerals provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) carbonizing a carbon-containing clay mineral in an inert atmosphere to obtain a composite of carbon and clay minerals; (2) grinding the composite of carbon and clay minerals to obtain a ground product; (3) subjecting the ground product to acid treatment, followed by washing and drying to obtain a carbon-silicon oxide nanocomposite material. The prepared nanocomposite material has a large specific surface area, a multi-level pore structure, a hydrophobic surface, good adsorption properties, contains carbon and silicon elements, has high carbon-silicon interface stability, and has good ion / electron transmission performance. It has a wide range of application value in the fields of organic pollutant treatment and lithium-ion batteries.

The application relates to a preparation method of gaseous elemental carbon for synthesizing silicon carbide, which comprises the following steps: S1, placing a carbon source in a reaction chamber 1, heating the carbon source, and obtaining gaseous elemental carbon, wherein the carbon source is high-purity fullerene; S2, placing a silicon source in a reaction chamber 2, heating the silicon source, and heating to 1100-1900 DEG C; S3, under the protection of an inert gas atmosphere, the gaseous elemental carbon flows into the reaction chamber 2, heat preservation reaction is carried out for 4-10 h, the gaseous elemental carbon reacts with the silicon source, and after the reaction is completed, cooling is carried out, and silicon carbide is obtained. The silicon carbide prepared by the method has the characteristics of large particles and high purity, is beneficial to improving the performance of semiconductor materials, and has an excellent industrial application prospect.

The invention relates to an application of elemental carbon in laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry detection, and the elemental carbon (EC) is obtained by cleaning and extracting components of organic carbon (OC) by using an incomplete combustion product Soot. The EC is used as a material of a graphite-like structure, is used as a substrate when environmental pollution particles are analyzed by using LDI-MS, and can enhance the detection strength of aromatic compounds in the particles. Furthermore, when the EC is used for analyzing aromatic substances, the EC has a better enhancement effect on substances containing reactive hydrogen (PAH with OC containing odd carbon in the invention, namely PAHodd) and substances with lower conjugacy. According to the device and the method, pollution particulate matters are recycled, detection and analysis of particulate matter components are facilitated, and the detection sensitivity of aromatic substances is improved.

The invention discloses a WC-Co coating good in interface bonding and capable of inhibiting generation of hard and brittle harmful phases and a preparation technology of the WC-Co coating, and relates to the technical field of hard alloy coating materials.The WC-Co coating is prepared by designing powder components and structures and adopting an optimized solid-phase mechanical alloying technology, and the WC-Co powder containing elemental carbon of an elemental carbon coating structure is prepared; by combining and adopting optimized supersonic flame spraying process parameters (fuel gas pressure, fuel gas flow, oxygen pressure, oxygen flow, powder feeding gas pressure, powder feeding gas flow and spray gun moving speed), a non-oxidizing microenvironment in the particle deposition process is constructed in situ in real time, and decomposition, oxidation and decarburization of WC in the deposition process of good melting particles are inhibited. And a high-WC-volume-fraction coating organization structure which is good in combination and free of hard and brittle harmful phases is prepared, and the WC-Co coating high in toughness and wear resistance is obtained.

This effectively reduces the possibility of damage to the sputtering target during the film deposition process. [Solution] The sputtering target (10) has a first region (10C) made of elemental carbon mixed with a second region (10M) made of an insulator.

A preparation method of an ultramicro carbon-iron alloy material comprises the following steps: grinding a high-carbon iron alloy block, spraying the high-carbon iron alloy block into a suspension roaster in an oxygen-enriched environment, carrying out spontaneous heating partial oxidation, cooling the partially oxidized powder, detecting the contents of carbon and oxygen elements, uniformly mixing the partially oxidized powder with unoxidized high-carbon iron alloy powder according to a certain ratio, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the ultramicro carbon-iron alloy material. And after the reaction is finished, the materials in the furnace are cooled, and the materials are discharged out of the furnace to obtain the ultra-micro carbon-iron-based metal material. According to the method, the characteristic that elemental carbon and iron in the high-carbon iron alloy material can be combusted under certain conditions is utilized, the decarburization and oxygenation conditions are accurately controlled, materials in a suspension state are not sintered, decarburization is uniform, secondary grinding is not needed, a heat source does not need to be additionally introduced, the production cost is effectively reduced, the product quality is improved, and the ultramicro carbon iron alloy material can be produced after vacuum sintering.

The application discloses a silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The silicon-carbon composite material is composed of the following components: graphite or graphite-like carbon framework, silicon particles dispersed in the carbon framework, and an outermost carbon coating layer; the carbon coating layer encapsulates the silicon particles in the interior. The carbon framework is formed by high-temperature transient sintering of elemental carbon material, the silicon particles are formed by melting and spreading of silicon powder, and the carbon coating layer is formed by transient cracking of carbon hydrates; the high-temperature transient sintering, melting and spreading and transient cracking are completed in one step in the same device. The application has the advantages of simple production process, easy operation of equipment, one-step completion of silicon refining and carbon coating, continuous process, low cost of required raw materials, and easy popularization. Two different carbon sources play the roles of framework and bonding and coating, so that the silicon is stably encapsulated in the carbon material, the destruction of the electrode structure caused by the volume expansion of the silicon is effectively relieved, and good cycle performance is exhibited.

