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220 results about "Particle growth" patented technology

Particle growth or crystal growth is the process of increasing the size of a pre-existing crystal structure.

Process For The Continuous Production Of Polycrystalline High-Purity Silicon Granules

High-purity polysilicon granules are prepared by depositing reaction gas on silicon granules in a fluidized bed reactor having:a reactor space comprising at least two zones lying one above the other, the lower zone weakly fluidized by introduction of a silicon-free gas into silicon granules in the lower zone by a plurality of individual dilution gas nozzles, and a second, reaction zone directly abutting the lower zone,the reaction zone heated via its outwardly bounding wall,introducing silicon-containing reaction gas as a vertical high speed gas jet into the reaction zone by reaction gas nozzle(s), forming local reaction gas jets surrounded by bubble-forming fluidized bed, gas decomposing leading to particle growth,wherein the reaction gas has fully or almost fully reacted to chemical equilibrium conversion before reaching the wall or bed surface.
Owner:WACKER CHEM GMBH

Plasma synthesis of metal oxide nanopowder and apparatus therefor

A process and apparatus for the synthesis of metal oxide nanopowder from a metal compound vapour is presented. In particular a process and apparatus for the synthesis of TiO2 nanopowder from TiCl4 is disclosed. The metal compound vapour is reacted with an oxidizing gas in electrically induced RF frequency plasma thus forming a metal oxide vapour. The metal oxide vapour is rapidly cooled using a highly turbulent gas quench zone which quickly halts the particle growth process, yielding a substantial reduction in the size of metal oxide particles formed compared with known processes. The metal compound vapour can also react with a doping agent to create a doped metal oxide nanopowder. Additionally, a process and apparatus for the inline synthesis of a coated metal oxide is disclosed wherein the metal oxide particles are coated with a surface agent after being cooled in a highly turbulent gas quench zone.
Owner:TEKNA PLASMA SYST INC

Nickel-cobalt-manganese complex hydroxide particles and method for producing same, positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for producing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

An object of the present invention is to provide nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide particles having a small particle diameter and a uniform particle size distribution, and a method for producing the same.[Solution]A method for producing a nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide by a crystallization reaction is provided. The method includes: a nucleation step of performing nucleation by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for nucleation including metal compounds containing nickel, cobalt and manganese, and an ammonium ion donor to 12.0 to 14.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard; and a particle growth step of growing nuclei by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for particle growth containing nuclei formed in the nucleation step to 10.5 to 12.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD +1

Control of particle growth with complexing agents

A method of making particles suitable for use as toners includes forming a mixture of sulfonated polyester resin, a colorant dispersion and optionally a wax dispersion, homogenizing the mixture, adding a coagulant to the mixture to aggregate the mixture to form aggregated particles, and coalescing the aggregated particles to form coalesced particles. In the method, when a predetermined average particle size is achieved during the aggregation and / or coalescing step, a complexing agent that complexes with ions of the coagulant is added in an amount effective to substantially halt any further particle growth. The complexing agent is believed to halt further growth by complexing with free coagulant ions still in the solution.
Owner:XEROX CORP

Porous 4 group metal oxide and method for preparation thereof

This invention relates to a 4 group metal oxide and to a method for preparation thereof and the 4 group metal oxide prepared by adding a particle growth inhibiter to a hydrosol a hydrogel or a dried product of a hydrous 4 group metal oxide represented by MO(2-x)(OH)2x (wherein M denotes a 4 group metal and x is a number greater than 0.1 or x>0.1) followed by drying and calcining has a specific surface area of 80 m<2> / g or more, a pore volume of 0.2 ml / g or more and a pore sharpness degree of 50% or more and excellent heat stability and is useful for a catalyst or a catalyst carrier in which a catalyst metal is dispersed to a high degree. This invention further relates to a porous 4 group metal oxide and to a method for preparation thereof and the 4 group metal oxide prepared by application of a pH swing operation is characterized by a large specific surface area, excellent heat stability, high dispersion of a catalyst metal and a controlled and sharp pore distribution and is useful for a catalyst or a catalyst carrier of excellent reaction selectivity.
Owner:CHIYODA CORP

Methods for securing individual abrasive particles to a substrate in a predetermined pattern

A method for temporarily securing superabrasive particles to a substrate such as a tool substrate or a growth precursor and articles formed therefrom are provided. The method can include applying an array of adhesive droplets onto at least a portion of a substrate in accordance with a predetermined pattern. The pattern may be uniform grid equally spacing each adhesive droplet. The adhesive droplets can be suitable to each secure only a single superabrasive particle. The method may further include adhering a single superabrasive particle to each adhesive droplet. As a result of the method can yield a tool substrate and grow precursor having enhance particle growth and wear properties.
Owner:SUNG CHIEN MIN

