51 results about "HYDROSOL" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a CZTSSe absorption layer film and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a CZTS precursor solution of a DMF solution system; s2, preparing a CZTS precursor film by adopting a sol-gel method; and S3, coating the CZTS precursor thin film with a NaF solution with the concentration of 0-0.2 mol / L, and then carrying out drying and selenylation treatment to obtain the CZTSSe absorption layer thin film. According to the invention, the CZTS precursor film prepared by using the green and environment-friendly solvent DMF is used for carrying out a NaF solution spin-coating annealing process, so that the improvement of the battery efficiency is successfully realized. The change of CZTSSe film element redistribution, defect chemical environment and grain boundary potential difference after the Na element is doped is avoided.

The invention discloses a water glass-based full-life super-amphiphobic radiation refrigeration block material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 to 3 parts of C-F long-chain modified micro-nano particles, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water glass-based binder, 0.1 to 0.3 part of nano silicon dioxide sol and 0.05 to 0.16 part of curing catalyst, the C-F long-chain modified micro-nano particles are obtained by sequentially carrying out silane coupling agent grafting modification and fluorosilane grafting modification on nano particles with high sunlight reflectivity and micro particles with high sunlight emissivity. The super-amphiphobic function is converted into a three-dimensional block material from a two-dimensional coating, stress distribution optimization and interface bonding energy improvement are achieved while the ultra-low surface energy characteristic is kept, the problems of optical performance degradation and the like caused by surface pollution of the radiation refrigeration material are effectively solved, the mechanical durability of the material is essentially improved, and the service life of the radiation refrigeration material is prolonged. And the radiation refrigeration system can maintain stable performance in the whole life cycle.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a rare earth modified SiO2 film with high radiation resistance, high mechanical property and high antireflection. Polyethylene glycol is used as a pore-foaming agent, tetraethyl silicate and methyltriethoxysilane are used as precursors, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, nitric acid is used as a catalyst, and rare earth elements are used as an anti-radiation agent. The prepared SiO2 sol is coated on glass, the sol is dried into gel, and the porous nano-film is obtained through heat treatment. The spectrum average transmittance (transmittance of coated glass) of the film at 400-1100 nm is 93.1%, and is improved by 4.57% compared with that of glass; the surface hardness of the film reaches the highest level 9H of a pencil method, and the adhesive force also reaches the highest level 0 of an adhesive tape method. After 5000 equivalent solar hours are irradiated by ultraviolet rays, the average transmittance of the film is 92.25% and is only reduced by 0.85%. The high-radiation-resistance, high-mechanical-property and high-antireflection film is simple in preparation process and suitable for industrial popularization.

