82 results about "HYDROSOL" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant, heat-insulating and flame-retardant poly (p-phenylene terephthamide) nanofiber composite aerogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite aerogel is prepared by slowly releasing proton to induce gel through a two-step sol-gel method. Firstly, carboxyl on a PAA molecular chain is introduced to interact with deprotonated amido in an ANF molecular chain, so that a part of a hydrogen bond system is recovered, ANF pre-gel is achieved, then Ti2CCl2 is dispersed into the ANF pre-gel system, the gelation process is further completed through protonic acid, and the ANF / Ti2CCl2 / ANF composite material is obtained. The composite aerogel is obtained through an improved directional freeze-drying technology and a solvent replacement method. The prepared composite aerogel combines the high thermal stability of Ti2CCl2 and the excellent mechanical property of ANF, has excellent flame retardance, high temperature resistance and heat shielding effectiveness, has wide application prospects in the fields of electronic heat dissipation, building energy efficiency, solar energy utilization and the like, and can meet the ever-increasing requirements for efficient thermal regulation and thermal protection.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a CZTSSe absorption layer film and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a CZTS precursor solution of a DMF solution system; s2, preparing a CZTS precursor film by adopting a sol-gel method; and S3, coating the CZTS precursor thin film with a NaF solution with the concentration of 0-0.2 mol / L, and then carrying out drying and selenylation treatment to obtain the CZTSSe absorption layer thin film. According to the invention, the CZTS precursor film prepared by using the green and environment-friendly solvent DMF is used for carrying out a NaF solution spin-coating annealing process, so that the improvement of the battery efficiency is successfully realized. The change of CZTSSe film element redistribution, defect chemical environment and grain boundary potential difference after the Na element is doped is avoided.

The invention discloses a water glass-based full-life super-amphiphobic radiation refrigeration block material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 to 3 parts of C-F long-chain modified micro-nano particles, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water glass-based binder, 0.1 to 0.3 part of nano silicon dioxide sol and 0.05 to 0.16 part of curing catalyst, the C-F long-chain modified micro-nano particles are obtained by sequentially carrying out silane coupling agent grafting modification and fluorosilane grafting modification on nano particles with high sunlight reflectivity and micro particles with high sunlight emissivity. The super-amphiphobic function is converted into a three-dimensional block material from a two-dimensional coating, stress distribution optimization and interface bonding energy improvement are achieved while the ultra-low surface energy characteristic is kept, the problems of optical performance degradation and the like caused by surface pollution of the radiation refrigeration material are effectively solved, the mechanical durability of the material is essentially improved, and the service life of the radiation refrigeration material is prolonged. And the radiation refrigeration system can maintain stable performance in the whole life cycle.

The present invention discloses a gradient aerogel composite material and its preparation method. The gradient aerogel composite material is prepared by preparing a sunscreen slurry, applying the slurry, hot-pressing fibers, impregnating and aging the sol, supercritical drying, and heat treating. The gradient aerogel composite material prepared using the present invention is ultra-lightweight, high-temperature resistant, exhibits ultra-low thermal conductivity over a wide temperature range, and can be formed into large-scale thermal insulation components. It can be used as a thermal insulation material in aerospace, nuclear power, shipbuilding, and other fields.

The invention discloses a self-cleaning-radiation refrigeration-deicing integrated functional coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional protective coatings and preparation thereof. The problems that the surface of an existing solar cell panel is prone to being covered with sand, dust and ice and snow in the application process, and the cell panel is too hot in summer are solved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an ITO heating coating by adopting a magnetron sputtering technology, pre-treating the surface of the ITO coating by using plasmas, spin-coating PDMS-SiO2 modified sol on the surface of the ITO coating after more polar groups are introduced, and carrying out curing treatment, so that the ITO heating coating has hydrophobicity and radiation refrigeration property, and in order to further reduce the surface energy of the coating, the surface of the ITO heating coating is coated with the PDMS-SiO2 modified sol. And a normal hexane solution of perfluorosilane is used for reducing the surface energy of the coating, so that the self-cleaning / radiation refrigeration / deicing integrated coating with high adhesive force and high transparency is obtained. The prepared coating is widely applied to the technical field of solar power generation and the like.