Turbulent mixing aerosol nanoparticle reactor and method of operating the same

A nanoparticle reactor comprises a nucleation and core growth region providing a laminar flow of reactants in which the reactants thermally decompose to produce a supersaturated vapor that nucleates aerosol particles into particle cores. Nozzle(s) turbulently mix a preheated diluent into the heated reactants. The mixed preheated diluent and heated reactants flow into a core densification region where particle growth is quenched, coagulation limited and sufficient thermal energy for densification of the cores of the particles is provided. Nozzles turbulently mix a preheated additional reactant. A jet and chemical injection and layer formation region is used to develop the particle cores.
Owner:CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH

Nickel complex hydroxide particles and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Disclosed are: nickel complex hydroxide particles that have small and uniform particle diameters; and a method by which the nickel complex hydroxide particles can be produced. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a nickel complex hydroxide by a crystallization reaction, which comprises: a nucleation step in which nucleation is carried out, while controlling an aqueous solution for nucleation containing an ammonium ion supplying material and a metal compound that contains nickel to have a pH of 12.0-13.4 at a liquid temperature of 25° C.; and a particle growth step in which nuclei are grown, while controlling an aqueous solution for particle growth containing the nuclei, which have been formed in the nucleation step, to have a pH of 10.5-12.0 at a liquid temperature of 25° C. In this connection, the pH in the particle growth step is controlled to be less than the pH in the nucleation step.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

Fumed silica to colloidal silica conversion process

A method of manufacturing a colloidal silica dispersion, by dissolving a fumed silica in an aqueous solvent having an alkali metal hydroxide to produce an alkaline silicate solution; removing the alkali metal via ion exchange to produce a silicic acid solution; adjusting the temperature, concentration and pH of the silicic acid solution to values sufficient to initiate nucleation and particle growth at elevated temperatures; and cooling the silicic acid solution at a rate sufficient to produce the colloidal silica dispersion. The colloidal silica particles in the colloidal silica dispersion have a mean particle size about 2 nm to about 100 nm. Also provided is a method of chemical mechanical polishing a surface of a substrate by contacting the substrate and a composition having a plurality of colloidal silica particles according to the present invention and a medium for suspending the particles. The contacting is carried out at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to planarize the substrate.
Owner:PLANAR SOLUTIONS

Excess enthalpy upon pressurization of nanosized metals with deuterium

A method for producing excess enthalpy by impregnating metallic precursors on an oxide support that reduces sintering and particle growth; drying the impregnated support at a temperature where the particle growth is minimal; reducing the metallic precursors at a second temperature where the particle growth results in supported metallic particles 2 nm or less in size; and pressurizing the supported metallic particles in the presence of deuterium. The metal particles may comprise palladium, platinum, mixtures thereof, or mixtures of palladium and / or platinum with other elements. Also disclosed is a method for measuring excess enthalpy by placing a test material in a pressure vessel; heating the pressure vessel; evacuating the pressure vessel; introducing deuterium, hydrogen, or both into the pressure vessel; measuring the enthalpy generated during pressurization; again evacuating the pressure vessel; and measuring the enthalpy used during depressurization.
Owner:THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY

Preparation and use of nanosize pigment compositions

A mixture of an organic nanosize pigment comprising of from 50 to 99% by weight of the nanosize pigment and 1 to 50% by weight based of a low molecular weight naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde polymer and its use as a particle growth and crystal phase director for the preparation of a direct pigmentary organic pigment or in pigment finishing.
Owner:CIBA SPECIALTY CHEM CORP

Particle-based method of generating and animating three-dimensional vegetation

A computer-based method for generating vegetation such as 3D models of trees. The method includes providing in memory a template with model growth rules. A computer processor positions a seed particle in a location in digital 3D space. The base particle is associated with a set of attributes stored in the memory, such as attributes or values provided in the template. A generator module generates the tree model (e.g. a particle system) using a particle-based growth process starting with the seed. The particle growth includes iteratively generating additional particles and also includes gathering environmental data regarding the 3D space for the particles. Then, the method includes determining a move direction for each particle based on the growth rules evaluated with the environmental data The particles are moved to new positions using the move direction, and these steps are continued through time steps to create the tree model.
Owner:DISNEY ENTERPRISES INC

