520results about "Preparation by dehalogenation" patented technology

One or more materials selected from 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane, 1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropene and 1,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene are used as the specific materials described above. Before submitting the materials and HF to a fluorination reaction, almost all water is removed from them.To continuously manufacture useful intended products efficiently as well as to prevent deactivation of the catalyst and the accumulation of organic substances with high boiling points when manufacturing said useful 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and / or 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, by fluorinating the specific materials with HF in the presence of a catalyst.

The invention provides an improved process to manufacture 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) by reacting 2-chloro-3,3,3,-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) with hydrogen fluoride, in a liquid phase reaction in the presence of hydrogen chloride and a liquid phase fluorination catalyst. The hydrogen chloride is added into the reaction from an external source at a pressure of about 100 psig or more. The HCFC-244bb is an intermediate in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene-1 (HFO-1234yf).

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins, and in particularly preferred embodiments tetrafluorinated olefins having F on an unsaturated, non-terminal carbon, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The preferred processes of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment generally comprise:(a) reacting a compound of formula (I)X1X2  (I)with a compound of formula (II)CX1X2X3CX1═CX1X2  (II)to produce a reaction product comprising a compound of formula (III)CF3CHX1CH2X2  (III), and(b) exposing said compound of formula (III) to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound of formula (III) to a compound of formula (IV)CF3CZ=CH2  (IV)wherein X1, X2, and X3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine, provided that X1 and X2 in formula (I) are not both hydrogen and Z is Cl, I, Br, or F.

Disclosed is a process for producing fluoroalkene of the formula Rf—CH═CH2 from a fluorohaloalkene having the formula Rf—C(R1)═C(R2)H, wherein Rf is fluorine or a substituted or unsubstituted C1–C20 straight or branched-chain fluorinated alkyl and R1 and R2 are independently H, Cl, Br, or I, provided that at least one of R1 or R2 is Cl, Br, or I by reacting the fluorohaloalkene with a reducing agent, preferably a formate salt in the presence of a catalyst.

The present invention discloses a manufacturing process to produce high purity 1234yf from 245eb, which preferably includes the removal of impurities present in 245eb raw material, the dehydrofluorination of 245eb, and the removal of impurities present in final crude product. The disclosed manufacturing process allows the production of a 1234yf product with lower the levels of 1225ye and / or trifluoropropene, preferably in amounts of less than about 500, and 50 ppm, respectively.

PCT No. PCT / JP96 / 00273 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 26, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 26, 1997 PCT Filed Feb. 8, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96 / 26914 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 9, 1996A manufacturing method for 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane in which the method is composed of: step A wherein 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane is reduced with hydrogen under the presence of hydrogenation catalyst in gaseous phase; step B wherein all of the products of the said step A are introduced into a cooler condenser, so that either a component of hydrogen and hydrogen chloride as non-condensation component and another compoment of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane as condensation components or a component of hydrogen as non-condensation component and another component of hydrogen chloride and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane as condensation component are obtained; step C wherein hydrogen is separated from the non-condensation component of the said step B, and it is recycled to the said step A; and step D wherein 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane is separated from the condensation component of the said step B. The producing method based on a manufacturing process of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane can be provided with good efficiency and economy in industrial scales.

A process for the manufacture of CF3CH═CHF and / or CF3CH═CF2 is disclosed. The process involves involves (a) reacting HF and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI═CCIX (where each X is independently F or CI) to produce a product including both CF3CCI═CF2 and CF3CHCICF3; (b) reacting CF3CCI═CF2 and / or CF3CHCICF3 produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including CF3CH2CHF2 and / or CF3CH2CF3; (c) dehydrofluorinating CF3CH2CHF2 and / or CF3CH2CF3 produced in (b) to produce a product comprising CF3CH═CHF and / or CF3CH═CF2; and (d) recovering CF3CH═CHF and / or CF3CH═CF2 from the product produced in (c). In (a), the CF3CCI═CF2 and CF3CHCICF3 are produced in the presence of a fluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.

Disclosed is a process for producing fluorinated organic compounds, including hydrofluoropropenes, which preferably comprises converting at least one compound of Formula (I): C(X)3CF2C(X)3  (I) to at least one compound of Formula (II) CF3CF═CHZ  (II) where each X and Z is independently H, F, Cl, I or Br, said process preferably not including any substantial amount of oxygen-containing catalyst in certain embodiments. Preferably Z is H.