The invention discloses a poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) nanofiber composite hydrogel photo-thermal evaporator and a preparation method and application thereof.The photo-thermal evaporator is composed of a photo-thermal conversion assembly and a heat insulation supporting assembly, and the photo-thermal conversion assembly is made of PBO nanofiber composite hydrogel; the bottom of the photo-thermal conversion assembly is embedded in the heat insulation supporting assembly. The interface water evaporation-oriented PBO nanofiber composite hydrogel is prepared by a simple sol-gel method, and the preparation process is simple. The PBO nanofibers and the polyvinyl alcohol are tightly combined to form an ultra-strong structure evaporator, the wettability of the material is improved due to the addition of the PVA, and the abundant three-dimensional network and porous structure provide guarantee for water transmission. The photo-thermal evaporator can serve as a main assembly of a solar interface water evaporation device, can obtain energy from the environment, has excellent interface water evaporation performance and meanwhile has good mechanical performance and tolerance.

The invention discloses a coating technology of a self-cleaning glass coating, which adopts a water-based paint containing nano TiO2 / SiO2 hybrid sol (core-shell structure), a polyurethane modified silane coupling agent and a flatting agent, and forms a 150-300nm super-hydrophilic coating (the contact angle is less than or equal to 5 degrees) on the surface of glass through a synergistic process of gradient curing (three-stage heating at 80-150 DEG C) and ultraviolet radiation (a main wave band of 365nm and an auxiliary wave band of 280-320nm). The technology breaks through the bottleneck that low-temperature curing and high adhesive force are difficult to be compatible, and the contact angle of the coating is still lt after damp-heat aging; 10 degrees, the light transmittance loss lt; and 3%, the photovoltaic module is suitable for building curtain walls, automobile windshields and photovoltaic modules. The method comprises the following steps: (1) bonding a polyurethane chain segment with a mechanical interlocking enhanced interface through a hydrogen bond; (2) the SiO2 shell layer improves the TiO2 quantum efficiency; and (3) equipment zoned humidity control and inert atmosphere oxidation inhibition are realized, and unification of self-cleaning performance, optical performance and mechanical durability is realized by an environment-friendly process.

The invention discloses a radiation refrigeration thermal insulation coating, which comprises a primer and a finish, the primer comprises deionized water, a pH regulator, a defoamer, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a waterborne polyurethane emulsion, aerogel, hollow glass beads, sepiolite and a film forming aid; the finish paint is prepared from deionized water, a PH regulator, a defoaming agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a dispersing agent, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, rutile type titanium dioxide, infrared reflection filler, a coalescing agent, a defoaming agent, far infrared ceramic powder, potassium silicate, silica sol, titanium sol, silane modified acrylic emulsion and conductive mica powder. The coating has the advantages of excellent sunlight reflectivity and infrared emissivity, low heat conductivity coefficient, excellent high temperature resistance, excellent flame retardance and excellent stain resistance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a rare earth modified SiO2 film with high radiation resistance, high mechanical property and high antireflection. Polyethylene glycol is used as a pore-foaming agent, tetraethyl silicate and methyltriethoxysilane are used as precursors, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, nitric acid is used as a catalyst, and rare earth elements are used as an anti-radiation agent. The prepared SiO2 sol is coated on glass, the sol is dried into gel, and the porous nano-film is obtained through heat treatment. The spectrum average transmittance (transmittance of coated glass) of the film at 400-1100 nm is 93.1%, and is improved by 4.57% compared with that of glass; the surface hardness of the film reaches the highest level 9H of a pencil method, and the adhesive force also reaches the highest level 0 of an adhesive tape method. After 5000 equivalent solar hours are irradiated by ultraviolet rays, the average transmittance of the film is 92.25% and is only reduced by 0.85%. The high-radiation-resistance, high-mechanical-property and high-antireflection film is simple in preparation process and suitable for industrial popularization.

Provided is a device for generating an aerosol, the device including: a heater that generates the aerosol by heating an aerosol generating material; and a controller that variably increases an amount of power supplied to the heater to heat the aerosol generating material at a preheating temperature lower than a heating temperature for generating the acrosol.

