384 results about "Oxygen compound" patented technology

Provided is a laminate capable of electrolyzing an oxygen compound gas represented by CO2 with high conversion efficiency and suppressing deterioration in electrolytic performance. In this laminate having a structure in which an electrolyte layer is sandwiched between an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer, a perovskite oxide and CuFe2O4 are contained in the cathode catalyst layer, and the content of CuFe2O4 in the cathode catalyst layer is at least 10 mass%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium manganate positive electrode material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium battery, and the method comprises the following steps: adding a manganese sulfate solution, a precipitator and a complexing agent into a reaction kettle in a parallel flow manner, reacting under a first preset reaction condition, and introducing a first oxidant while reacting to obtain a mixed solution; concentrating the mixed solution to preset solid content, and adding a curing agent for curing reaction to obtain manganous-manganic oxide slurry; adding a manganese sulfate solution, a precipitant and a complexing agent into the reaction kettle in a parallel flow manner again, reacting with the manganous-manganic oxide slurry under a second preset reaction condition, introducing a second oxidizing agent while reacting to obtain a composite manganese oxide mixed solution, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain a composite manganese oxide; the composite manganese oxide and lithium carbonate are mixed, calcined, crushed and graded to obtain the lithium manganate positive electrode material, so that the electrochemical performance of the lithium manganate positive electrode material is improved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt-free single crystal lithium-rich positive electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a nickel-manganese oxygen-containing compound precursor from manganese salt and nickel salt by using a solid-phase method or a coprecipitation method; mixing the prepared nickel-manganese oxygen-containing compound precursor with a low-melting-point lithium source, pre-sintering and melting the mixture, performing high-energy ball milling, adding a conventional lithium source once or multiple times during ball milling, and calcining the mixture after ball milling to obtain an initial product of the cobalt-free single crystal lithium-rich positive electrode material; and carrying out acid treatment and secondary calcination on the initial product to obtain the cobalt-free single crystal lithium-rich positive electrode material product. The single crystal lithium-rich material with excellent performance can be prepared with high efficiency and low cost, and has excellent electrochemical performance.

The invention discloses a catalyst for catalyzing ethane to prepare ethylene or an oxygen-containing compound as well as a preparation method and application of the catalyst, and belongs to the field of catalysts. On the basis of ERB-1 and MCM-22, a large number of hydroxyl structures are formed through post-treatment of nitric acid or ammonium nitrate; a titanium source and molecular sieve silicon hydroxyl are subjected to a dehydrohalogenation reaction in a titanium halide gas form to form a Ti-O-Si bond, so that titanium successfully enters a molecular sieve framework and is uniformly distributed. Au or Pd is anchored by a framework Ti, Au or Pd is loaded by using a deposition-precipitation method, and the introduced Ti species can provide a better environment for further dispersing Au or Pd by changing isoelectric points on the surface of a molecular sieve carrier, so that the size of Au or Pd nanoparticles is controlled; secondly, due to the high specific surface area of the MWW molecular sieve, the gold precursor can be effectively dispersed, and agglomeration is inhibited; compared with an MWW molecular sieve of pure Si, Au or Pd nanoparticles can be dispersed and anchored by introducing a framework Ti, so that an Au and Pd-based catalyst which is about 2nm in size and good in dispersion is prepared.

Electrical power derived from a renewable energy source is used to perform water electrolysis to produce oxygen and hydrogen. A flue gas and heat are produced from combustion of a fuel using at least a portion of the oxygen generated by electrolysis. A feed stream including hydrocarbon oil is hydroprocessed using the generated heat and at least a portion of the hydrogen generated by electrolysis to produce a product including a saturated hydrocarbon. At least a portion of the flue gas is hydrogenated using at least a portion of the hydrogen generated by electrolysis to produce a second product stream including a hydrocarbon, an oxygenate, or both.