The application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and a preparation process thereof. The application adds anhydrous ethanol, ammonia water, deionized water, methyl triethoxysilane, tetraethyl orthosilicate and octadecyl trimethoxysilane to prepare silica sol. Then, tetra(2-hydroxyethoxy)silane, polypropylene glycol, toluene diisocyanate, betulin, 3,4-diamino furazan, silica sol and a catalyst stannous octoate are added to prepare a polymer. Glass, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a cell piece and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are sequentially laid in layers; the laminated assembly is assembled with a frame to obtain a solar photovoltaic panel. Finally, a coating is prepared by taking the polymer as a raw material, and the coating is coated on the solar photovoltaic panel to obtain a finished product. The finished product has good hydrophobicity and antibacterial property, and therefore has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a ferroelectric enhanced core-shell structure artificial photosynthetic heterojunction catalyst, and belongs to the field of solar energy conversion and photocatalytic degradation. The invention aims to explore the technical problems of low-cost green preparation, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and photocatalytic performance improvement of the photocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1, respectively dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and iron nitrate nonahydrate in ethylene glycol in sequence, heating in a water bath, stirring, aging, transferring sol into an air dry oven, drying to obtain gel powder, grinding, transferring the powder into a muffle furnace, and calcining to obtain BiFeO3 powder (named as BFO); and 2, dissolving thioacetamide in deionized water, fully stirring, adding the BFO prepared in the step 1, transferring the solution into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, transferring the solution into a reaction kettle, carrying out heating reaction, cooling, washing, and drying to obtain the ferroelectric enhanced Bi2S3 / BFO photocatalyst with a stable heterojunction structure.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a glass article comprising the following steps: - the provision of a glass substrate, - the deposition, on at least one face of said glass substrate, of a stack of layers comprising at least one functional metallic layer containing silver, each of said layers being deposited by magnetic field assisted sputtering, - the application of a sol-gel solution comprising at least one silicon oxide precursor and / or at least one transition metal oxide precursor, said solution being applied over said stack of layers, so as to form a sol-gel layer having an average thickness of between 50 nm and 3000 nm, preferably between 70 nm and 1500 nm, - the heat treatment at a temperature above 500°C, preferably between 540°C and 700°C, so as to crack the sol-gel layer and damage the stack of layers.The present invention also relates to a glass article that can be obtained by such a process which comprises a glass substrate coated on at least one of its faces: - with a stack of layers comprising at least one functional metallic layer containing silver, and - with at least one sol-gel layer located above said stack of layers and having an average thickness between 50 nm and 3000 nm, preferably between 70 nm and 1500 nm, said stack of layers and said sol-gel layer having cracks or fissures.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of an ultra-transparent silicon dioxide aerogel thermal insulation material. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a nonionic surfactant in an acidic solvent, and then adding double silicon sources for hydrolysis to obtain a silicon source precursor; dropwise adding a basic catalyst into the silicon source precursor solution, and carrying out sol-gel reaction to obtain wet gel; and putting the wet gel into a drying oven, carrying out aging treatment, and then carrying out solvent replacement and supercritical drying to obtain the ultra-transparent silicon dioxide aerogel. The prepared aerogel has the heat conductivity coefficient of 0.0259 W / m.K to 0.0339 W / m.K, the light transmittance of 67% to 95% and the water contact angle of 102 degrees to 121 degrees, the temperature of the aerogel is 3.5 DEG C lower than that of a common glass window in simulation of a building energy-saving window, the temperature of the aerogel is 27.3 DEG C higher than that of a common solar heat collection device in simulation of a solar heat collection device, the problem that low heat conductivity coefficient, high light transmittance and water repellency cannot be achieved at the same time is solved, and the aerogel is suitable for being used in a building energy-saving window and a building energy-saving window. The method has huge application value in the fields of building energy conservation, solar heat collection systems, super transparent heat insulation, deep space exploration and the like.

The application relates to the technical field of coating preparation, in particular to a nano coating for a self-cleaning polycrystalline solar module and a preparation method, wherein the coating is composed of titanium dioxide nanotubes, fluorosilane modified silica aerogel, graphene quantum dots and polyaniline-polyazole copolymer; the titanium dioxide nanotubes are prepared through a hydrothermal reaction and calcination, the aerogel is synthesized through a sol-gel method, the quantum dots are obtained through pyrolysis reduction, and the conductive polymer is obtained through oxidation polymerization; the components are dispersed in a solvent in proportion, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out after the addition of a leveling agent, the solar module is coated through a dip coating method, and the coating is formed through drying and ultraviolet curing. The self-cleaning nano coating is composed of multiple components, forms a multistage rough structure, realizes superhydrophobicity, widens a light response range, improves photocatalytic efficiency, improves electrical performance and increases photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The invention discloses an aerogel-based evaporator with a double-network structure as well as a preparation method and application of the aerogel-based evaporator, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. According to the aerogel-based evaporator, sodium alginate and nanocellulose are used for constructing an interpenetrating dual-network as a framework, acidified carbon nanotubes are combined as a photo-thermal material, and the aerogel-based evaporator is prepared through a sol-gel method and a freeze-drying process. The double-network structure synergistically exerts the advantages of super hydrophilicity and high mechanical strength, and salt ion deposition and crystallization are effectively inhibited; the acidified carbon nanotubes guarantee efficient photo-thermal conversion, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved. The evaporator successfully solves the problems that traditional equipment is low in solar energy utilization rate, salt crystallization damages the evaporator and the like, has excellent mechanical stability, wide water body adaptability and light environment adaptability, and is environment-friendly in preparation process, easy to produce on a large scale and suitable for industrial production. And an efficient and stable novel technical scheme is provided for solar-driven water purification and seawater desalination.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst materials. Disclosed are a preparation method for a nano-TiO2 thin film, and a product and the use thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a titanium dioxide sol by using butyl titanate and absolute ethanol as raw materials; loading the titanium dioxide sol onto a glass substrate; and then sequentially drying and sintering the glass substrate loaded with the titanium dioxide sol. The preparation method is simple, uses simple and easily available raw materials, is free of pollution, and is beneficial to industrial production. The loading rate of the nano-TiO2 in the obtained nano-TiO2 thin film is high, thereby resulting in a high utilization rate of solar energy, and enabling efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.

