2916 results about "Ammonium hydroxide" patented technology

A method for processing a semiconductor fin structure is disclosed. The method includes thermal annealing a fin structure in an ambient containing an isotope of hydrogen. Following the thermal annealing step, the fin structure is etched in a crystal-orientation dependent, self-limiting, manner. The crystal-orientation dependent etch may be selected to be an aqueous solution containing ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH). The completed fin structure has smooth sidewalls and a uniform thickness profile. The fin structure sidewalls are {110} planes.

A method for processing substrate to form a semiconductor device is disclosed. The substrate includes an etch stop layer disposed above a metal layer. The method includes etching through the etch stop layer down to the copper metal layer, using a plasma etch process that utilizes a chlorine-containing etchant source gas, thereby forming etch stop layer openings in the etch stop layer. The etch stop layer includes at least one of a SiN and SiC material. Thereafter, the method includes performing a wet treatment on the substrate using a solution that contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH) or acetic acid/ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) to remove at least some of the copper oxides. Alternatively, the copper oxides may be removed using a H₂ plasma. BTA passivation may be optionally performed on the substrate.

A manufacturing process for a semiconductor integrated circuit device which prevents occurrence of reaction between metal wiring and a boron-doped silicon plug over it in heat treatment for a MOS transistor to be formed over them and reduces the possibility of rise in contact resistance. Metal boride is formed on an exposed metal surface in the bottom of an opening made in an interlayer insulating film over the metal wiring. In order to facilitate formation of such metal boride, metal oxide remaining on the metal surface is removed with an aqueous ammonia solution. The meal surface is irradiated with high energy ultraviolet light in order to remove organic matter remaining in the opening and facilitate removal of the metal oxide with the aqueous ammonia solution.

The invention provides a comprehensive recovering method of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries, which has simple and reasonable process, low recovering cost and high added value. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing an organic solvent to dissolve an adhesive on battery cell fragments, and realizing the separation of lithium iron phosphate material and clean aluminum and copper foils through screening, wherein the aluminum and copper foils are recovered by smelting; utilizing a NaOH solution to remove residual aluminum foil scraps in the lithium iron phosphate material, and removing graphite and remaining adhesive by heat treatment; after dissolving the lithium iron phosphate with acid, utilizing sodium sulphide to remove copper ions, and utilizing the NaOH solution or ammonia solution to allow iron, lithium and phosphorus ions in the solution to generate sediments; adding iron source, lithium source or phosphorus source compounds to adjust the molar ratio of iron, lithium and phosphorus; and finally adding a carbon source, and obtaining a lithium iron phosphate cathode material through ball milling and calcination in inert atmosphere. After the treatment of the steps, the recovery rate of valuable metals in the batteries is more than 95%, and the comprehensive recovery rate of the lithium iron phosphate cathode material is more than 90%.

A new method for the removal of environmental compounds from gaseous streams, in particular, flue gas streams. The new method involves first oxidizing some or all of the acid anhydrides contained in the gas stream such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) to sulfur trioxide (SO₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). The gas stream is subsequently treated with aqua ammonia or ammonium hydroxide which captures the compounds via chemical absorption through acid-base or neutralization reactions. The products of the reactions can be collected as slurries, dewatered, and dried for use as fertilizers, or once the slurries have been dewatered, used directly as fertilizers. The ammonium hydroxide can be regenerated and recycled for use via thermal decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate, one of the products formed. There are alternative embodiments which entail stoichiometric scrubbing of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides with subsequent separate scrubbing of carbon dioxide.

A composition for removal of chemical residues from metal or dielectric surfaces or for chemical mechanical polishing of a copper or aluminum surface is an aqueous solution with a pH between about 3.5 and about 7. The composition contains a monofunctional, difunctional or trifunctional organic acid and a buffering amount of a quaternary amine, ammonium hydroxide, hydroxylamine, hydroxylamine salt, hydrazine or hydrazine salt base. A method in accordance with the invention for removal of chemical residues from a metal or dielectric surface comprises contacting the metal or dielectric surface with the above composition for a time sufficient to remove the chemical residues. A method in accordance with the invention for chemical mechanical polishing of a copper or aluminum surface comprises applying the above composition to the copper or aluminum surface, and polishing the surface in the presence of the composition.