The application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and a preparation process thereof. The application adds anhydrous ethanol, ammonia water, deionized water, methyl triethoxysilane, tetraethyl orthosilicate and octadecyl trimethoxysilane to prepare silica sol. Then, tetra(2-hydroxyethoxy)silane, polypropylene glycol, toluene diisocyanate, betulin, 3,4-diamino furazan, silica sol and a catalyst stannous octoate are added to prepare a polymer. Glass, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a cell piece and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are sequentially laid in layers; the laminated assembly is assembled with a frame to obtain a solar photovoltaic panel. Finally, a coating is prepared by taking the polymer as a raw material, and the coating is coated on the solar photovoltaic panel to obtain a finished product. The finished product has good hydrophobicity and antibacterial property, and therefore has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a ferroelectric enhanced core-shell structure artificial photosynthetic heterojunction catalyst, and belongs to the field of solar energy conversion and photocatalytic degradation. The invention aims to explore the technical problems of low-cost green preparation, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and photocatalytic performance improvement of the photocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1, respectively dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and iron nitrate nonahydrate in ethylene glycol in sequence, heating in a water bath, stirring, aging, transferring sol into an air dry oven, drying to obtain gel powder, grinding, transferring the powder into a muffle furnace, and calcining to obtain BiFeO3 powder (named as BFO); and 2, dissolving thioacetamide in deionized water, fully stirring, adding the BFO prepared in the step 1, transferring the solution into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, transferring the solution into a reaction kettle, carrying out heating reaction, cooling, washing, and drying to obtain the ferroelectric enhanced Bi2S3 / BFO photocatalyst with a stable heterojunction structure.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a glass article comprising the following steps: - the provision of a glass substrate, - the deposition, on at least one face of said glass substrate, of a stack of layers comprising at least one functional metallic layer containing silver, each of said layers being deposited by magnetic field assisted sputtering, - the application of a sol-gel solution comprising at least one silicon oxide precursor and / or at least one transition metal oxide precursor, said solution being applied over said stack of layers, so as to form a sol-gel layer having an average thickness of between 50 nm and 3000 nm, preferably between 70 nm and 1500 nm, - the heat treatment at a temperature above 500°C, preferably between 540°C and 700°C, so as to crack the sol-gel layer and damage the stack of layers.The present invention also relates to a glass article that can be obtained by such a process which comprises a glass substrate coated on at least one of its faces: - with a stack of layers comprising at least one functional metallic layer containing silver, and - with at least one sol-gel layer located above said stack of layers and having an average thickness between 50 nm and 3000 nm, preferably between 70 nm and 1500 nm, said stack of layers and said sol-gel layer having cracks or fissures.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of an ultra-transparent silicon dioxide aerogel thermal insulation material. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a nonionic surfactant in an acidic solvent, and then adding double silicon sources for hydrolysis to obtain a silicon source precursor; dropwise adding a basic catalyst into the silicon source precursor solution, and carrying out sol-gel reaction to obtain wet gel; and putting the wet gel into a drying oven, carrying out aging treatment, and then carrying out solvent replacement and supercritical drying to obtain the ultra-transparent silicon dioxide aerogel. The prepared aerogel has the heat conductivity coefficient of 0.0259 W / m.K to 0.0339 W / m.K, the light transmittance of 67% to 95% and the water contact angle of 102 degrees to 121 degrees, the temperature of the aerogel is 3.5 DEG C lower than that of a common glass window in simulation of a building energy-saving window, the temperature of the aerogel is 27.3 DEG C higher than that of a common solar heat collection device in simulation of a solar heat collection device, the problem that low heat conductivity coefficient, high light transmittance and water repellency cannot be achieved at the same time is solved, and the aerogel is suitable for being used in a building energy-saving window and a building energy-saving window. The method has huge application value in the fields of building energy conservation, solar heat collection systems, super transparent heat insulation, deep space exploration and the like.

The invention discloses a contact passivation crystalline silicon solar cell with orientation regulation and control. The contact passivation crystalline silicon solar cell comprises a silicon substrate, a silicon oxide tunneling contact growing in a vertical orientation mode is deposited on the back face of the silicon substrate. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the crystalline silicon solar cell, the preparation method comprises a process of depositing silicon oxide tunneling contact growing in a vertical orientation mode on the back face of the silicon substrate, and the process specifically comprises the following steps that 1, impurity removal and hydroxylation treatment are conducted on the back face of the silicon substrate in sequence; 2, preparing a precursor sol based on an organosilicon compound or an inorganic silicon compound, and coating the precursor sol on the back surface of the silicon substrate by spin coating, spray coating, brush coating or roller coating; and step 3, reacting in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity environment, heating after the reaction, removing by-products generated by hydrolysis, and obtaining high-crystallinity silicon oxide tunneling contact growing along the vertical direction on the back surface of the silicon substrate.