The application provides a method for preparing a coating layer by using diatom shells and application, comprising the following steps: 1, adding distilled water into diatom mud or diatom dry powder, adjusting pH value by using strong acid, and then standing to obtain precipitate, centrifuging and washing the obtained precipitate to obtain primary diatom shells; 2, digesting or calcining the primary diatom shells to remove organic matter to obtain inorganic diatom shells; 3, mixing the inorganic diatom shells or the primary diatom shells with anhydrous ethanol and ammonia water to obtain diatom shell sol; and 4, coating the diatom shell sol on the surface of a substrate and heat treating to obtain a coating layer. The application utilizes the porous structure, large specific surface area and high light trapping efficiency of diatom shells, and prepares diatom shell sol by using diatom mud or diatom dry powder as raw material to form a coating layer on a substrate, without the need of complex pretreatment and modification steps, so that the coating layer has high light transmittance, hydrophobic characteristics, good antireflection effect, and is widely applied to solar cells, automobile, greenhouse and building glass.

A fluorine-free transparent superhydrophobic coating, and a preparation method therefor and an application thereof are provided. In the preparation method, a three-dimensional network structure formed by self-assembly of a bisamide derivative (1,4-bis[(3,4-dioctyloxyphenyl)-bisamido]benzene, BPH-8) is used as a template; tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica precursor is adsorbed on a surface of the template to undergo sol-gel polymerization to form silica with high transparency; then BPH-8 is removed by calcination to obtain a fibrous transparent silica surface; the silica surface is hydrophobically modified with octyltrichlorosilane to obtain a transparent superhydrophobic coating. The fluorine-free transparent superhydrophobic coating features a water contact angle of 162.7°, a sliding angle of less than 3°, and an average transmittance of visible light of 84.8%, and has good self-cleaning ability, and potential application value in the fields of architectural glass, automotive window glass, rearview mirrors, optical lenses, and solar photovoltaics.

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant carbon-based thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: modifying short carbon fibers by using a silane precursor and a hafnium tantalum precursor in sequence to obtain high-antioxidant short carbon fibers; preparing the antioxidant modified chopped carbon fibers into wet fiber sheets; mixing the hafnium tantalum nano boride powder, magnesia and aluminum fluoride, and then mixing with zirconium phosphate and an aluminum phosphate aqueous solution to prepare a glue solution; and alternately laminating and bonding the wet fiber sheets and the reflecting screens by using a glue solution, and carrying out mold pressing and curing to obtain the high-temperature-resistant carbon-based thermal insulation material. The invention also provides the carbon-based thermal insulation material prepared by the method. The novel ultrahigh-temperature multi-layer material which is semi-cured, good in flexibility and excellent in strength after curing is prepared from the novel high-oxidation-resistance short carbon fibers and the high-temperature-resistant zirconium phosphate sol, preparation of the high-strength ultrahigh-temperature-resistant multi-layer heat insulation material is achieved, and the purpose of durable application of the material is achieved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hardness-adjustable microstructure antireflection film for a solar cell cover plate, and the method comprises the steps: S1, preparing a coating sol emulsion: mixing a precursor of a film forming material with an alcohol solvent, adjusting the pH value of a reaction system to be acidic or alkaline, and carrying out a first-stage stirring reaction; adjusting the reaction system to be slightly neutral or slightly acidic, adding a thermally-decomposable pore-forming emulsion and an emulsifier, carrying out a second-stage stirring reaction, and aging to obtain a coating sol emulsion; s2, coating and heat treatment: coating the surface of a glass substrate with the coating sol emulsion by adopting a roller coating method, and then carrying out heat treatment on the coated glass substrate; the heat treatment comprises preheating treatment for preliminarily curing the thin film and a tempering process for tempering the glass substrate and completely curing the thin film at the same time; in the tempering process, the pore-forming emulsion is pyrolyzed, and a porous microstructure is formed in the cured film. The hardness of the thin film can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the high anti-reflection effect is achieved through the microstructure.

The invention discloses a surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection and a preparation method thereof, a dendritic cluster structure formed by naturally drying nanogold sol on a hydrophobic carbon film is constructed, the dendritic cluster structure is transferred and fixed on a tin foil-glass slide substrate, and the dendritic nanogold structure forms dense hot spots through droplet self-assembly, so that the surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection is obtained. The local electromagnetic field enhancement effect is obviously improved, so that high sensitivity is obtained; meanwhile, the structure is spontaneously formed on the hydrophobic substrate, the process does not need complex equipment or accurate control, only natural drying is needed, the preparation process is greatly simplified, and the reproducibility between batches is improved; and finally, the structure is stably fixed on the glass slide through the ultraviolet curing adhesive, so that the structure does not fall off in the detection process, and the signal is stable. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring high detection sensitivity, simplicity and convenience of substrate preparation, structural stability and high reproducibility of a detection result are realized, and the method is particularly suitable for on-site rapid SERS detection of trace pollutants in a complex water body.