Contaminants are removed from a semiconductor wafer by the in-situ generation of oxidizing species. These active species are generated by the simultaneous application of ultra-violet radiation and chemicals containing oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and dissolved ozone. Ultrasonic or megasonic agitation is employed to facilitate removal. Radicals are generated in-situ, thus generating them close to the semiconductor substrate. The process chamber has a means of introducing both gaseous and liquid reagents, through a gas inlet, and a liquid inlet. O₂, O₃, and H₂O vapor gases are introduced through the gas inlet. H₂O and H₂O₂ liquids are introduced through the liquid inlet. Other liquids such as ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH), hydrochloric acid (HCI), hydrofluoric acid (HF), and the like, may be introduced to further constitute those elements of the traditional RCA clean. The chemicals are premixed in a desired ration and to a predetermined level of dilution prior to being introduced into the chamber. The chamber is equipped with megasonic or ultrasonic transducer probe(s), placed in close proximity to the substrate as the substrate rotates with the rotating platen.

A stripping composition and a method of using the stripping composition to remove cured resins such as elastomeric silicone adhesive deposits from ceramic and metal surfaces of electronic modules to provide reworkability options in assembly processes including diagnostic parts, parts replacement and recovery of substrates from test vehicles is provided. The stripping compositions comprise a base preferably an organic base such as a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, a surfactant and a high boiling environmentally and chemically safe solvent such as di- or tri-propylene glycol alkyl ether. In another stripping composition, the base is used in combination with a mixture of N-alkyl pyrrolidone components, preferably an N-alkyl pyrrolidone and a N-cycloalkyl pyrrolidone. The stripping compositions are used to contact an electronic module having a cured resin such as a silicone adhesive residue deposit on the module surface to dissolve, remove or strip the deposit.

A stripping liquid for a semiconductor device is provided that includes an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, an oxidizing agent, an alkanolamine, and an alkali metal hydroxide. There is also provided a stripping method that includes a stripping liquid preparation step of preparing the stripping liquid and a stripping step of removing at least one deposit selected from the group consisting of a photoresist, an anti-reflection film, and an etching residue by means of the stripping liquid obtained in the stripping liquid preparation step.

A method and apparatus for electrolytically producing oxidation reduction potential water from aqueous salt solutions for use in disinfection, sterilization, decontamination, wound cleansing. The apparatus includes an electrolysis unit having a three-compartment cell (22) comprising a cathode chamber (18), an anode chamber (16), and a saline solution chamber (20) interposed between the anode and cathod chambers. Two communicating (24, 26) membranes separate the three chambers. The center chamber includes a fluid flow inlet (21a) and outlet (21b) and contains insulative material that ensures direct voltage potential does not travel through the chamber. A supply of water flows through the cathode and anode chambers at the respective sides of the saline chamber. Saline solution flows through the center chamber, either by circulating a pre-prepared aqueous solution containing ionic species, or, alternatively, by circulating pure water or an aqueous solution of, e.g., aqueous hydrogen chloride and ammonium hydroxide, over particulate insulative material coated with a solid electrolyte. Electrical current is provided to the communicating membranes separating the chambers, thus causing an electrolytic reaction that produces both oxidative (positive) and reductive (negative) ORP water.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing silica microcapsules and more particularly, to a process for preparing silica microcapsules comprising the steps of dissolving tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) into an aqueous solution containing a hydrolysis catalyst to control a degree of hydrolysis and contribute hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, adding a core material and an appropriate amount of aminopropyltrialkoxysilane(APS) as a gelling agent into the solution, and emulsifying and dispersing the resulting solution to a solution having a polarity opposite to that of the core material to microcapsulate by coating the core material with silica shell via a sol-gel reaction. The process for preparing microcapsules of the present invention reduces environmental pollution compared to conventional processes using an alkali gelling agent such as an ammonia solution, and are suitable for both organic or inorganic core materials having hydrophilic or lipophilic property.

Disclosed is a method for stripping a photoresist comprising: (I) providing a photoresist pattern on a substrate where the substrate has at least a copper (Cu) wiring and a low-dielectric layer thereon, and selectively etching the low-dielectric layer by using the photoresist pattern as a mask; (II) contacting the substrate after the step (I), with ozone water and/or aqueous hydrogen peroxide; and (III) contacting the substrate after the step (II), with a photoresist stripping solution that contains at least a quaternary ammonium hydroxide. The present invention provides a method for stripping a photoresist that enables to strip effectively photoresist films and etching residues after etching step even in a process not including an O₂ plasma ashing treatment in micropatterning of a substrate having at least Cu wiring and a low-dielectric layer thereon, as in a dual damascene forming process, and, in addition, the method of the invention does not have any negative influence on the dielectric constant of the low-dielectric layer, and ensures an excellent anti-corrosivity.