A method for producing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene and / or 1,1,1,2,3 -pentafluoropropene using a single set of four unit operations, the unit operations being (1) hydrogenation of a starting material comprising hexafluoropropene and optionally recycled 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene; (2) separation of the desired intermediate hydrofluoroalkane, such as 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and / or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane; (3) dehydrofluorination of the intermediate hydrofluoroalkane to produce the desired 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene and / or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, followed by another separation to isolate the desired product and, optionally, recycle of the 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene.

A chemical processing microsystem useful for identifying and optimizing materials (e.g., catalysts) that enhance chemical processes or for characterizing and / or optimizing chemical processes is disclosed. The chemical processing microsystem comprises a plurality of microreactors 600 and, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of microseparators 900 integral with the chemical processing microsystem 10. The microreactors 600 are preferably diffusion-mixed microreactors formed in a plurality of laminae that include a modular, interchangeable candidate-material array 100. The material array 100 comprises a plurality of different candidate materials (e.g., catalysts), preferably arranged at separate, individually addressable portions of a substrate (e.g., wafer). The microseparators 900 are similarly formed in a plurality of laminae that include a modular, interchangeable adsorbent array 700. The adsorbent array 700 comprises one or more adsorbents, preferably arranged at separate, individually addressable portions of a substrate to spatially correspond to the plurality of different candidate materials. Modular microfluidic distribution systems are also disclosed. The chemical processing microsystem can be integrated into a material evaluation system that enables a comprehensive combinatorial material science research program.

A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and at least two of gold, silver, and palladium as essential constituent elements. The amount of modifier metals (gold, silver, and / or palladium) in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and modifier metals. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and / or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of soluble salts of modifier metals and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a modifier metal content of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total content of modifier metals and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid; (b) drying the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume. Another preparation method involves (a) impregnating solid chromium oxide with a solution of a soluble modifier metal salts; (b) drying the impregnated chromium oxide prepared in (a); and optionally; (c) calcining the dried solid. Yet another preparation method involves mixing multiple compositions, each comprising chromium, oxygen, and at least one modifier metal.

A process for producing a producing a product of the formula: R—CF═CHR1 wherein R is F or CF3 and R1 is F when R is F and is H when R is CF3 by reacting a reactant of the formula: CF3—R2 wherein R2 is selected from wherein R3 is H, F or Cl and R4 is H or Cl, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, with a reducing agent selected from methane, methyl chloride and mixtures thereof, in a gas phase reaction.

The invention relates to the preparation of 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-235fa), useful as an intermediate in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa). The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of HFC-245fa comprising reacting HCFC-235fa with hydrogen in the presence of a reduction catalyst wherein the said HCFC-235fa is prepared by reacting CCl3CHCCl3 with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of fluorination catalyst in either the liquid phase or the vapor phase.

The invention provides an economic process for the manufacture of the hydrofluorocarbon 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFC-1225zc). HFC-1225zc can be made from the dehydrochlorination of 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-235fa). Alternatively, HFC-1225zc can also be made from the dehydrofluorination of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa). HFC-1225zc) is a compound that has the potential to be used as a low Global Warming Potential refrigerant, blowing agent, aerosol propellant, or solvent.

Compounds corresponding to formula (I)F2C=CFX(CY2)nBr (I)in which: X represents an atom of oxygen or no atom; Y represents an atom of hydrogen or of fluorine; and n is a whole natural number ranging from 0 to 10 inclusive, excluding bromotrifluoroethylene, 3-bromo-perfluoropropene, 4-bromo-1,1,2,-trifluorobutene, 4-bromo-perfluorobutene-1 and perfluoro(2-bromo-ethylvinyl ester), and their use in the synthesis of fluorinated copolymers then in the synthesis of homosulphonated fluorinated elastomers, exhibiting a low glass transition temperature.

The disclosed integrated manufacturing process includes a combined liquid phase reaction and purification operation which directly produces trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and 3-chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane which is a precursor to the manufacture of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The mixture of co-products is easily separated by conventional distillation and 3-chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane is then dehydrochlorinated to produce trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by contacting in the liquid phase with a caustic solution or in the vapor phase using a dehydrochlorination catalyst.

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is thermally reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide. Poly-brominated alkanes present in the alkyl bromides are further reacted with methane over a suitable catalyst to form mono-brominated species. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide is then reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrogen bromide. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrogen bromide from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrogen bromide for use in the process, and to selectively form mono-brominated alkanes in the bromination step.

Disclosed is an integrated manufacturing process to co-produce (E)1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, (E)1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-propane starting from a single chlorinated hydrocarbon feed stock, 240fa. The process includes a combined liquid or vapor phase reaction / purification operation which directly produces (E)1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd(E)) from 240fa. In the second liquid phase fluorination reactor 1233zd(E) is contacted with HF in the presence of catalyst to produce 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (245fa) with high conversion and selectivity. A third reactor is used for dehydrofluorination of 245fa to produce (E)1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (1234ze(E)) by contacting in the liquid phase with a caustic solution or in the vapor phase using a dehydrofluorination catalyst. This operation may be followed by one or more purification processes to recover the 1234ze(E) product.