The invention relates to a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a laminated cell and a photovoltaic module. The preparation method of the solar cell comprises the following steps: providing a substrate; preparing a titanium chalcogenide by adopting a solid-phase synthesis method; the preparation method comprises the following steps: performing ultrasonic treatment on a mixture of a titanium chalcogenide and an oxidizing agent to obtain a titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution; coating the surface of a substrate with the titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution, and performing first heat treatment to obtain an electron transfer layer; forming a perovskite layer on the surface of the electron transport layer; forming a hole transport layer on the surface of the titanium ore light absorption layer; and forming an electrode layer on the surface of the hole transport layer. According to the preparation method, the amorphous sol which is low in viscosity, good in flowability and uniform in dispersion is prepared by combining a solid phase method with ultrasonic treatment, then the uniform wet film which is high in wettability and stable in performance is prepared, it can be guaranteed that the film forming thickness is uniform, meanwhile, film liquid can be rapidly and uniformly spread on the surface of a substrate, and the preparation method is suitable for large-area preparation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flame-retardant nano materials, and particularly relates to a PBO-based intelligent flame-retardant early-warning film and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) preparing PNF sol; (2) preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid; (3) carrying out sol-gel transformation; (4) solvent replacement; (5) chemical crosslinking; (6) hot pressing orientation; a three-dimensional PBO nanofiber network and a graphene oxide sheet layer form a pearl-like microstructure through the synergistic effect of a strong electrostatic interaction and a physical entanglement effect, and the physical entanglement effect between PBO nanofibers is enhanced through the synergistic effect of a hydrogen-bond interaction between the PBO nanofibers and a chemical crosslinking effect between the PBO nanofibers and metal salt ions; the prepared PBO-based intelligent flame-retardant early-warning film has high electrical performance and mechanical performance and excellent insulation and flame retardance, the response speed of a fire alarm is greatly increased, and the working performance of a fire early-warning sensor can be improved.

The application relates to a kind of pipe furnace heat-insulating materials and its manufacturing method, including heat-insulating material body, further including the silicon sol layer coated on the surface of the heat-insulating material body, the aluminum sol layer coated on the surface of the silicon sol layer.The silicon sol layer and the aluminum sol layer are attached to the surface of the heat-insulating material body after drying, which well solves the powder dropping of the original heat-insulating material, and has no adverse reaction to the heating wire in the pipe furnace, no volatilization in the sintering process, can be attached to the heat-insulating material body for a long time, and will not affect the sintered product.

The application relates to a preparation method of a honeycomb-shaped titanium nitride (TiN) ceramic aerogel. The method combines a sol-gel method and a carbothermal reduction-nitriding process, and comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods through a hydrothermal method; then mixing the TiO2 nanorods with an organic sol system; and finally preparing a new honeycomb-shaped ultralight TiN ceramic aerogel through a sol-gel, supercritical drying and carbothermal reduction-nitriding process. The prepared TiN ceramic aerogel has a large BET specific surface area and a very low thermal conductivity, and exhibits excellent mechanical properties, heat insulation properties and oxidation resistance, so that the mechanical strength and high-temperature resistance of the TiN ceramic aerogel in an oxygen-containing environment are improved, and the TiN ceramic aerogel has great application value in the fields of aerospace, energy storage and building thermal insulation.

The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, and more particularly to a ceramic tile with a radiative cooling function, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The present application discloses a ceramic tile with a radiative cooling function, comprising a green body on which a glaze layer with a radiative cooling function is provided. The ceramic tile described in the present application is prepared by a sol-gel method using diatomaceous earth-loaded mesoporous alumina. The diatomaceous earth-loaded mesoporous alumina has a multi-level porous property, which enhances the scattering effect of sunlight during the sintering process with α-alumina and effectively suppresses the problem of a decrease in sunlight reflectivity caused by structural densification during the material manufacturing process.