Compositions useful in semiconductor manufacturing for surface preparation and/or cleaning of wafer substrates such as semiconductor device precursor structures. The compositions can be employed for processing of wafers that have, or are intended to be further processed to include, copper metallization, e.g., in operations such as surface preparation, pre-plating cleaning, post-etching cleaning, and post-chemical mechanical polishing cleaning of semiconductor wafers. The compositions contain (i) alkanolamine, (ii) quaternary ammonium hydroxide and (iii) a complexing agent, and are storage-stable, as well as non-darkening and degradation-resistant in exposure to oxygen.

The invention includes methods in which silicon is removed from titanium-containing container structures with an etching composition having a phosphorus-and-oxygen-containing compound therein. The etching composition can, for example, include one or both of ammonium hydroxide and tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide. The invention also includes methods in which titanium-containing whiskers are removed from between titanium-containing capacitor electrodes. Such removal can be, for example, accomplished with an etch utilizing one or more of hydrofluoric acid, ammonium fluoride, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide.

A method of forming a minute resist pattern wherein a positive-working photoresist composition containing 3 to 15 parts by weight of a quinone diazide group-containing photosensitizer relative to 100 parts by weight of alkali-soluble novolak resin is developed by an aqueous organic or inorganic alkali solution having a lower alkali concentration than that of the conventional one as the developer. The preferable example of the organic alkali materials in the developer is quaternary ammonium hydroxide, and the preferable example of the inorganic alkali materials in the developer is alkali metal hydroxide. The concentrations of the quaternary ammonium hydroxide and the alkali metal hydroxide in the developing solution are 2.2% by weight or less and 0.4% by weight or less respectively. Using such developing solution, high sensitivity, a high film retention rate, high resolution, low process dependency of dimension accuracy, and a formation of excellent pattern profile can be achieved.

The present invention is a method of use of a novel cleaning solution in a single wafer cleaning process. According to the present invention the method involves using a cleaning solution in a single wafer mode and the cleaning solution comprises at least ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), water (H₂O) and a chelating agent. In an embodiment of the present invention the cleaning solution also contains a surfactant. Moreover, the present invention also teaches a method of combining an ammonia hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and chelating agent step with a short HF step in a fashion that minimizes process time in a way that the entire method removes aluminum and iron contamination efficiently without etching too much oxide. The single wafer cleaning processes may also be used to increase the yield of high-grade reclaimed wafers.

A system for abating undesired component(s) from a gas stream containing same, such as halocompounds, acid gases, silanes, ammonia, etc., by scrubbing of the effluent gas stream with an aqueous scrubbing medium. Halocompounds, such as fluorine, fluorides, perfluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, may be scrubbed in the presence of a reducing agent, e.g., sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide, or potassium iodide. In one embodiment, the scrubbing system includes a first acid gas scrubbing unit operated in cocurrent gas/liquid flow, and a second "polishing" unit operated in countercurrent gas/liquid flow, to achieve high removal efficiency with low consumption of water. The scrubbing system may utilize removable insert beds of packing material, packaged in a foraminous containment structure. The abatement system of the invention has particular utility in the treatment of semiconductor manufacturing process effluents.

A process for the treatment of biomass to render structural carbohydrates more accessible and/or digestible using concentrated ammonium hydroxide with or without anhydrous ammonia addition, is described. The process preferably uses steam to strip ammonia from the biomass for recycling. The process yields of monosaccharides from the structural carbohydrates are good, particularly as measured by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the structural carbohydrates. The monosaccharides are used as animal feeds and energy sources for ethanol production.

The present invention is a novel cleaning method and a solution for use in a single wafer cleaning process. According to the present invention the cleaning solution comprises ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), water (H2O) and a chelating agent. In an embodiment of the present invention the cleaning solution also contains a surfactant. And still yet another embodiment of the present invention the cleaning solution also comprises a dissolved gas such as H2. In a particular embodiment of the present invention, this solution is used by spraying or dispensing it on a spinning wafer.