Process of forming and modifying particles and compositions produced thereby

The present invention relates to processes for forming particles including drugs in a solution, changing the bulk or surface properties of a drug particle, and/or microencapsulation drug particles, and compositions produced thereby. In some embodiments, the process described utilized mechanical agitation, more specifically low-frequency sonication, under controlled conditions, which provides mild shear forces during forming and/or precipitation to control the particle growth and mixing properties. Particle size can range from less than about 200 nanometers to greater than about one millimeter, depending on the processing conditions and application. The process described can be used to form a drug particle suspension, dry a wet powder slurry or suspension, as well as to improve the surface properties of the particle through conditioning the structure of the particle or particle surface and/or annealing the particle or particle surface. Annealing or conditioning drug particles may be used to force an amorphous to crystalline transition, creating a more stable powder, or smooth a particle surface. In addition, the process can be used to microencapsulate particles by suspending the microparticles in a non-solvent including a coating material (such as a biodegradable polymer) under controlled process conditions. The powder compositions produced thereby possess improved properties including, but not limited to, improved flow and dispersibility, controlled bioadhesion, stability, resistance to moisture, dissolution/release profiles, and/or bioavailabilities. This process, and the compositions produced, provide significant advantages in the manufacture of pharmaceutical particulate formulations, as well as biomedical, diagnostic, and chromatography particulate compositions, where sensitive macromolecules, such as proteins or DNA, are involved that would be degraded using more rigorous processing conditions or temperatures.
Owner:NANOSHIFT LLC

Radiation curable ink containing fluorescent nanoparticles

ActiveUS8222313B2Suitable thermal degradation propertySolesBenzoxanthene dyesEmulsion polymerizationParticle growth
Radiation curable compositions, such as UV curable ink compositions, contain a polymeric dispersant, a curable material, that includes a carrier and at least one nanoscale fluorescent pigment particle and an optional non-fluorescent colorant. The fluorescent organic nanoparticle composition includes one or more fluorescent dyes dispersed in a polymeric matrix obtained by modified EA latex process or by emulsion polymerization. In a different embodiment, the nanoscale fluorescent pigment particle composition includes pigment molecules with at least one functional moiety, and a sterically bulky stabilizer compound including at least one functional group, the functional moiety of the pigment associates non-covalently with the functional group of the stabilizer, and the presence of the associated stabilizer limits the extent of particle growth and aggregation, to afford nanoscale-sized pigment particles.
Owner:XEROX CORP

Method for continuously fabricating silver nanowire

The invention discloses a method for continuously fabricating silver nanowires. The method mixes a glycol solution of a silver salt and a glycol solution of a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the mixed solution reacts in a temperature range and a time range to form the silver nanowires. The polyvinyl pyrrolidone has high boiling point and reduction ability so as to reduce the silver salt to the silver nanoparticles, and simultaneously, the polyvinyl pyrrolidone can provide barriers for limiting the particle growth. Besides, the oxygen functional groups on the long chains of the polyvinyl pyrrolidone can keep the stably one-dimensional growth of the silver nanoparticles to form the silver nanowires during the aging process.
Owner:CHUNG-SHAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE

Light-emitting nanocomposite particles

A method of making an inorganic light emitting layer includes combining a solvent for semiconductor nanoparticle growth, a solution of core / shell quantum dots, and semiconductor nanoparticle precursor(s); growing semiconductor nanoparticles to form a crude solution of core / shell quantum dots, semiconductor nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanoparticles that are connected to the core / shell quantum dots; forming a single colloidal dispersion of core / shell quantum dots, semiconductor nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanoparticles that are connected to the core / shell quantum dots; depositing the colloidal dispersion to form a film; and annealing the film to form the inorganic light emitting layer.
Owner:NANOCO TECH LTD

Nickel compound hydroxide and method for producing same, positive pole active substance for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell and method for producing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell

Provided is a lithium composite oxide having a uniform and suitable particle size and high specific surface area due to a hollow structure that can be produced on an industrial scale. A nickel composite hydroxide as a raw material thereof is obtained controlling the particle size distribution of the nickel composite hydroxide, the nickel composite hydroxide having a structure comprising a center section that comprises minute primary particles, and an outer-shell section that exists on the outside of the center section and comprises plate shaped primary particles that are larger than the primary particles of the center section, by a nucleation process and a particle growth process that are separated by controlling the pH during crystallization, and by controlling the reaction atmosphere in each process and the manganese content in a metal compound that is supplied in each process.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

Nickel composite hydroxide and process for producing same, positive active material for nonaqueous-electrolyte secondary battery and process for producing same, and nonaqueous-electrolyte secondary battery