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer composite materials, and relates to aerogel for radiation refrigeration, which takes biomass cellulose as a framework and is loaded with a functional layer formed by SiO2 sol derived from wollastonite and calcium phytate. Wherein the SiO2 microspheres form a radiation refrigeration layer, so that the material is endowed with high solar reflectivity (greater than or equal to 95.1%) and high infrared emissivity (greater than or equal to 91.2%); calcium phytate formed by coordination of phytic acid and calcium ions in wollastonite forms a flame-retardant layer, so that the material has rapid self-extinguishing capability. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out acid treatment on wollastonite, and preparing silica sol by a sol-gel method; the radiation refrigeration layer is constructed by loading the radiation refrigeration layer on the cellulose aerogel; and then treatment is carried out through a phytic acid solution, so that calcium resource fixation and flame-retardant layer construction are synchronously realized. All-element high-value utilization of silicon and calcium components of wollastonite is achieved, the problem of waste liquid in a traditional process is solved, and the obtained aerogel integrates efficient radiation refrigeration, active flame retardance, greenness and low cost and has wide application prospects in the field of building energy conservation.

The invention discloses a porous SiO2 / TiO2-ZnO composite super-hydrophilic coating and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional coatings and surface engineering. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on anatase type TiO2 and ZnO in a solvent to form a uniform composite dispersion liquid, mixing the uniform composite dispersion liquid with mesoporous SiO2 precursor sol prepared by a template method under an acidic condition, and adding a silane coupling agent and a spiropyrane derivative to carry out an interface bonding reaction to obtain composite sol; the composite sol is applied to the surface of a base material through a coating process, and the composite sol is obtained after drying and curing treatment. According to the coating prepared by the invention, TiO2 and ZnO form a heterojunction to enhance the photo-generated charge separation efficiency, and spiropyrane derivatives are introduced, so that synchronous improvement of efficient photocatalytic self-cleaning and controllable light response repair functions is synergistically realized in a single coating; the coating can be widely applied to the fields of building glass, automobile windows, solar cell cover plates and the like which need self-cleaning, antifogging and surface function maintenance.

The application discloses a black TiO2 / Fe-based medium-entropy alloy composite coating with antibacterial and degradation properties, which is composed of a Fe-based medium-entropy alloy coating and a black TiO2 sealing agent. The Fe-based medium-entropy alloy coating is sprayed on the surface of a substrate by a plasma spraying technology, and the porosity of the coating is 2.25% to 4.88%. The black TiO2 sealing agent prepared by a sol-gel method is used to seal the pores of the Fe-based medium-entropy alloy coating, thereby reducing the porosity of the coating and making the coating more compact. The Fe-based medium-entropy alloy coating has the antibacterial property of metal ions, and the black TiO2 sealing agent also has the photocatalytic effect under sunlight and near-infrared light, can produce a synergistic effect with the metal ions, and more efficiently improves the antibacterial effect of the coating. In addition, due to the photocatalytic activity of the black TiO2 sealing agent, the composite coating also has the function of degrading organic pollutants.

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy for a solar photovoltaic frame and a preparation method thereof; in the aluminum alloy melt, nano TiN / Ti refiner is added, meanwhile, phytic acid is added into a polyaniline skeleton in the form of doped acid, a three-dimensional network structure of -Si-O-Si- is introduced through the doping of silane, and the aluminum alloy after micro-arc oxidation is subjected to surface coating through a dip-coating method, so that the prepared aluminum alloy has fine and uniform crystal grains, the slip resistance during material deformation is improved, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is improved; the phytic acid in the phosphatized polyaniline hybrid sol has 6 phosphate groups and 12 hydroxyl groups, has strong chelation capacity, can react with the hydrolyzed silane to generate -P-O-Si- bonds, makes the coating have an organic / inorganic hybrid structure, forms a smooth and dense passivation film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, can resist elastic-plastic deformation, and improves the strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy.

The application discloses a kind of radiation refrigeration heat insulation coatings, including primer and finish, primer includes deionized water, PH regulator, defoaming agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, wetting agent, dispersant, water-based polyurethane emulsion, aerogel, hollow glass microsphere, sepiolite, film forming aid;Finish includes deionized water, PH regulator, defoaming agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, dispersant, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, rutile titanium dioxide, infrared reflective filler, film forming aid, defoaming agent, far infrared ceramic powder, potassium silicate, silica sol, titanium sol, silane modified acrylic emulsion, conductive mica powder.The coating has excellent solar reflectance and infrared emissivity, low thermal conductivity, and the coating has excellent high-temperature resistance, flame resistance and anti-staining effect.

