1118results about "Oxide/hydroxide preparation" patented technology

A niobium suboxide powder comprising 100 to 600 ppm of magnesium is described. The niobium suboxide powder may (alternatively or in addition to 100 to 600 ppm of magnesium) further include 50 to 400 ppm of molybdenum and/or tungsten. The niobium suboxide powder is suitable for the production of: capacitors having an insulator layer of niobium pentoxide; capacitor anodes produced from the niobium suboxide powder; and corresponding capacitors.

A low temperature chemical route to efficiently produce nanomaterials is described. The nanomaterials are synthesized by intercalating ions into layered compounds, exfoliating to create individual layers and then sonicating to produce nanotubes, nanorods, nanoscrolls and/or nanosheets. It is applicable to various different layered inorganic compounds (for example, bismuth selenides/tellurides, graphite, and other metal complexes, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides compounds including oxygen, sulfur, tellurium or selenium).

A method of forming an oxide on a substrate. According to the method of the present invention a substrate is placed in a chamber. An oxygen containing gas and a hydrogen containing gas are then fed into the chamber. The oxygen containing gas and the hydrogen containing gas are then caused to react with one another to form water vapor in the chamber. The water vapor then oxidizes the substrate.

A process for the production of ultrafine powders that includes subjecting a mixture of precursor metal compound and a non-reactant diluent phase to mechanical milling whereby the process of mechanical activation reduces the microstructure of the mixture to the form of nano-sized grains of the metal compound uniformly dispersed in the diluent phase. The process also includes heat treating the mixture of nano-sized grains of the metal compound uniformly dispersed in the diluent phase to convert the nano-sized grains of the metal compound into a metal oxide phase. The process further includes removing the diluent phase such that the nano-sized grains of the metal oxide phase are left behind in the form of an ultrafine powder.

Nanowires useful as heterogeneous catalysts are provided. The nanowire catalysts are prepared by polymer templated methods and are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to ethane and/or ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

A fuel cell includes an electrolyte, a first electrode, and a second electrode. At least the first electrode comprises a nanostructured material.

This invention provides metal oxide particles surface-treated with a hydrophobicity-imparting agent, methods of making such, and toner compositions comprising the same.

An object of the present invention is to provide a metal oxide particle which exercises more excellent ultraviolet absorbency as a matter of course and combines therewith merits of, for example, either being shifted in ultraviolet absorption edge toward the longer wavelength side and being excellent also in the absorption efficiency of a long-wavelength range of ultraviolet rays, or having good transparency and, for example, even in cases where added into or coated onto substrates, not damaging the transparency or hue of the substrates. As a means of achieving this object, a metal oxide particle according to the present invention is a metal oxide particle such that a hetero-element is contained in a particle comprising an oxide of a specific metal element (M), wherein the metal oxide particle is: 1) a metal oxide particle in the form of a fine particle wherein the hetero-element is at least one specific metal element (M′); 2) a metal oxide particle wherein the hetero-element includes at least two specific metal elements (M′); 3) a metal oxide particle wherein: the hetero-element is a more specified metal element (M′) and at least a part thereof is 2 in valence; or the metal element (M) is a more specified metal element and the metal oxide particle is in a specific range in crystal grain diameter in the vertical direction to each of the (002) plane and the (100) plane; or 4) a metal oxide particle wherein: the hetero-element is at least one specific nonmetal element and an acyl group is contained in the particle; or the hetero-element includes at least two specific nonmetal elements; or the hetero-element is at least one specific nonmetal element and a component derived from a metal element (M′) other than the metal element (M) is contained in the particle.

A reaction-based process has been developed for the selective removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from a multicomponent gas mixture to provide a gaseous stream depleted in CO₂ compared to the inlet CO₂ concentration in the stream. The proposed process effects the separation of CO₂ from a mixture of gases (such as flue gas/fuel gas) by its reaction with metal oxides (such as calcium oxide). The Calcium based Reaction Separation for CO₂ (CaRS-CO₂) process consists of contacting a CO₂ laden gas with calcium oxide (CaO) in a reactor such that CaO captures the CO₂ by the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). Once “spent”, CaCO₃ is regenerated by its calcination leading to the formation of fresh CaO sorbent and the evolution of a concentrated stream of CO₂. The “regenerated” CaO is then recycled for the further capture of more CO₂. This carbonation-calcination cycle forms the basis of the CaRS-CO₂ process. This process also identifies the application of a mesoporous CaCO₃ structure, developed by a process detailed elsewhere, that attains >90% conversion over multiple carbonation and calcination cycles. Lastly, thermal regeneration (calcination) under vacuum provided a better sorbent structure that maintained reproducible reactivity levels over multiple cycles.