The application relates to the technical field of coating preparation, in particular to a nano coating for a self-cleaning polycrystalline solar module and a preparation method, wherein the coating is composed of titanium dioxide nanotubes, fluorosilane modified silica aerogel, graphene quantum dots and polyaniline-polyazole copolymer; the titanium dioxide nanotubes are prepared through a hydrothermal reaction and calcination, the aerogel is synthesized through a sol-gel method, the quantum dots are obtained through pyrolysis reduction, and the conductive polymer is obtained through oxidation polymerization; the components are dispersed in a solvent in proportion, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out after the addition of a leveling agent, the solar module is coated through a dip coating method, and the coating is formed through drying and ultraviolet curing. The self-cleaning nano coating is composed of multiple components, forms a multistage rough structure, realizes superhydrophobicity, widens a light response range, improves photocatalytic efficiency, improves electrical performance and increases photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and discloses a method for preparing a semiconductor thin film solar cell, which comprises the following steps of: S1, cleaning a substrate: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the substrate by using deionized water, alcohol and alkali liquor in sequence; s2, positive electrode deposition: depositing a molybdenum film on the substrate through a magnetron sputtering method; s3, preparing a precursor film: preparing the precursor film by using a sol-gel method; s4, selenylation annealing: putting the precursor film, selenium particles and tin disulfide into a graphite box; s5, buffer layer deposition: depositing a cadmium sulfide buffer layer on the absorption layer through a chemical bath method; s6, depositing a window layer; s7, depositing a negative electrode; and S8, packaging. The tin disulfide atmosphere is introduced in the annealing process, element distribution and crystal quality of the copper-zinc-tin-sulfide thin film are further optimized, composition segregation is effectively inhibited, and the composite defect density in the material is reduced. And the absorption layer has more excellent crystallization characteristics, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses an aerogel-based evaporator with a double-network structure as well as a preparation method and application of the aerogel-based evaporator, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. According to the aerogel-based evaporator, sodium alginate and nanocellulose are used for constructing an interpenetrating dual-network as a framework, acidified carbon nanotubes are combined as a photo-thermal material, and the aerogel-based evaporator is prepared through a sol-gel method and a freeze-drying process. The double-network structure synergistically exerts the advantages of super hydrophilicity and high mechanical strength, and salt ion deposition and crystallization are effectively inhibited; the acidified carbon nanotubes guarantee efficient photo-thermal conversion, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved. The evaporator successfully solves the problems that traditional equipment is low in solar energy utilization rate, salt crystallization damages the evaporator and the like, has excellent mechanical stability, wide water body adaptability and light environment adaptability, and is environment-friendly in preparation process, easy to produce on a large scale and suitable for industrial production. And an efficient and stable novel technical scheme is provided for solar-driven water purification and seawater desalination.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst materials. Disclosed are a preparation method for a nano-TiO2 thin film, and a product and the use thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a titanium dioxide sol by using butyl titanate and absolute ethanol as raw materials; loading the titanium dioxide sol onto a glass substrate; and then sequentially drying and sintering the glass substrate loaded with the titanium dioxide sol. The preparation method is simple, uses simple and easily available raw materials, is free of pollution, and is beneficial to industrial production. The loading rate of the nano-TiO2 in the obtained nano-TiO2 thin film is high, thereby resulting in a high utilization rate of solar energy, and enabling efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.

The invention relates to a modified SnO2 sol, a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method, and the preparation method comprises the steps: adding an alkali source into a conventional SnO2 sol, and then carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain the modified SnO2 sol; the ultrasonic treatment can reduce the roughness of an electron transport layer material and improve the conductivity of a stannic oxide transport layer, the agglomeration of a SnO2 colloidal solution can be effectively blocked due to the combination of hydroxyl radicals obtained after ultrasonic treatment and Sn atoms, stannic oxide can form a double-electrode layer under the action of an alkali source in the ultrasonic process, and thus the conductivity of the SnO2 transport layer can be effectively improved due to electrostatic repulsion. The SnO2 sol can stably exist in a solution, so that the reservoir stability of the SnO2 sol is improved; besides, by adding NaClO to passivate oxygen vacancies on the surface, generation of the oxygen vacancies is reduced, Cl ions can be combined with the oxygen vacancies, diffusion of iodine from perovskite to an ETL layer can be inhibited, and the degradation level of a perovskite material at an interface is effectively reduced.