Methods for gasifying a carbon-containing material, including: i) Reacting the carbon-containing material with steam in the presence of a catalyst containing a hydroxide, oxide or salt of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a mixture thereof, to produce a gas composition containing CO, CO2, CH4, H2O and H2, wherein the steam-to-carbon ratio is 1 to 2; ii) thermal decomposition of CH4 produced in gasification step i) into elemental carbon (C) and H2, wherein at least a part of the elemental carbon (C) produced in step ii) is recirculated into gasification step i); and iii) Converting CO2 produced in step i) into (a) CO using a process selected from reverse water-gas shift reaction and CO2 reforming reaction, wherein the product from step i) or ii) is used; and wherein 30 to 70 vol% of the total amount of H2 and CO contained in the gas product of step i) is recirculated into the gasification step i).

The invention relates to a method for analyzing carbon content in a liquid biological sample and a carbon content element analyzer. The method comprises the following steps: unfreezing the biological sample to a liquid state; transferring the biological sample into a glove box; a tin cup is taken to be heated, and the tin cup is put into a glove box after being heated; a biological sample is taken and placed in a tin cup, and the mass of the biological sample in the tin cup is weighed; sealing the opening of the tin cup; the tin cup is moved to a sample disc of an element analyzer, the biological sample is subjected to high-temperature oxidation in the element analyzer to generate corresponding gas, the gas is dried and then subjected to carbon content analysis, the carbon content in the biological sample is obtained, and in the drying process, the mixture is adopted as a drying agent for drying. The drying tube is arranged in the elemental analyzer, the drying agent is optimized, the sample quality is controlled, the influence of moisture on carbon content analysis is reduced, the sample does not need pretreatment such as freeze-drying, and the sample pretreatment time is saved.

A reactor for the thermal decomposition of a gaseous hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream in an electrically heated moving bed composed of an electrically conductive granular material with deposition of elemental carbon on the granular material comprises an upper reactor section in which there are disposed a feed for the granular material and an outlet for a hydrogenous product stream, a middle reactor section, and a lower reactor section in which there is disposed a feeding device for the gaseous hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream, and on the bottom side there is provided an outlet for the granular material, wherein the outlet comprises at least one funnel-shaped oscillating base that can be set in oscillation in vertical and / or horizontal direction by means of at least one first vibration generator and is connected to the lower reactor section via an oscillation-decoupling suspension.

The application discloses a method for recycling valuable metals in electroplating sludge, and relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the electroplating sludge with a desulfurizer, heating and stirring to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; filtering the solid-liquid mixture to obtain filtrate and filter residue; crystallizing and separating the filtrate to obtain the desulfurizer and sodium sulfate crystals, and drying the filter residue to obtain dry matter; uniformly mixing the dry matter with elemental silicon and elemental carbon, smelting under an inert atmosphere, cooling and dust collecting the high-temperature flue gas generated in the smelting process to obtain lead-zinc-containing dust, and separating the alloy ingot and slag after natural cooling at room temperature after the smelting is completed. The desulfurization rate of the application is more than 90%, and the valuable metal recovery rate is more than 95%, so that the electroplating sludge can be desulfurized at low cost and the valuable metal resources can be efficiently and comprehensively recycled, and the application has the advantages of simple operation, large processing capacity and strong adaptability.

Producing hydrogen gas includes combining a gaseous feedstock stream with a particulate catalyst, wherein the gaseous feedstock stream comprises a gaseous hydrocarbon, and the particulate catalyst is selected to promote decomposition of the gaseous hydrocarbon; entraining the particulate catalyst in the gaseous feedstock stream to yield an aerosolized reaction mixture comprising aerosolized catalyst particles; and heating the aerosolized reaction mixture to decompose the gaseous hydrocarbon, thereby yielding a product stream comprising elemental carbon and hydrogen gas.

A hot rolled steel sheet having a composition comprising of the following elements 0.03% ≤ Carbon ≤ 0.070 %, 0.4 % ≤ Manganese ≤ 0.9%, 0.01% ≤ Aluminum ≤ 0.08 %, 0.01% ≤ Niobium ≤ 0.08%, 0.01 % ≤ Titanium ≤ 0.1%, 0.0005% ≤ Calcium ≤ 0.005%, 0% ≤ Phosphorus ≤ 0.03 %, 0 % ≤ Sulfur ≤ 0.015 %, 0 % ≤ Nitrogen ≤ 0.02%, 0.001% ≤ Silicon ≤ 0.09%, 0% ≤ Chromium ≤ 0.2%, 0.% ≤ Copper ≤ 0.25%, 0% ≤ Nickel ≤ 0.2%, 0% ≤ Molybdenum ≤ 0.2%, 0% ≤ Vanadium ≤ 0.1%, 0 % ≤ Boron ≤ 0.003%,0 % ≤ Magnesium ≤ 0.010%,0% ≤ Cerium≤ 0.1%, 0% ≤ Zirconium ≤ 0.010%,the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel sheet comprising in area fraction 65% to 95% Ferrite, 5% to 35% Bainite, Pearlite up to 3%, martensite and residual austenite up to a cumulated fraction of 2%, wherein the said hot rolled steel sheet has an inclusion density of at least 100 inclusions per square micro-meter and the inclusions having a size of 2 microns or more being 30% or less of the total number of inclusions.