To provide a positive active material which has a moderate particle diameter and has high evenness in particle diameter and a nickel composite hydroxide which is for use as a precursor for the positive active material. When a nickel composite hydroxide is obtained through a crystallization reaction, an aqueous solution for nucleation which contains both a metal compound at least containing nickel and an ammonium ion source is used to conduct nucleation after having been regulated so as to have a pH of 12.0-14.0 at a solution temperature of 25 degree centigrade, and thereafter the resultant aqueous solution, which is for particle growth and which contains formed nuclei, is regulated so as to have a pH that, at a solution temperature of 25 degree centigrade, is 10.5-12.0 and lower than in the nucleation step, thereby growing the particles. This particle growth is conducted in a non-oxidizing atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 1 vol.% or lower, over a period which ranges from initiation of the particle growth step and which accounts for more than 40% of the whole period of the particle growth step. Furthermore, the stirring power per unit volume in at least the nucleation step is regulated to 0.5-4 kW / m3.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

Three-dimensional particle structure reconstruction method based on rock-core two-dimensional particle image

The invention relates to a three-dimensional particle structure reconstruction method based on a rock-core two-dimensional particle image. Aiming at a three-dimensional modeling problem based on the rock-core two-dimensional image, the mineral particle information contained in the two-dimensional image is utilized to deduce three-dimensional particle structure information corresponding to a two-dimensional particle structure. Particularly, a rock-core particle microstructure reconstruction algorithm is proposed based on the combination of a simulated annealing algorithm and a particle growth algorithm, so that the reference images of the reconstructed three-dimensional particle structure and the two-dimensional particle structure have similar morphologic distribution, and the rock-core particle structure characteristics can be captured better; the three-dimensional distribution of mineral particles in the microstructure represents the spatial distribution of the mineral particles, and the influence of different mineral constituents on the structural performance of the three-dimensional particle structure is quantized based on the three-dimensional particle structure; the reconstructed three-dimensional microstructure provides a better explanation for the real rock-core microstructure; and the three-dimensional particle structure reconstruction method can be applicable for research on the electrical characteristics and seepage characteristics of the rock-core microstructure, and has practical values.
Owner:SICHUAN UNIV

Continuous, lawinar flow water-based particle condensation device and method

An apparatus and method for producing a diffusive, continuous laminar flow for particle growth via condensation of vapors with a mass diffusivity near or higher than the thermal diffusivity of the surrounding gas. In an exemplary embodiment, the method uses the condensation of water vapor onto particles suspended in air.
Owner:AEROSOL DYNAMICS INC

Removing solids in monoethylene glycol reclamation

The seeding of calcium carbonate into a calcium chloride-contaminated monoethylene glycol (MEG) stream accelerates the growth of calcium carbonate particles to a size that enhances their removal from the stream by filtration. A seeding vessel allows the calcium carbonate particles a time period to grow. Sodium carbonate may be added to the contaminated stream to facilitate calcium carbonate particle growth. A recycle seeding conduit may recycle seeds from a filtration unit to the seeding vessel. A base such as sodium hydroxide may be added to accelerate the precipitation process.
Owner:CAMERSON INT CORP

Nickel-manganese composite hydroxide particles, method for producing same, positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, method for producing positive electrode active material and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary dell

The subject of the invention provides nickel-manganese composite hydroxide particles having a small and uniform particle diameter and a hollow structure; and a method for producing the nickel-manganese composite hydroxide particles. When a nickel-manganese composite hydroxide is obtained by a crystallization reaction, an aqueous solution for nucleation, which contains a metal compound containing nickel, a metal compound containing manganese, and an ammonium ion donor, is controlled to have a pH value of 12.0-13.4 as measured at a reference liquid temperature of 25 DEG C and nucleation is carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere, and then an aqueous solution for particle growth, which contains the thus-formed nuclei, is controlled to have a pH value of 10.5-12.0 as measured at a reference liquid temperature of 25 DEG C and the nuclei are grown, while switching the atmosphere from the oxidizing atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of more than 1% by volume to a mixed atmosphere of an inert gas and oxygen with an oxygen concentration of 1% by volume or less.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

Computer device to calculate emission control device functionality

A system is described for improving engine and vehicle performance by considering the effects of exhaust conditions on catalyst particle growth. Specifically, engine operation is adjusted to reduce operating in such conditions, and a diagnostic routine is described for determining the effects of any operation that can cause such particle growth. Further, routines are described for controlling various vehicle conditions, such as deceleration fuel shut-off, to reduce effects of the particle growth on emission performance.
Owner:FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC

Computer device to control operation during catalyst desulfurization to preserve catalytic function

