4755 results about "Sol-gel" patented technology

The present invention provides a reliable, long-life phosphor, or the like, which is prevented from darkening due to aging. A light emitting apparatus has a light emitting element and a phosphor layer. The phosphor layer has a phosphor excited by light from the light emitting element, and a binder which binds the phosphor. The binder is hydroxide oxide gel obtained by curing sol of a hydroxide oxide mixed with sol containing at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Al, Y, Gd, Lu, Sc, Ga, In, and B. Transmittance of hydroxide oxide in a gel state is higher than the transmittance in the polycrystal state where the sol-gel reaction is proceeded. In addition, the content of hydroxyl group or water of crystallization in the hydroxide oxide is 10% or less by weight.

Positive electrode active materials are described that have a very high specific discharge capacity upon cycling at room temperature and at a moderate discharge rate. Some materials of interest have the formula Li_1+xNi_αMn_βCO_γO₂, where x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.25, α ranges from about 0.1 to about 0.4, β ranges from about 0.4 to about 0.65, and γ ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.3. The materials can be coated with a metal fluoride to improve the performance of the materials especially upon cycling. Also, the coated materials can exhibit a very significant decrease in the irreversible capacity lose upon the first charge and discharge of the cell. Methods for producing these materials include, for example, a co-precipitation approach involving metal hydroxides and sol-gel approaches.

Silver-containing, sol-gel derived bioactive glass compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof are disclosed. The compositions can be in the form of particles, fibers and/or coatings, among other possible forms, and can be used, for example, for treating wounds, improving the success of skin grafts, reducing the inflammatory response and providing anti-bacterial treatments to a patient in need thereof. Anti-bacterial properties can be imparted to implanted materials, such as prosthetic implants, sutures, stents, screws, plates, tubes, and the like, by incorporating the compositions into or onto the implanted materials. The compositions can also be used to prepare devices used for in vitro and ex vivo cell culture.

Zirconium phosphate particles are synthesized by providing a solution of zirconium oxychloride in an aqueous solvent, adding at least one low molecular weight, oxygen containing, monofunctional, organic additive to the solution, and combining this solution with heated phosphoric acid or a phosphoric acid salt to obtain zirconium phosphate particles by sol gel precipitation.

Implantable or insertable medical devices that have one or more composite regions. These composite regions include polymer and sol-gel derived ceramic. The polymer and sol-gel ceramic may form bi-continuous phases or separate polymeric and sol-gel derived ceramic phases.

A lightweight, high-strength proppant is disclosed, comprising the formation of finely dispersed ceramic precursors and sintering at low temperatures, causing the formation and retention of mesopores and micropores in pelletized ceramic. A method of manufacturing such a proppant is also disclosed, comprising the steps of manufacturing finely divided ceramic precursors and additives using grinding, milling, and preferably sol-gel processes, and dispersing the finely divided ceramic precursors and additives in a liquid, preferably water. The dispersion has a viscosity profile, which permits the shaping of spheres using conventional pelletizing techniques. Drying of the pellets and sintering at temperatures below 1,400.degrees. C. forms and retains mesopores and micropores in the ceramic. Preferred total pore volumes range from 0.05 to 0.7 cm.sup.3/g. The pelletized and porous ceramic is useful as lightweight and high-strength proppants.

The invention relates to a catalyst for selective hydrogenation reaction of an aromatic nitrocompound and a preparation method of the catalyst. The catalyst consists of a catalyst carrier and active metal coated with carbon, wherein the catalyst carrier includes a carbon-base carrier, SiO2, TiO2 or Al2O3; the active metal is selected from Co, Fe, Ni or Cu and other poor and noble metals. The catalyst is prepared by adopting a Pechini type sol-gel process which comprises the steps of dispersing an active metal precursor to water containing a coordination compound, adding a polyhydric alcohol solution and a macromolecule auxiliary, then adding the carrier, stirring for dispersion, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, separating out solid on the lower layer, and calcining in the inert atmosphere to obtain the catalyst in which carbon coats the active metal. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst can realize the hydrogenation reaction of a substituted aromatic nitrocompound in the mild condition; substrate conversion rate and production selectivity are high; the catalyst has recyclable economy and good application prospect.