This invention discloses a silicon carbide micropowder and its preparation method, relating to the field of semiconductor technology. The preparation method includes reacting elemental silicon and elemental carbon in a vacuum environment to obtain a first silicon carbide powder; processing the first silicon carbide powder into a second silicon carbide powder with a D50 of 0.5mm-2.5mm; and cleaning the second silicon carbide powder to obtain silicon carbide micropowder; wherein the cleaning includes electrochemical cleaning using a magnetic field synergistic with a pulsed field. No fluoride or chloride ions are introduced during the cleaning process, and no volatile acids are generated in the neutral electrolyte; metallic impurities (such as Fe and Cr) are enriched by cathode deposition with a recovery rate ≥95%, resulting in near-zero heavy metal emissions; ozone is continuously added through a closed-loop system, and unreacted ozone is converted into O2 by a catalyst and discharged, effectively controlling waste gas generation; the wastewater after cleaning treatment can meet the GB 8978-2002 Class I emission standard after simple neutralization, and is expected to be widely applied.

A particulate Ca2PbO4 / PbO / Co3O4 / C nanocomposite material comprising, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD): elemental carbon (C); an orthorhombic lead oxide (PbO) crystalline phase; an orthorhombic calcium lead oxide (Ca2PbO4) crystalline phase; and, a cubic cobalt oxide (Co3O4) crystalline phase. The particulate nanocomposite material is characterized by having, based on the total number of atoms in the nanocomposite material: an atomic concentration of carbon of from about 1 atomic percent (at. %) to about 10 at. %; an atomic concentration of lead (Pb) of from about 5 at. % to about 15 at. %; an atomic concentration of calcium (Ca) of from about 10 at. % to about 25 at. %; and, an atomic concentration of cobalt (Co) of from about 10 at. % to about 20 at. %.

A hot rolled steel having a composition including comprising of the following elements 0.01%≤Carbon≤0.1%, 0.2%≤Manganese≤2%, 0.2%≤Silicon≤1.5%, 0.01%≤Aluminum≤2%, 0.1%≤Tin≤1%, 0.1%≤Copper≤0.5%, 0.001%≤Niobium≤0.1%, 0.002%≤Phosphorus≤0.02%, 0%≤Sulfur≤0.005%, 0%≤Nitrogen≤0.01%, with 0.3%≤Sn+Cu≤1.2% and can contain one or more of the following optional elements 0%≤Titanium≤0.1%, 0%≤Vanadium≤0.1%, 0%≤Chromium≤1%, 0%≤Molybdenum≤0.5%, 0%≤Calcium≤0.01%, 0%≤Boron≤0.01%, 0%≤Magnesium≤0.05%, 0%≤Calcium≤0.01%, 0%≤Cerium≤0.1%, 0%≤Boron≤0.05%, 0%≤ Nickel≤0.01%, the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel sheet including in area fraction, 75% to 95% Ferrite, 1% to 15% Pearlite and optionally Bainite is between 0% and 25% wherein the average grain size of all the microstructural constituent is less than 15 microns.

The proposed ceramic sinter body contains a first determined element, selected from five or six elements chosen from titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum, hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W); a second determined element, selected from yttrium (Y) and aluminum (Al); and elemental carbon (C). The total amount of the first determined element, the second determined element, and the elemental carbon contained in the ceramic sinter body is 98 atomic percent or more. The amount of the second determined element contained in the ceramic sinter body is 3,000 atomic ppm or less. The amount of carbon contained in the ceramic sinter body is 45 atomic percent or more and 55 atomic percent or less. The ceramic sinter body has a single-phase microstructure in which the first determined element forms a solid solution.

A ceramic sintered body which contains a first particular element consisting of five or six elements selected from among titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W); a second particular element consisting of one element selected from yttrium (Y) and aluminum (Al); and elemental carbon (C). The total amount of the first particular element, the second particular element, and elemental carbon contained in the ceramic sintered body is 98 at % or more. The amount of the second particular element contained in the ceramic sintered body is 3,000 at. ppm or less. The amount of carbon contained in the ceramic sintered body is 45 at % or more and 55 at % or less. The ceramic sintered body has a single phase microstructure in which the first particular element forms a solid solution.

To provide a film with superior adhesion, and a laminate including the film.SOLUTION: A film 1 is constituted by a resin substrate 2. In the film 1, an elemental carbon ratio C90, an elemental oxygen ratio O90, an elemental carbon ratio C15, and an elemental oxygen ratio O15 which are measured in a prescribed first test satisfy a formula (1) below, or an elemental carbon ratio C15 and an elemental oxygen ratio O15 which are measured in a prescribed second test satisfy a formula (2) below. (1): O15 / C15>O90 / C90, (2): O15 / C15>0.3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1