The application provides a method for preparing a coating layer by using diatom shells and application, comprising the following steps: 1, adding distilled water into diatom mud or diatom dry powder, adjusting pH value by using strong acid, and then standing to obtain precipitate, centrifuging and washing the obtained precipitate to obtain primary diatom shells; 2, digesting or calcining the primary diatom shells to remove organic matter to obtain inorganic diatom shells; 3, mixing the inorganic diatom shells or the primary diatom shells with anhydrous ethanol and ammonia water to obtain diatom shell sol; and 4, coating the diatom shell sol on the surface of a substrate and heat treating to obtain a coating layer. The application utilizes the porous structure, large specific surface area and high light trapping efficiency of diatom shells, and prepares diatom shell sol by using diatom mud or diatom dry powder as raw material to form a coating layer on a substrate, without the need of complex pretreatment and modification steps, so that the coating layer has high light transmittance, hydrophobic characteristics, good antireflection effect, and is widely applied to solar cells, automobile, greenhouse and building glass.

A fluorine-free transparent superhydrophobic coating, and a preparation method therefor and an application thereof are provided. In the preparation method, a three-dimensional network structure formed by self-assembly of a bisamide derivative (1,4-bis[(3,4-dioctyloxyphenyl)-bisamido]benzene, BPH-8) is used as a template; tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica precursor is adsorbed on a surface of the template to undergo sol-gel polymerization to form silica with high transparency; then BPH-8 is removed by calcination to obtain a fibrous transparent silica surface; the silica surface is hydrophobically modified with octyltrichlorosilane to obtain a transparent superhydrophobic coating. The fluorine-free transparent superhydrophobic coating features a water contact angle of 162.7°, a sliding angle of less than 3°, and an average transmittance of visible light of 84.8%, and has good self-cleaning ability, and potential application value in the fields of architectural glass, automotive window glass, rearview mirrors, optical lenses, and solar photovoltaics.

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant carbon-based thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: modifying short carbon fibers by using a silane precursor and a hafnium tantalum precursor in sequence to obtain high-antioxidant short carbon fibers; preparing the antioxidant modified chopped carbon fibers into wet fiber sheets; mixing the hafnium tantalum nano boride powder, magnesia and aluminum fluoride, and then mixing with zirconium phosphate and an aluminum phosphate aqueous solution to prepare a glue solution; and alternately laminating and bonding the wet fiber sheets and the reflecting screens by using a glue solution, and carrying out mold pressing and curing to obtain the high-temperature-resistant carbon-based thermal insulation material. The invention also provides the carbon-based thermal insulation material prepared by the method. The novel ultrahigh-temperature multi-layer material which is semi-cured, good in flexibility and excellent in strength after curing is prepared from the novel high-oxidation-resistance short carbon fibers and the high-temperature-resistant zirconium phosphate sol, preparation of the high-strength ultrahigh-temperature-resistant multi-layer heat insulation material is achieved, and the purpose of durable application of the material is achieved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hardness-adjustable microstructure antireflection film for a solar cell cover plate, and the method comprises the steps: S1, preparing a coating sol emulsion: mixing a precursor of a film forming material with an alcohol solvent, adjusting the pH value of a reaction system to be acidic or alkaline, and carrying out a first-stage stirring reaction; adjusting the reaction system to be slightly neutral or slightly acidic, adding a thermally-decomposable pore-forming emulsion and an emulsifier, carrying out a second-stage stirring reaction, and aging to obtain a coating sol emulsion; s2, coating and heat treatment: coating the surface of a glass substrate with the coating sol emulsion by adopting a roller coating method, and then carrying out heat treatment on the coated glass substrate; the heat treatment comprises preheating treatment for preliminarily curing the thin film and a tempering process for tempering the glass substrate and completely curing the thin film at the same time; in the tempering process, the pore-forming emulsion is pyrolyzed, and a porous microstructure is formed in the cured film. The hardness of the thin film can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the high anti-reflection effect is achieved through the microstructure.