The invention discloses an argillaceous sandstone uranium ore leaching method and device based on a recyclable activation material, and relates to the technical field of uranium ore resource development. The preparation method of the recyclable activated material comprises the following steps: adding WS2 and Fe3O4 into an aqueous solution, uniformly stirring, adding a boron-containing compound, a fluorine-containing precursor aqueous solution and a nitrogen-oxygen-containing compound, uniformly stirring, heating, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a precursor; and calcining the precursor in a protective atmosphere to obtain F / O co-doped h-BN / WS2 / Fe3O4 which is used as a recoverable activation material. The obtained recoverable activated material has good catalytic performance, can be widely applied to preparation of a catalyst for leaching uranium from argillaceous sandstone uranium ore, and can generate strong turbulence, secondary circulation and near-wall shear force for high-viscosity ore pulp and efficiently excite the catalytic activity of a piezoelectric material in cooperation with the device provided by the invention.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a jet fuel composition (12), the process comprising: a) Processing an oxygenate stream (1) in an Oxygenate-to-Olefin (OtO) unit (2) to produce an olefin stream (3); b) Separating the olefin stream (3) in a fractionation unit (4) into at least a C2-olefin-rich stream (5), a C3-olefin-rich stream (6) and a C4+-olefin-rich stream (7); c) Dimerizing at least a portion of ethylene contained in the C2-olefin-rich stream (5) to C4-olefins in a dimerization unit (20), thereby producing a dimerized product stream (21); d) Processing an oligomerization feed (8) comprising at least a portion of the C4+-olefin-rich stream (7) and at least a portion of the dimerized product stream (21) in an oligomerization unit (9) to produce an oligomerized olefin stream (10); e) Hydrogenating at least a portion of the oligomerized olefin stream (10).

The present invention relates to a process for producing a jet fuel composition (12), the process comprising: a) Processing an oxygenate stream (1) in an Oxygenate-to-Olefin (OtO) unit (2) to produce an olefin stream (3); b) Processing an oligomerization feed (8) comprising at least a portion of the olefin stream (3) in an oligomerization unit (9) to produce an oligomerized olefin stream (10); c) Hydrogenating at least a portion of the oligomerized olefin stream (10); wherein a fraction of the oligomerized olefin stream (10) is withdrawn as a recycle stream (40a, 40b) and passed to a steamcracking unit (41) to produce a steamcracking product stream (42), wherein at least a portion of the steamcracking product stream (42) is included in the oligomerization feed (8).

The present invention relates to a process for producing a jet fuel composition (12), the process comprising: a) Processing an oxygenate stream (1) in an Oxygenate-to-Olefin (OtO) unit (2) to produce an olefin stream (3); b) Providing an oligomerization feed (8) comprising at least a portion of the olefin stream (3) and at least a portion of an external C4+-olefin stream (30) comprising C4+-olefins; c) Processing the oligomerization feed (8) in an oligomerization unit (9) to produce an oligomerized olefin stream (10); d) Hydrogenating at least a portion of the oligomerized olefin stream (10).

The invention provides a catalyst for synthesizing N-methylaniline and a preparation method thereof, the catalyst comprises an active component, a carrier and an auxiliary agent, the active component comprises oxygen-containing compounds of copper, zinc and chromium, the carrier is gamma-alumina subjected to surface hydroxylation treatment, and the auxiliary agent is a cerium-molybdenum bimetallic alloy. The preparation method comprises the following steps: loading the active component on the hydroxylation carrier through ultrasonic impregnation, drying, further loading the cerium-molybdenum auxiliary agent, and carrying out reduction alloying and roasting activation to form the composite catalyst. The catalyst is a regular cylinder, has the diameter of 4-6mm and the length of 4-6mm, has an optimized pore structure and surface properties, and is suitable for methylation reaction of aniline and methanol. According to the method, the dispersity of active components is improved through modified chromic oxide, the mass transfer efficiency is enhanced through a hydroxylation carrier, the synergistic catalysis effect of cerium-molybdenum alloy is combined, the reaction activity and selectivity are remarkably improved, meanwhile, side reactions are inhibited, the stability is enhanced, and the method can be widely applied to industrial production of N-methylaniline.

The invention provides a positive plate, a battery and electronic equipment. The positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive active layer positioned on at least one surface of the positive current collector; the positive electrode active layer comprises a first positive electrode active layer and a second positive electrode active layer which are sequentially stacked in a direction far away from the positive electrode current collector; the first positive electrode active layer comprises a first positive electrode active material, and the first positive electrode active material comprises lithium manganese iron phosphate and a lithium oxide compound; the second positive electrode active layer comprises a second positive electrode active material, and the second positive electrode active material comprises a lithium oxide compound and nickel cobalt lithium manganate. When the positive plate is applied to the battery, the battery is not easy to generate gas during high-temperature storage, so that the safety performance of the battery is improved.

The invention provides a secondary battery and an electronic device, the secondary battery comprises an electrode assembly of a winding structure and an electrolyte, the electrode assembly comprises a pole piece, the electrode assembly comprises a straight area and a bending area, a plurality of first protrusions are arranged on the pole piece in the straight area, a plurality of second protrusions are arranged on the pole piece in the bending area, and the first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged along the thickness direction of the pole piece. The average height of the plurality of first protrusions is H1 [mu] m, the average height of the plurality of second protrusions is H2 [mu] m, 1.5 < = H2 / H1 < = 5, 5 < = H1 < = 40, and the electrolyte contains a sulfur oxide compound. Through the arrangement, the infiltration of the electrolyte on the electrode assembly is improved, the interface of the electrode assembly is improved, and the cycle performance, low-temperature discharge performance and high-temperature storage performance of the secondary battery are improved.