Methods of forming field effect transistors include forming an insulated gate electrode on a non-SiGe semiconductor substrate and then selectively etching the semiconductor substrate to define source and drain region trenches on opposite sides of the insulated gate electrode. A step is performed to remove native oxide layers from sidewalls of the source and drain region trenches. The removal of the native oxide is followed by recessing the sidewalls of the source and drain region trenches by selectively wet etching the sidewalls of the source and drain region trenches. This step of wet etching the sidewalls of the source and drain region trenches may include exposing the sidewalls to a cleaning solution including ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH). A step is then performed to epitaxially grow SiGe source and drain regions in the source and drain region trenches. This step of epitaxially growing SiGe source and drain regions may include epitaxially growing in-situ doped SiGe source and drain regions of first conductivity type in the source and drain region trenches.

The invention relates to a rare-earth doping modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material and a preparation method of the rare-earth doping modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material. The chemical general formula of the material is as follows: LiNiaCo<1-a-b>MnbRxO2/M, wherein a is more than 0 and less than 1, b is more than 0 and less than 1, (1-a-b) is more than 0 and less than 1, x is more than 0.005 and less than 0.1, R is one or more of rare-earth lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and samarium, and M is a composite cladding layer of oxide of aluminum, titanium or magnesium and carbon. The soluble metal nickel salt, cobalt salt, manganese salt and rare-earth compound are mixed to prepare a mixed salt solution, the mixed salt solution is reacted with a mixed alkaline solution prepared by mixing NaOH and ammonium hydroxide, after the reaction solution is filtered, washed and dried, the obtained product is uniformly mixed with lithium salt powder to be ball milled, then the mixture is calcined at the high temperature and coated with the composite cladding layer of the aluminum, titanium or magnesium oxide and carbon, and finally the calcined mixture is calcined at a constant temperature to obtain the rare-earth doping modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material. After doping the rare earth, the metal oxide and carbon composite cladding layer, which are cheap and easy to obtain, are adopted, so that the cycling performance and the rate performance can be improved, and the charging-discharging efficiency of the material also can be improved.

Wet-chemical methods involving the use of water-soluble hydrolytically stable metal-ion chelate precursors and the use of a nonmetal-ion-containing strong base can be used in a coprecipitation procedure for the preparation of ceramic powders. Examples of the precipitants used include tetraalkylammonium hydroxides. A composition-modified barium titanate is one of the ceramic powders that can be produced. Certain metal-ion chelates can be prepared from 2-hydroxypropanoic acid and ammonium hydroxide.

The invention discloses high-strength high-thermal-insulation silica aerogel and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: modifying halloysite with amino-terminated polysiloxane; adding ethyl orthosilicate, absolute ethyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid, dimethyl formamide and ammonium hydroxide to ensure a reaction and obtain gel; finally, carrying out carbon dioxide supercritical extraction to obtain the silica aerogel. As hollow natural clay fiber halloysite which is high in mechanical strength, low in thermal conductivity and high in thermal stability is taken as a reinforcing phase, the silica aerogel prepared according to the preparation method is relatively high in porosity, relatively low in density, excellent in mechanical property, favorable in heat-insulating property and relatively high in heat resistance.

The present invention provides a novel visible catalyst-silver phosphate and a preparation method thereof, solving the problems of wide TiO2 forbidden band, no absorbability of visible weakness, and the like in the prior art and applying Ag3PO4 to the field of photocatalysis for the first time. In the invention, a silver ammonia solution for replacing a silver nitrate solution is used as a silversource, the reaction of silver ions and phosphate ions is slowed, and then the catalyst is obtained and has the effect of high-efficiency photocatalytic degradation. The preparing method of the invention is simple and is favorable to extensive popularization.

The invention relates to a preparation method for high-conductivity graphene and silver nanoparticle composite materials. The method comprises the steps that graphene oxide is prepared at first; a graphene oxide water solution is prepared; silver nitrate is added into the obtained graphene oxide water solution, the temperature is risen to be 90+/-10 DEG C, sodium citrate is added in the solution, and stirring and reaction are conducted; ammonium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate are added into the obtained solution, and stirring and reaction are conducted at the temperature of 90+/-10 DEG C; deionized water and ethyl alcohol are adopted to clean the reaction product, vacuum freeze drying is conducted on the cleaned reaction product, and then the conductive graphene and silver nanoparticle composite materials are obtained. The conductivity of the composite materials is 3.71-18.32S/cm, the graphene and silver nanoparticle composite materials prepared based on the method can greatly improve the conductivity of graphene, and can be further applied in the field of printed electronics.