Methods for the production of shaped nanoscale-to-microscale structures, wherein a nanoscale-to-microscale template is provided having an original chemical composition and an original shape, and the nanoscale-to-microscale template subjected to a chemical reaction, so as to partially or completely convert the nanoscale-to-microscale template into the shaped nanoscale-to-microscale structure having a chemical composition different than the original chemical composition and having substantially the same shape as the original shape, being a scaled version of the original shape. The shaped nanoscale-to-microscale structure formed comprises an element (such as silicon), a metallic alloy (such as a silicon alloy), or a non-oxide compound (such as silicon carbide or silicon nitride).

The invention provides a multi-shell-layer metal oxide hollow ball and a preparation method thereof. A hydrothermal method is used for preparing a carbon ball template; metal salts are dissolved in carbon ball suspension liquid, and the gradient distribution, the depth and the number of metal salts entering carbon balls are controlled through regulating adsorption conditions such as metal salt concentration, solution pH value, soaking temperature and time and the like; and the heat treatment is carried out on the carbon balls adsorbing metal ions, and the multi-shell-layer metal oxide hollow ball can be obtained. The shell-layer of the hollow ball prepared by the method is formed by accumulating nanometer crystal particles of metal oxides, the shell layer number can be regulated and changed from two to four, and both the size of the hollow ball and the thickness of the shell layers are controllable. The method provided by the invention is simple and is easy to implement, the controllability is high, the pollution is little, the cost is low, and in addition, the general applicability is realized. The prepared product has a hollow structure and the shell layers with the thickness inthe nanometer level, simultaneously, the internal space can be effectively utilized through the multilayer structure, and the multi-shell-layer metal oxide hollow ball is applied to gas sensitivity and photocatalysis and has the more excellent performance through being compared with the traditional nanometer material and a single-layer hollow ball.

Composites for destroying chemical and biological agents such as toxins and bacteria, and methods of preparing and using those composites are provided. According to the invention, the substance to be destroyed is contacted with the inventive composites which comprise finely divided metal oxide nanoparticles at least partially coated with carbon. Advantageously, the composites exclude water while not excluding the target compound or adsorbates. The desired metal oxide nanoparticles can be pressed into pellets for use when a powder is not feasible. Preferred metal oxide nanoparticles include MgO, SrO, BaO, CaO, TiO₂, ZrO₂, FeO, V₂O₃, V₂O₅, Mn₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, NiO, CuO, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, Ag₂O, and mixtures thereof.

The invention concerns a heat-stable ordered mesoporous or mesostructured material comprising a mineral phase wherein are dispersed particles of nanometric dimension at least partly crystaline, the global crystallinity index of said mesostructured or ordered mesoporous material being less than 10% in volume. The invention also concern a method for obtaining such a material.

A photocatalytic composite material having a photocatalytic titanium oxide film on the surface of a substrate is produced by a CVD method in which TiCl₄ vapor is reacted with water vapor. The TiCl₄ vapor and the water vapor are injected into a vapor deposition chamber (9) through nozzles (5) and (6), respectively, such that the resulting two injected vapor streams meet before reaching the substrate, thereby mixing the two vapors. Within 3 seconds after this mixing, the mixed vapors are brought into contact with a substrate (1) which is moving in one direction. Preferably the TiCl₄ vapor is injected in a reverse direction with respect to the direction of movement of the substrate through a multi-orifice nozzle (5), while the water vapor is injected through a slit nozzle (6) disposed at a smaller angle with respect to the substrate.

This invention relates to a 4 group metal oxide and to a method for preparation thereof and the 4 group metal oxide prepared by adding a particle growth inhibiter to a hydrosol a hydrogel or a dried product of a hydrous 4 group metal oxide represented by MO(2-x)(OH)2x (wherein M denotes a 4 group metal and x is a number greater than 0.1 or x>0.1) followed by drying and calcining has a specific surface area of 80 m<2>/g or more, a pore volume of 0.2 ml/g or more and a pore sharpness degree of 50% or more and excellent heat stability and is useful for a catalyst or a catalyst carrier in which a catalyst metal is dispersed to a high degree. This invention further relates to a porous 4 group metal oxide and to a method for preparation thereof and the 4 group metal oxide prepared by application of a pH swing operation is characterized by a large specific surface area, excellent heat stability, high dispersion of a catalyst metal and a controlled and sharp pore distribution and is useful for a catalyst or a catalyst carrier of excellent reaction selectivity.