Compounds, and oligomers of the compounds, are synthesized with cyclic amine ligands attached to a metal atom. These compounds are useful for the synthesis of materials containing metals. Examples include pure metals, metal alloys, metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal phosphides, metal sulfides, metal selenides, metal tellurides, metal borides, metal carbides, metal silicides and metal germanides. Techniques for materials synthesis include vapor deposition (chemical vapor deposition and atomic layer deposition), liquid solution methods (sol-gel and precipitation) and solid-state pyrolysis. Suitable applications include electrical interconnects in microelectronics and magnetoresistant layers in magnetic information storage devices. The films have very uniform thickness and high step coverage in narrow holes.

A bonded abrasive tool comprises a blend of abrasive grains and a bond component. The blend of abrasive grains comprises a filamentary sol-gel alumina abrasive grain and agglomerated abrasive grain granules. A bonded abrasive tool comprising an agglomerate of filamentary sol-gel alumina abrasive and non-filamentary abrasive grains, and a bond component is also disclosed. The filamentary sol-gel alumina abrasive grain has a length-to-cross-sectional-width aspect ratio of greater than 1.0. The agglomerated abrasive grain granules comprise a plurality of abrasive grains held in a three-dimensional shape by a binding material. A method of making such a bonded abrasive tool as described above is also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a polymer nano-composite of the functional inorganic nano-particle with intermingle prepared by electrospinning method, and the use of the composite. The precursory sol of the functional inorganic nano-particle is prepared by the sol-gel method, and is mixed with the polymer solution to form spinning fluid, adding precursor of dopant if necessary, and then the mixed spinning fluid is sprayed on to the electric collecting board with the action of the electric field force by electrospinning method to obtain functional polymer nano-composite with intermingle. The equipment of the invention is simple, the operation is easy, the components, structure and characteristics of the composite is easy to control, the structure is stable, the inorganic nano-particle is dispersed uniformly. According to the difference of the functionality of the inorganic nano-particles, the composite can be used in conducting material, antistatic material, magnetic material, electrochromic material, photocatalysis and ecology environment material, antibiosis material and biomaterial.

A method for electrospinning nanofibers having a core-sheath, tubular, or composite structure is disclosed. The process uses a spinneret having first and second capillaries that channel first and second fluids in the spinneret, the second capillary surrounding the first. A high voltage is applied between the spinneret and a spaced conductive collector. In one embodiment, the first fluid is a mineral oil and the second fluid is a polymeric solution that may include a polymer, a catalyst, a solvent, and a sol-gel precursor. The as-spun nanofiber includes an oil core and a composite sheath. The oil may be removed to produce a composite tubular fiber or the polymer and oil may be removed by calcination to produce a ceramic tubular fiber. In other embodiments, miscible fluids are used to produce porous nanofibers, selected additives functionalize the surfaces of the nanofibers and/or conjugated polymers are used.

The invention discloses a process for preparing a high efficiency nanometer Tio2 visible light catalyst codoped with metal and non metallic ion, belonging to the photocatalysis technology field. The invention adopts titanic acid ester as precursor, uses metal salt and non-metallic compound as dopant, in accordance with sol-gel method, prepares the nanometer TiO2-based photocatalyst with codoping, high efficiency and visible light catalytic activity, wherein the catalytic activity is greatly higher than that of single-doped TiO2-based catalyst. The invention is characterized by the following: 1. due to codoping of the metal and non metallic ion, discrete localized doping level is formed respectively on the lower part of the conduction band energy level and the upper part of the valence band energy level of the TiO2-based catalyst, thus increasing the absorption of visible light and greatly improving the catalytic activity; 2. the doping level can inhibit the recombination of photogenerated carrier, promote the probability of the photogenerated carrier entering into the photocatalytic reaction and efficiently degrade pollutant molecules.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing silica microcapsules and more particularly, to a process for preparing silica microcapsules comprising the steps of dissolving tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) into an aqueous solution containing a hydrolysis catalyst to control a degree of hydrolysis and contribute hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, adding a core material and an appropriate amount of aminopropyltrialkoxysilane(APS) as a gelling agent into the solution, and emulsifying and dispersing the resulting solution to a solution having a polarity opposite to that of the core material to microcapsulate by coating the core material with silica shell via a sol-gel reaction. The process for preparing microcapsules of the present invention reduces environmental pollution compared to conventional processes using an alkali gelling agent such as an ammonia solution, and are suitable for both organic or inorganic core materials having hydrophilic or lipophilic property.