The invention relates to a method for producing renewable fuel, in particular to a method for synthesizing hydrocarbon fuel by catalyzing sulfur-containing biomass derivatives through three metals. The invention discloses a process for converting oxygen-containing compounds derived from sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing biomass into hydrocarbons through a catalytic technology, and relates to the field of green chemistry and biofuel production. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating raw materials; s2, filling a catalyst; s3, hydrogenation catalytic reaction; s4, sampling and detecting; and S5, separating and purifying a product. The combination of the three metals has a synergistic effect, can bring about optimization of an electronic effect and a geometric effect, can provide higher catalytic activity and selectivity in hydrogenation reaction, and compared with a traditional single-metal or double-metal catalyst, the three-metal catalyst can realize the same or even higher reaction rate and yield at lower temperature and pressure, and can be used for preparing the catalyst. The reaction energy consumption and the equipment requirement are reduced, and the economic benefit and the process feasibility are improved.

Processes and apparatuses for separating carbon monoxide from ethylene. The ethylene may be produced from biobased alcohol. The separation utilizes a fractionation column which produces a carbon monoxide depleted ethylene stream and an overhead stream comprising carbon monoxide and ethylene. The ethylene from the overhead stream may be recovered in an absorption zone with an absorbing liquid. A oxygenate fractionation zone may be utilized to remove oxygenates from the carbon monoxide depleted ethylene stream.

The invention discloses a co-catalytic cracking method for biomass oil and heavy oil, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adding alkaline earth metal salt and a ligand compound into water, mixing, heating to 70 DEG C, reacting at a constant temperature, and filtering to obtain an alkaline earth metal complex; adding an alkaline earth metal complex into the biomass oil, stirring and mixing, reacting the alkaline earth metal complex serving as a deoxidizing agent with phenolic substances in the biomass oil to form a metal-phenol complex, adding an extracting agent after the reaction, uniformly mixing, dissolving the metal-phenol complex into the extracting agent, and layering the solution; and uniformly mixing the treated layered solution with heavy oil, and carrying out catalytic cracking under the action of a catalyst. The alkaline earth metal complex not only can remove oxygen-containing compounds in the biomass oil, but also can effectively resist heavy metal pollution of heavy oil and strengthen the activity of the catalyst, so that the light oil yield is remarkably increased, the proportion of coke to dry gas is reduced, the formation of coke is reduced, and the economical efficiency and environmental friendliness of the catalytic cracking process are greatly optimized.

The invention relates to a low-temperature hydrodeoxygenation catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst provided by the invention is suitable for low-temperature removal of alcohols in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, and is also suitable for low-temperature removal of alcohols in other hydrocarbons containing alcohols. The catalyst provided by the invention adopts a phosphorus modified alumina carrier, adopts nickel as a hydrogenation active component, and adopts lanthanum, cerium, cobalt and / or zinc (especially cerium) as a cocatalyst component, and a component loading process adopts a step-by-step impregnation method to load the cocatalyst component and the hydrogenation active component on the carrier in sequence. The catalyst provided by the invention solves the technical problem of sufficient removal of oxygen-containing compounds at low temperature.

The invention relates to the field of oxygen-containing compound adsorption and removal, and discloses a molecular sieve adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a silicon source and an aluminum source, carrying out preliminary crystallization, aging and crystallizing in a gel-like mother solution containing the silicon source and the aluminum source to obtain an FAU molecular sieve seed crystal, and carrying out mixed crystallization on the FAU molecular sieve seed crystal, various molecular sieves and the aluminum source, forming and roasting the obtained molecular sieve mixed crystal, the sodium metaaluminate modified carbon nanotube, an aluminum source and an auxiliary component; and finally, carrying out surface modification by adopting anhydrous amino acid ionic liquid. The molecular sieve adsorbent has a hierarchical pore structure composed of abundant micropores and mesopores and a relatively high specific surface area, the adsorption performance is improved through modification of the amino acid ionic liquid and addition of the modified carbon nanotubes, and when the molecular sieve adsorbent is used for adsorbing and removing oxygen-containing compounds in olefins, the molecular sieve adsorbent shows a relatively good removal rate and a relatively long adsorption period, and the molecular sieve adsorbent has relatively good application prospects. The production cost can be effectively reduced, and the method has high production and application value.