The invention relates to a method for preparing vanadic anhydride. It comprises following steps: employing ammonium vanadate, vanadic anhydride of technical grade or waste catalyst discharged in sulfuric acid preparation process; treating with ammonium hydroxide, sulfuric acid and ammonium chloride, washing with water; getting fine active vanadic anhydride; removing foreign matter with ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, sodium silicate, sulfuric acid and ammonium chloride; washing with water again; drying; calcing at 670 Deg. C and getting high-purity vanadic anhydride. The invention is characterized in that it makes use of current material to prepare chemical materials urgently needed by industrial production, and saves a large amount of foreigh exchange.

The invention relates to a modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material and a preparation method of the modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material. The chemical generation formula of the material is as follows: LiNiaCo<1-a-b>MnbBxO2/TiO2, wherein a is more than 0 and less than 1, b is more than 0 and less than 1, (1-a-b) is more than 0 and less than 1, x is more than 0.005 and less than 0.1, and the TiO2 is a cladding layer. The soluble nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt are prepared into a mixed salt solution, the mixed salt solution is reacted with a mixed alkaline solution prepared by mixing the NaOH and ammonium hydroxide, after being filtered, washed and dried, the reaction product is mixed with a boronic compound and roasted for 4h to 12h at the temperature of 300 to 800 DEG C under an air atmosphere, then the roasted product is ball milled with the lithium salt to be uniformly mixed together, the mixture is coated with titanium dioxide after being calcined at the high temperature to obtain the modified lithium ion battery ternary positive electrode material. The prepared boron doping modified ternary positive electrode material is high in specific capacity and good in cycling performance.

An acidic aqueous slurry composition comprising silica abrasive particles, an oxidizer, a quaternary ammonium hydroxide; and acid having a maximum pKa of about 2.5; and water is provided along with its use for polishing.

PCT No. PCT/GB96/00488 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 22, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 22, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 1, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/26902 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 6, 1996A method for producing precipitated calcium carbonate by reacting an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] with an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate [(NH4)2CO3] and allowing calcium carbonate to precipitate from the resultant mixture containing nitrate [NH4NO3] in the mother liquor, the process being characterized in that: (i) the calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2)] solution utilized in the processes is prepared by slaking lime [CaO] in water in the presence of ammonium nitrate [NH4NO3] to form calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] and ammonium hydroxide [NH4OH] in solution, filtering the solution to render it solids free, and heating the filtrate to dissociate the ammonium hydroxide [NH4OH] and to drive ammonia gas [NH3] from the solution; (ii) the ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3 solution utilized is prepared by absorbing ammonia gas [NH3] and carbon dioxide gas [CO2] in water, the ammonia gas preferably being derived from the step in (i) above in which the Ca(NO3)2 solution is heated; and (iii) the ammonium nitrate used is derived from the precipitation phase during which calcium carbonate is precipitated from the mother liquor containing ammonium nitrate.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a nano silver-carrying titanium dioxide antiseptic. The aqueous ammonia solution and silver nitrate solution are dropped into the titanium sulfate solution simultaneously with continuous stirring. The final reaction pH is controlled by ammonia water. The titanium and silver are leaded to coprecipitate. The solution is filtered and washed after maturing. Afterwards the powder of nano silver-carrying titanium dioxide antiseptic is prepared by drying and calcining. The titanic acid or metatitanic can also be taken as precursor. The slurry containing 15-25% of recursor is added with silver nitrate solution with a concentration of 20-30gL<-1>, and the phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is added with a concentration of 10-15mgL<-1>. The solution is reacted, filtered and washed under the temperature of 50-60 DEG C. The solid object is dried, crushed, calcined and cooled, and the power of nano silver-carrying titanium dioxide antiseptic is obtained. The invention uses generating an indissoluble silver salt with a preparing technique of titanium dioxide to obtain the sustained-releasing of silver and color changing prevention. Furthermore the complex of the electron pair and the cavity is avoided. The photocatalysis antimicrobial effect of titanium dioxide is reinforced. The color, luster, granularity and dispersibility of the product can be well controlled.