A layered heater is provided that comprises a dielectric layer formed by a first layered process, a resistive layer formed on the dielectric layer, the resistive layer formed by a second layered process, and a protective layer formed on the resistive layer, wherein the protective layer is formed by one of the first or second layered processes or yet another layered process. The first layered process is different than the second layered process in order to take advantage of the unique processing benefits of each of the first and second layered processes for a synergistic result. The layered processes include, by way of example, thick film, thin film, thermal spraying, and sol-gel. Additional functional layers are also provided by the present invention, along with methods of forming each of the individual layers.

This invention provides bioreactors having a selectively permeable porous material with an open pore structure, useful for producing products including hydrogen gas, biomass, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The porous materials are utilized, for example, as one or more portions of or entire walls, covers, floors, filters, windows, or tubes of the bioreactors. This invention provides bioreactors comprising porous materials that are aerogels, xerogels, or sol-gel glasses, including silica aerogels. The selectively permeable porous materials are gas-permeable, and in addition optionally photopermeable, transparent, hydrophobic, and/or capable of functioning as sterile barriers. This invention provides methods for culturing cells and organisms employing the bioreactors of the invention. This invention further provides methods for producing gaseous products, including hydrogen, biomass, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals employing the bioreactors of the invention.

This invention relates to a novel method of decreasing porosity of ceramics produced by sol-gel processing. The process of preparing chemically bonded sol-gel ceramics comprises phosphating a sol-gel derived oxide or hydrated oxide and polymerizing the phosphated product with heat treatment. Such combined sol-gel/chemical bonding process can be used to fabricate dense, thick ceramics or ceramic coatings for a variety of applications, including high temperature corrosion protection, wear resistance, dielectric properties, non-sticky surfaces, bio-active ceramics, thermal barrier ceramics, non-wetted surfaces, and others.

The invention encompasses compositions containing sol-gel microcapsules that are highly positively charged. The sol-gel capsules generally contain additives. The invention also encompasses methods for producing highly charged microcapsules using cationic additives which can include cationic polymers. The methods allow for the encapsulation of polar or non-polar active ingredients.

The invention provides a method for preparing a titanium dioxide nano belt, belonging to the nano material technical field. The prior methods for preparing the titanium dioxide nano belt comprise the hydro-thermal method and the combination method of the sol-gel method and the hydro-thermal method. The prior electrostatic spinning method is applied to the preparation of nano fibers. The invention comprises three steps that: 1. a spinning solution is prepared; the mixture of polymethylmethacrylate and vinylpyrrolidone is used as a macromolecule template, and the mixture of chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide is used as a solvent; 2. a titanium alkoxide/ macromolecule template compound nano belt is prepared; the electrostatic spinning method is used, and the technical parameters are as follows: the voltage is between 15 and 25kV and the curing distance is between 15 and 30cm; 3. a TiO2 nano belt is prepared; the heat treatment method is used, and the technical parameters are as follows: the rate of temperature rise is between 0.5 and 2 DEG C/min and the heat preservation time at the temperature of between 500 and 900 DEG C is between 10 and 15h; for the TiO2 nano belt prepared, the width is between 5 and 15mu m, the thickness is between 30 and 60nm and the length is more than 200mu m; the TiO2 nano belt comprises a pure phase anatase type TiO2 nano belt and a pure phase rutile type TiO2 nano belt.