A silicon composite material and a preparation method, a negative electrode plate, a battery, and an electrical apparatus. The silicon composite material comprises a silicon-based material and a flexible material, wherein the hardness of the flexible material is less than the hardness of the silicon-based material. The silicon-based material comprises at least one of elemental silicon, a silicon-oxygen compound, a silicon-carbon composite, a silicon-nitrogen composite, and a silicon alloy. The flexible material is located on at least part of the surface of the silicon-based material. By means of the combination of the flexible material and the silicon-based material, the risk of a current collector being crushed during the preparation of an electrode plate can be reduced, and the compacted density of the electrode plate can be improved, thus increasing the energy density of a battery.

The invention discloses a closed all-solid-state lithium-oxygen battery, an oxidation composite positive electrode and a preparation method, the closed all-solid-state lithium-oxygen battery comprises an oxygen-containing compound and a catalyst, the oxygen-containing compound comprises one or more of Li2O, Li2O2, KO2, Li2CO3, Li3PO4 and LiNO3, and the catalyst comprises a transition metal oxide, a noble metal and an alloy thereof, a carbon-based material, a metal organic framework and a derivative thereof, a monatomic catalyst and a composite material. The catalyst comprises one or more of oxygen-containing compounds and one or more of non-metal catalysts, the mass ratio of the oxygen-containing compounds is 50%-80%, and the mass ratio of the catalyst is 20%-50%. According to the invention, the oxidation-reduction reaction of oxygen is immobilized, oxygen is not generated, and the problems of complex structure and low actual energy density of an open type lithium air battery are solved; the solid electrolyte is used for replacing electrolyte, so that the potential safety hazard of electrolyte permeation is solved, the electrochemical performance is improved, and a new path is provided for the ultrahigh-specific-energy all-solid-state battery.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a jet fuel composition (12), the process comprising: a) Processing an oxygenate stream (1) in an Oxygenate-to-Olefin (OtO) unit (2) to produce an olefin stream (3); b) Separating the olefin stream (3) in a fractionation unit (4) into at least a C2-olefin-rich stream (5), a C3-olefin-rich stream (6) and a C4+-olefin-rich stream (7); c) Processing an oligomerization feed comprising a first oligomerization feed stream (8a) containing at least a portion of the C3-olefin-rich stream (6) and a second oligomerization feed stream (8b) containing at least a portion of the C4+-olefin-rich stream (7) in an oligomerization unit (9) to produce an oligomerized olefin stream (10); d) Hydrogenating at least a portion of the oligomerized olefin stream (10); wherein the oligomerization unit (9) comprises at least a first reaction zone (9a), and a second reaction zone (9b) downstream of the first reaction zone (9a); wherein the first oligomerization feed stream (8a) is introduced into the oligomerization unit (9) at a position upstream of the first reaction zone (9a), and the second oligomerization feed stream (8b) is introduced into the oligomerization unit (9) at a position downstream of the first reaction zone (9a) and upstream of the second reaction zone (9b).

Processes for dehydrogenating normal paraffins derived from natural oils to olefins are described. The feed stream is passed through an adsorption bed comprising alkaline or alkaline earth cation exchange X-Zeolite to removes essentially all oxygenates and aromatics from the feed stream. One or more additional adsorbent beds having different adsorbents can also be included to remove additional oxygenates and aromatics as well as sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, phosphorous compounds, or combinations thereof. The dehydrogenation process can be part of a process for producing alkylbenzenes from natural oils.

The utility model discloses a small nitrogen oxygen compound detection device of gas detection technical field, including mobile detection box, the inside one side of mobile detection box is installed with detection chamber, the outside wall center position of one side of detection chamber is installed with motor, and its structure is reasonable, the utility model discloses the mounting bracket on two groups of purification filter board is by the guiding seat with the sliding mode and is connected in the guiding groove on fixed base, and the mounting plate on fixed base is installed with the exhaust fan of corresponding installation up and down, according to the breather hole on detection chamber, make its air inlet on mobile detection box access to small nitrogen oxygen compound, and the exhaust fan extracts inward, to a certain amount, and the motor controls the baffle and seals the breather hole, reaches the partial small nitrogen oxygen compound existence detection chamber, and can be detected and handled by gas detection sensor, after the small nitrogen oxygen compound of detection is finished, and can be discharged by the exhaust fan to the air outlet.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing a C4 + oxygen-containing compound through catalytic conversion of ethanol and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to a catalyst technology. The catalyst is composed of a carrier and an active component, the carrier is spinel metal oxide AB2O4, and has high specific surface area, rich pore structure and uniform particle size; the active component is high-dispersion metal M, and the metal M accounts for 0.1-5% of the total mass of the catalyst. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: preparing the carrier, and anchoring the active component on the carrier in a highly dispersed manner in a molten salt in-situ loading manner, so that the active component of the catalyst and the carrier form a strong synergistic catalysis effect, and the catalyst has the characteristics of high activity and high stability. Under the reaction conditions that the pressure is 3.0 MPa, the temperature is 250 DEG C and the air speed is 3.0 h <-1 >, the selectivity for preparing the C4 < + > oxygen-containing compound through ethanol conversion is as high as 97.6%, and obvious inactivation can be avoided after 200 hours of stable operation.