A system is described for improving engine and vehicle performance by considering the effects of exhaust conditions on catalyst particle growth. Specifically, engine operation is adjusted to reduce operating in such conditions, and a diagnostic routine is described for determining the effects of any operation that can cause such particle growth. Further, routines are described for controlling various vehicle conditions, such as deceleration fuel shut-off, to reduce effects of the particle growth on emission performance.
Owner:FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC

Gradient-doped high-nickel ternary positive electrode material and preparation method thereof

A physical structure of a gradient-doped high-nickel ternary positive electrode material comprises an inner core and a shell coating the outer surface of the inner core. A preparation method of the gradient-doped high-nickel ternary positive electrode material comprises the following steps: preparing a salt solution of nickel, cobalt and manganese, the salt solution being one of a sulfate solution, a nitrate solution and a chloride solution; adding the salt solution and a sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, pumping an ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle, and after theobtained particles of which the inner cores are the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursors grow to 85%-95% of the target particle size, adding a doping solution into the reaction kettle in a gradient manner; sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying, screening and iron removal on the obtained ternary precursor particles with the target particle size to obtain a ternary precursor;and mixing the ternary precursor with lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and carrying out sintering, dissociating and screening to obtain the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material doped with the concentration gradient. The purpose of gradient doping is achieved in a doping element gradient feeding mode, and the cycle performance of the material is optimized under the condition that the doping amount is as small as possible.
Owner:GEM CO LTD +1

Preparation method of mesoporous silica nanosphere having dendrimer-like open-framework structure

The invention discloses a preparation method of a mesoporous silica nanosphere having a dendrimer-like open-framework structure. In this method, the template is cetyl trimethyl p-toluene sulfonic acid ammonium salt, the alkaline source is small organic molecule amine, the silicon source is tetra alkyl silicate ester, and the regulating agent for particle growth is a room temperature short-chain ion liquid; the mole ratio of the silicone source: template: small organic molecule amine: room temperature or low-temperature short-chain ion liquid: water is 1:0.001-0.6:0.001-8.0:0.001-100:20-1000, and effective modulation can be achieved when the particle size is in a range of 150 to 800 nm. The mesoporous nanosphere synthesized by the method has a uniform size, a specific surface area of 1000 m<2> / g, a hole volume of 2.0 ml / g, and a hole size of 3 to 20 nm; and the nanosphere has a prominent diverging open-framework structure from the inside to the outside, namely the dendrimer-like open-framework structure. The preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation and low synthesis cost.
Owner:EAST CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY

Nickel composite hydroxide and method for producing the same, positive electrode active material and method for producing the same as well as nonaqueous electrolytic secondary cell

A nickel composite hydroxide represented by Ni1-x-y-zCoxMnyMz(OH)2+A (where 0≦x≦0.35, 0≦y≦0.35, 0≦z≦0.1, 0<x+y, 0<x+y+z≦0.7, 0≦A≦0.5, with M being at least one of V, Mg, Al, Ti, Mo, Nb, Zr and W), a plate-shaped crystal core is generated by allowing a crystal core generating aqueous solution containing cobalt and / or manganese to have a pH value of 7.5 to 11.1 at a standard liquid temperature of 25° C., and slurry for the particle growth containing the plate-shaped crystal core is adjusted to a pH value of 10.5 to 12.5 at a standard liquid temperature of 25° C., while a mixed aqueous solution containing a metal compound containing at least nickel is being supplied thereto, so that the crystal core is grown as particles.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

Transition metal composite hydroxide particles and production method thereof, cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery and production method thereof, and nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery

Provided is a cathode active material that can simultaneously improve the capacity characteristics, output characteristics, and cycling characteristics of a rechargeable battery when used as cathode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery. After performing nucleation by controlling an aqueous solution for nucleation that includes a metal compound that includes at least a transition metal and an ammonium ion donor so that the pH value becomes 12.0 to 14.0 (nucleation process), nuclei are caused to grow by controlling aqueous solution for particle growth that includes the nuclei so that the pH value is less than in the nucleation process and is 10.5 to 12.0 (particle growth process). When doing this, the reaction atmosphere in the nucleation process and at the beginning of the particle growth process is a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and in the particle growth process, atmosphere control by which the reaction atmosphere is switched from this non-oxidizing atmosphere to an oxidizing atmosphere, and is then switched again to a non-oxidizing atmosphere is performed at least one time. Cathode active material is obtained with the composite hydroxide particles that are obtained by this kind of crystallization reaction as a precursor.
Owner:SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD
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