A photocatalyst nanocomposite which can be used to destroying biological agents includes a carbon nanotube core, and a photocatalyst coating layer covalently or ionically bound to a surface of the nanotube core. The coating layer has a nanoscale thickness. A method of forming photocatalytic nanocomposites includes the steps of providing a plurality of dispersed carbon nanotubes, chemically oxidizing the nanotubes under conditions to produce surface functionalized nanotubes to provide C and O including groups thereon which form ionic or covalent bonds to metal oxides, and processing a metal oxide photocatalyst sol-gel precursor in the presence of the nanotubes, wherein a nanoscale metal oxide photocatalyst layer becomes covalently or ionically bound to the nanotubes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nanoporous material, namely carbon aerogel, and particularly relates to graphene oxide-crosslinked polyimide-based carbon aerogel and a preparation method thereof. The invention carbon aerogel is prepared by crosslinking polyamide acid aerogel by graphene oxide, and comprises the components of graphene oxide and one or more water-soluble polyimide precursor-polyamide acids. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing an aqueous graphene oxide solution with the water-soluble polyimide precursor-polyamide acid, and preparing graphene oxide/polyamide acid aerogel through sol-gel and freeze-drying processes; preparing the graphene/polyimide-based carbon aerogel through thermal imidization and high temperature carbonization. According to the preparation method, a toxic reagent formaldehyde is not used; the prepared carbon aerogel has a mesoporous, microporous and macroporous three-level three-dimensional network porous structure, high specific surface area, high conductivity and stable physical and chemical properties, and is an ideal electrode material for preparing a supercapacitor and other new energy devices and a high-performance adsorbent material.

PCT No. PCT/US96/04137 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 31, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 31, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 27, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/32226 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 17, 1996Sol-gel alumina that is dried but unfired can be explosively comminuted by feeding the dried gel into a furnace held at temperatures above those at which vaporizable materials are eliminated from the particles of gel. At suitably elevated temperatures the firing is sufficient to form fully densified alpha alumina particles of a size suitable for direct use as abrasive grits.

The invention discloses a super-hydrophilic and underwater-super-oleophobic oil-water separation mesh membrane, and a preparation method and an application thereof. According to the method, fabric mesh with a specification of 100-300 meshes is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, and is air-dried under normal temperature; a hydrophilic polymer water-sensitive agent and a cross-linking agent are dissolved in water according to a ratio of 1:9-9:1; the mixture is well mixed by magnetic stirring, such that a solution with a concentration of 1-99% is prepared; nano-sol is prepared with a sol-gel method; the solution and the nano-sol are prepared into a mixed solution with a concentration of 1-99%, and the solution is well dispersed through ultrasonic dispersion; the mesh is soaked in the mixed solution and is vertically lifted, or the mesh is directly sprayed by using a high-pressure spraying gun; and the mesh is bake-dried, such that the super-hydrophilic and underwater-super-oleophobic oil-water separation mesh membrane is obtained. Contact angles of the super-hydrophilic and underwater-super-oleophobic oil-water separation mesh membrane with water and oil in air are both 0 DEG, and the membrane is super-hydrophilic. Under water, the contact angle of the membrane with oil drops is larger than 150 DEG, and the membrane has an oil drop low adhesion characteristic. The mesh membrane provided by the invention can be used in oil-water mixture separation and oil-containing sewage processing.

This invention relates to novel calcium phosphate-coated implantable medical devices and processes of making same. The calcium-phosphate coatings are designed to minimize the immune response to the implant (e.g. restenosis in stenting procedures) and can be used to store and release a medicinally active agent in a controlled manner. Such coatings can be applied to any implantable medical devices and are useful for a number of medical procedures including (but not limited to) balloon angioplasty in cardiovascular stenting, ureteral stenting and catheterisation. The calcium phosphate coatings can be applied to a substrate as one or more coatings by a sol-gel deposition process, an aerosol-gel deposition process, a biomimetic deposition process, a calcium phosphate cement deposition process, an electro-phoretic deposition process or an electrochemical deposition process. The coating can contain and elude a drug in an engineered manner.

The embodiments of the invention are directed to coatings and their uses. More particularly, the embodiments of the invention are directed to coating compositions that include silane-based precursors that are used to form coatings through a sol-gel process. The coatings so formed are characterized by anti-reflective, abrasion resistant, and anti-soiling properties. The coatings also have extended weatherability to heat, humidity, and protection against ambient corrosives. The coatings formed from the compositions described herein have wide application, including, for example, use as coatings on the outer glass of solar cells.