The application relates to a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a laminated cell and a photovoltaic module. The preparation method of the solar cell comprises the following steps: providing a substrate; preparing a titanium chalcogenide compound by using a solid-phase synthesis method; performing ultrasonic treatment on a mixture of the titanium chalcogenide compound and an oxidizing agent to obtain a titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution; coating the titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution on the surface of the substrate and performing first heat treatment to obtain an electron transport layer; forming a perovskite layer on the surface of the electron transport layer; forming a hole transport layer on the surface of the perovskite light-absorbing layer; and forming an electrode layer on the surface of the hole transport layer. The solid-phase method is combined with ultrasonic treatment to prepare an amorphous sol with low viscosity, good fluidity and uniform dispersion, and then a uniform wet film with high wettability and stable performance is prepared, so that the film thickness is uniform, the film solution can be quickly and uniformly spread on the surface of the substrate, and the method is suitable for large-area preparation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a high-thermal-shock-resistance unshaped refractory material and a preparation method thereof. The high-thermal-shock-resistance unshaped refractory material provided by the invention comprises corundum, magnesium aluminate spinel, a binding agent, nano micro powder, quartz glass powder, polymeric aluminum phosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate. The high-alumina cement, the alumina sol and the silica powder jointly form a binding agent, so that the overall expansion rate of the material is reduced, and the interface bonding strength and the cracking resistance in the thermal shock resistance process are improved; the alumina sol with low acid content and high solid content is prepared by adopting a hydrothermal method, so that the thermal expansion difference is reduced, thermal shock is buffered, and the thermal shock resistance of the unshaped refractory material is further improved; the nano carbon black, the nano cerium oxide and the nano aluminum oxide jointly form the nano micro powder, and the thermal shock resistance of the unshaped refractory material is remarkably improved through a synergistic mechanism of thermal conductivity regulation, grain refinement and interface strengthening.

The invention discloses a light silicon dioxide aerogel felt material for sound insulation and noise reduction in an airplane as well as a preparation method and application of the light silicon dioxide aerogel felt material. The light silicon dioxide aerogel felt material comprises a flexible felt material serving as a matrix and silicon dioxide aerogel filled in fiber gaps of the matrix, the preparation method comprises the following steps: dipping a flexible felt material matrix in silicon dioxide sol, carrying out heating treatment to enable the silicon dioxide sol to be gelled and cured in matrix fiber gaps to form a wet gel felt, and carrying out aging, aging and hydrophobic modification on the wet gel felt, and carrying out CO2 supercritical drying to prepare a soft and flexible light silicon dioxide aerogel felt; wherein the thickness of the light silicon dioxide aerogel felt is in positive correlation with the sound insulation index, and the light silicon dioxide aerogel felt is attached to a special-shaped curved surface in an aircraft cabin in an unstressed mode. In this way, the material is low in density, light in weight, excellent in sound insulation and heat insulation performance, soft, tough, capable of being attached to the curved surface of a cabin, convenient to install, hydrophobic, free of weight increment and stable in performance and can be used for sound insulation, noise reduction and heat insulation protection of airplanes.

The application discloses a preparation method of a layered structure silicon oxide film, and belongs to the technical field of deep processing of glass thin film. First, monodisperse polystyrene microsphere emulsion is used as raw material, and 2-5 layers of ordered colloid crystal templates are prepared on a substrate through a doctor blade method. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate is used as a precursor, hydrolysis and condensation are carried out under catalysis of a specific acid-base sequence, and an SiO2 coating sol is prepared by combining an anionic surfactant as a soft template. Finally, the sol is used as a coating liquid, the above template is used as the substrate, and a film is formed by adopting a spin coating or a pulling method, the template is removed through drying and heat treatment at 400-600 DEG C, and a silicon oxide film with a layered, through and multi-level pore structure is obtained. The method is simple and controllable, the prepared film has the characteristics of low refractive index and high optical transmittance, and has important application prospects in the field of solar photovoltaic cells.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an oxide nano suede on the surface of a solar cell based on water vapor treatment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) forming a film on the surface of the solar cell by metal oxide sol; the metal oxide sol is at least one of alumina sol and zinc oxide sol; and (2) treating the solar cell after film formation in a water vapor atmosphere to form a nano suede. The water vapor method is simple in preparation process, low in cost and good in process repeatability, and equipment and the process are easy to amplify. Different metal oxide sols have different morphologies after being treated by water vapor, the metal oxide nano suede can be adjusted by changing the types of the sols and adjusting parameters such as temperature and time of water vapor treatment, the performance of gradually changing the refractive index is realized, the light reflection loss of the solar cell is reduced, and the photoelectric property is improved.