A method comprising: providing a halogen stream; providing an alkane stream; providing a decoking agent; and reacting at least a portion of the halogen stream with at least a portion of the alkane stream in the presence of a halogenation catalyst and the decoking agent to form a halogenated stream.

A chemical processing microsystem useful for identifying and optimizing materials (e.g., catalysts) that enhance chemical processes or for characterizing and / or optimizing chemical processes is disclosed. The chemical processing microsystem comprises a plurality of microreactors 600 and, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of microseparators 900 integral with the chemical processing microsystem 10. The microreactors 600 are preferably diffusion-mixed microreactors formed in a plurality of laminae that include a modular, interchangeable candidate-material array 100. The material array 100 comprises a plurality of different candidate materials (e.g., catalysts), preferably arranged at separate, individually addressable portions of a substrate (e.g., wafer). The microseparators 900 are similarly formed in a plurality of laminae that include a modular, interchangeable adsorbent array 700. The adsorbent array 700 comprises one or more adsorbents, preferably arranged at separate, individually addressable portions of a substrate to spatially correspond to the plurality of different candidate materials. Modular microfluidic distribution systems are also disclosed. The chemical processing microsystem can be integrated into a material evaluation system that enables a comprehensive combinatorial material science research program.

The current invention relates to a process for making a tetrafluoropropene using a tetrafluorochloropropane and / or a pentafluoropropane as starting or intermediate reagents. More specifically, though not exclusively, the present invention relates to a novel method for preparing a tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a starting or intermediate tetrafluorochloropropane and / or pentafluoropropane material in the presence of a caustic solution at a temperature range greater than 40° C. and less than or equal to 80° C.

Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons are provided that include contacting a saturated halogenated fluorocarbon with hydrogen and catalyst to produce a saturated hydrofluorocarbon and an unsaturated fluorocarbon. Aspects of the present invention describe systems and methods for contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons such as CF3CClFCF3 and / or CF3CCl2CF3 with hydrogen and catalyst. Systems and methods of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with catalysts having one or more of K, Zr, Na, Ni, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, and Pd. Aspects of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with hydrogen under pressure. Saturated hydroflourocarbons and unsaturated fluorocarbons produced in accordance with the systems and methods of the present invention can include one or more of CF3CFHCF3, CF3CH2CF3, CF3CHClCF3, CF3CF═CF2, CF3CH═CF2, and CF3CCl═CF2.

A process for making a fluorinated olefin. The process has the step of dehydrochlorinating a hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom and at least one chlorine atom on adjacent carbon atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is represented by the following: n wt. % MX / M′OyFz, wherein 0<y<1 and 0<z<2 and wherein y+z / 2=1; M is an alkali metal ion selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+; X is a halogen ion selected from the group consisting of F−, Cl−, Br−, and I−, M′ is a bivalent metal ion; wherein n is a weight percentage of about 0.05% to about 50% MX based on the total weight of the MX and M′OyFz, and wherein y and z are the mole fractions of oxygen and fluorine in M′OyFz, respectively. There are also methods for making catalyst compositions.

A method comprising: providing an alkyl halide stream; contacting at least some of the alkyl halides with a coupling catalyst to form a product stream comprising higher hydrocarbons and hydrogen halide; contacting the product stream with a solid reactant to remove at least a portion of the hydrogen halide from the product stream; and reacting the solid reactant with a source of oxygen to generate a corresponding halogen.

The invention discloses a hydrodechlorination catalyst. The hydrodechlorination catalyst consists of main catalysts, an adjuvant and a carrier, wherein the main catalysts are Pd and Cu, the adjuvant is selected from one or a combination of two or three or more of Mg, Ca, Ba, Co, Mo, Ni, Sm and Ce, and the main catalysts and the adjuvant are loaded onto the activated carbon carrier. The hydrodechlorination catalyst provided by the invention is applicable to the preparation of chlorotrifluoroethylene from CFC-113 through catalytic hydrodechlorination and has the advantages of long service life, high chlorotrifluoroethylene selectivity and the like.

Provided are methods for producing hydrofluorocarbons via the selective reduction of a halocarbon blend comprising 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane.

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid vapor. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid is then reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrobromic acid vapor. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrobromic acid vapor from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrobromic acid for use in the process, and to selectively form monobrominated alkanes in the bromination step.