The invention discloses a porous titanium dioxide/graphene composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: adding aniline and graphene into a surfactant-containing protonic acid solution according to a certain ratio; preparing a nanometer polyaniline/graphene composite material through an in-situ polymerization method; preparing titanium dioxide sol by using a sol-gel method; adding 0.05-0.20g of nanometer polyaniline/graphene composite material into 50mL of sol, uniformly mixing; standing and aging the sol for 3-5 days; drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 60-120 DEG C; milling; calcining the obtained composite for 30 minutes -2 hours at the temperature of 200-550 DEG C; and removing the polyaniline, thereby obtaining the porous titanium dioxide/graphene composite material. According to the invention, the porous titanium dioxide/graphene is prepared by utilizing the nanometer polyaniline and the titanium dioxide is deposited on the graphene, so that the contact area of the titanium dioxide and pollutants is increased, the separating efficiency of photo-generated electrons and holes is improved and the photocatalytic efficiency is improved.

Implantable medical devices employing a sol-gel composition coatings that functions as a bioactive material reservoir, and the use of sol-gel composition coatings for improved adhesion of organic and inorganic substrates are disclosed.

The invention encompasses additives for addition to a composition for topical application, e.g., a bodywash, where the additive contains an encapsulated non-sunscreen, and methods of making and using the additives as well as topical compositions containing the additives. The additive may be encapsulated in a sol-gel microcapsule, and, in some cases, also includes a cationic polymer.

Disclosed are porous ceramic balls with a hierarchical porous structure ranging in size from nanometers to micrometers, and preparation methods thereof. Self-assembly polymers and sol-gel reactions are used to prepare porous ceramic balls in which pores ranging in size from ones of nanometers to tens of micrometers are hierarchically interconnected to one another. This hierarchical porous structure ensures high specific surface areas and porosities for the porous ceramic balls. Further, the size and distribution of the pores can be simply controlled with hydrophobic solvent and reaction time. The pore formation through polymer self-assembly and sol-gel reactions can be applied to ceramic and transition metals. Porous structures based on bioceramic materials, such as bioactive glass, allow the formation of apatite therein and thus can be used as biomaterials of bioengineering, including bone fillers, bone reconstruction materials, bone scaffolds, etc.

Ultraporous sol gel monoliths and methods for preparing the same are provided, having superior flow characteristics for chromatography and analytical chemistry applications. The methods for forming an ultra porous sol-gel monolith include (a) forming a solution comprising a porogen, a matrix dissolving catalyst and a sol gel precursor; (b) allowing the solution to form a gel; and (c) drying the gel at an elevated temperature. The ultraporous sol gel monoliths are characterized by a porosity of up to about 97%, a BET surface area of at least about 50 m²/g and substantially no micropores.

A protective barrier coating system including a diffusion barrier coating and an oxidation barrier coating and method for use in protecting silicon-based ceramic turbine engine components. A complete barrier coating system includes a thermal barrier coating of stabilized zirconia and an environmental barrier coating of an alloyed tantalum oxide. The oxidation barrier coating includes a layer of metallic silicates formed on a substrate of silicon nitride or silicon carbide to be protected. The oxidation barrier coating can include silicates of scandium, ytterbia or yttrium. The oxidation barrier coating may also include an inner layer of Si₂ON₂ between the diffusion barrier and the metallic silicate layer. The oxidation barrier coating can be applied to the substrate by spraying, slurry dipping and sintering, by a sol-gel process followed by sintering, by plasma spray, or by electron beam-physical vapor deposition. The diffusion layer of essentially pure Si₃N₄ can be applied to the substrate to prevent the migration of damaging cations from the protective layers to the substrate and is preferably formed by chemical vapor deposition. A method for protecting silicon based substrates can comprise a step of forming an oxidation barrier coating on a substrate, where a step of forming the oxidation barrier includes a step of sintering the oxidation barrier and substrate in a wet gas containing hydrogen.