The invention relates to the technical field of counter electrodes of carbon-based perovskite solar cells, and particularly discloses a boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon sphere material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a basic catalyst, a phenol compound, an aldehyde compound and a silicon-containing pore-forming agent into an alcohol-water solution, carrying out hydrolytic polymerization reaction, then adding a boron source and a nitrogen source, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain a boron-nitrogen co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere precursor; and carbonizing the boron-nitrogen co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere precursor in an inert atmosphere, and soaking the carbonized boron-nitrogen co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere precursor in alkali liquor to obtain the boron-nitrogen co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere material. The boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon sphere material is designed by adopting an improved sol-gel method, the interface contact between the carbon electrode and perovskite is improved, the conductivity, wettability and stability of the carbon-based counter electrode are improved, the Fermi energy level of the carbon electrode is closer to the HOMO energy level of perovskite, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. And the comprehensive performance of the perovskite solar cell is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection and a preparation method thereof, a dendritic cluster structure formed by naturally drying nanogold sol on a hydrophobic carbon film is constructed, the dendritic cluster structure is transferred and fixed on a tin foil-glass slide substrate, and the dendritic nanogold structure forms dense hot spots through droplet self-assembly, so that the surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection is obtained. The local electromagnetic field enhancement effect is obviously improved, so that high sensitivity is obtained; meanwhile, the structure is spontaneously formed on the hydrophobic substrate, the process does not need complex equipment or accurate control, only natural drying is needed, the preparation process is greatly simplified, and the reproducibility between batches is improved; and finally, the structure is stably fixed on the glass slide through the ultraviolet curing adhesive, so that the structure does not fall off in the detection process, and the signal is stable. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring high detection sensitivity, simplicity and convenience of substrate preparation, structural stability and high reproducibility of a detection result are realized, and the method is particularly suitable for on-site rapid SERS detection of trace pollutants in a complex water body.

The invention relates to a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a laminated cell and a photovoltaic module. The preparation method of the solar cell comprises the following steps: providing a substrate; preparing a titanium chalcogenide by adopting a solid-phase synthesis method; the preparation method comprises the following steps: performing ultrasonic treatment on a mixture of a titanium chalcogenide and an oxidizing agent to obtain a titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution; coating the surface of a substrate with the titanium dioxide amorphous precursor solution, and performing first heat treatment to obtain an electron transfer layer; forming a perovskite layer on the surface of the electron transport layer; forming a hole transport layer on the surface of the titanium ore light absorption layer; and forming an electrode layer on the surface of the hole transport layer. According to the preparation method, the amorphous sol which is low in viscosity, good in flowability and uniform in dispersion is prepared by combining a solid phase method with ultrasonic treatment, then the uniform wet film which is high in wettability and stable in performance is prepared, it can be guaranteed that the film forming thickness is uniform, meanwhile, film liquid can be rapidly and uniformly spread on the surface of a substrate, and the preparation method is suitable for large-area preparation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flame-retardant nano materials, and particularly relates to a PBO-based intelligent flame-retardant early-warning film and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) preparing PNF sol; (2) preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid; (3) carrying out sol-gel transformation; (4) solvent replacement; (5) chemical crosslinking; (6) hot pressing orientation; a three-dimensional PBO nanofiber network and a graphene oxide sheet layer form a pearl-like microstructure through the synergistic effect of a strong electrostatic interaction and a physical entanglement effect, and the physical entanglement effect between PBO nanofibers is enhanced through the synergistic effect of a hydrogen-bond interaction between the PBO nanofibers and a chemical crosslinking effect between the PBO nanofibers and metal salt ions; the prepared PBO-based intelligent flame-retardant early-warning film has high electrical performance and mechanical performance and excellent insulation and flame retardance, the response speed of a fire alarm is greatly increased, and the working performance of a fire early-warning sensor can be improved.

The invention discloses a poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) nanofiber composite film, a preparation method thereof and application of the poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) nanofiber composite film in solar interface water evaporation. The composite film is prepared from a carbon nanomaterial and PBO fibers through a sol-gel-freeze drying method. The PBO nanofiber and the carbon nanomaterial can be combined together through physical and chemical interaction to form a stable structure. The interaction can enhance the interface bonding force of the composite material, prevent agglomeration and falling of carbon nano materials such as carbon nano tubes and the like, improve the stability of the material and prolong the service life of the material. The carbon nanomaterial has relatively high strength, and can be mutually enhanced after being combined with the PBO nanofibers, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is further improved. The solar-driven interface water evaporation device based on the PBO nanofiber / carbon nanomaterial composite film can be used for application scenes such as seawater desalination, sewage treatment, solar-driven water evaporation power generation and the like.

The application relates to a kind of pipe furnace heat-insulating materials and its manufacturing method, including heat-insulating material body, further including the silicon sol layer coated on the surface of the heat-insulating material body, the aluminum sol layer coated on the surface of the silicon sol layer.The silicon sol layer and the aluminum sol layer are attached to the surface of the heat-insulating material body after drying, which well solves the powder dropping of the original heat-insulating material, and has no adverse reaction to the heating wire in the pipe furnace, no volatilization in the sintering process, can be attached to the heat-insulating material body for a long time, and will not affect the sintered product.