The invention refers to the method for producing gasolines or aromatic compound concentrates, where three streams are used as feedstock, one of which includes hydrocarbon fraction, the second stream includes oxygenate, the third stream includes olefin-containing fraction with one or more olefins selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, normal butylenes, isobutylene, in total from 10 to 50 wt %, and where three reaction zones filled with zeolite catalyst are used, with distribution of hydrocarbon fraction and oxygenate to the first reaction zone, and with olefin-containing fraction distributed over the three reaction zones, with the third stream mass fraction distributed to the final reaction zone higher than the mass fraction of the third stream distributed to each of the previous reaction zones. This method allows to increase the yield of C5+ hydrocarbons, enhance n-hexane and n-heptane conversion, reduce benzene content in the product, avoid recycling of gaseous products and decrease consumption of oxygenates. 1 independent claim and 35 dependent claims in the formula, 12 examples, 7 tables.

The application provides a method for removing oxygen-containing compounds from Fischer-Tropsch naphtha, which comprises the following steps: (1) reacting Fischer-Tropsch naphtha, a catalyst, isopropyl alcohol and glycol in a stirring reactor, and then standing and separating; (2) extracting the upper hydrocarbon phase after standing with an extractant to obtain an extraction phase and a raffinate phase; (3) recovering the solvent in a solvent recovery column, obtaining oxygen-containing compounds at the top of the column, and recycling the solvent obtained at the bottom of the column as the extractant; (4) washing the raffinate phase with water to obtain Fischer-Tropsch naphtha from which the oxygen-containing compounds are removed and washed water, recycling the washed water to the water washing column for water washing, and recycling the product at the bottom of the water recovery column as the extractant; the extractant is a mixture of ester compounds and glycol compounds, and the content of the glycol compounds is 40-70%; and the method can reduce the oxygen-containing compounds in the Fischer-Tropsch naphtha to 5 ppm, and the oil recovery rate reaches more than 95%.

A process for producing a sustainable aviation fuel component is described, wherein the process comprises two integrated sub-processes A and B. The sub-processes A comprises providing a renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, hydrolyzing the triglycerides into free fatty acids which are subjected to a hydrocracking to produce a first hydrocarbon intermediate A. In the sub-processes B of the integrated process, any light hydrocarbons, oxygenates and glycerol released in the sub-processes A are refined into further hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon intermediate B, which together with hydrocarbon intermediate A are isomerized and a sustainable aviation fuel or sustainable aviation fuel component is provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of adsorption materials, in particular to modified adsorption resin for a high-impurity n-heptane raw material and a purification method of the modified adsorption resin. The resin is prepared from the following raw materials: polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin microspheres, chloromethyl ether, 1, 3, 5, 7-tetra (4-chloromethylphenyl) adamantane, 2-methylimidazole and the like. During preparation, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin microspheres are subjected to chloromethylation to introduce active sites, adamantine crosslinking to construct rigid pore channels, and imidazolyl functionalization to introduce specific adsorption sites. During purification, dynamic adsorption is performed after pretreatment of two stages of adsorption columns, mild regeneration is performed by using an ethanol-acetone mixed solution, isoparaffin, aromatic hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing compounds can be synchronously removed, high-purity n-heptane is obtained, the resin regeneration performance is excellent, and the whole process is easy to industrialize.

A catalyst composition and method for treating a feed including oxygen is provided. The catalyst composition includes a zeolite and a coprocessing material including an oxide of at least one of magnesium (Mg), vanadium (V), and cerium (Ce).

The present application relates to the technical field of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis wax analysis chemistry, and in particular to a method for detecting oxygen-containing compound components in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis wax by using solid-phase microextraction and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method comprises the following steps: first, performing solid-phase microextraction on a to-be-tested wax sample to obtain an extract rich in oxygen-containing compound components; and then using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to qualitatively determine the composition of the oxygen-containing compound components contained in the extract. In the method, the content of the oxygen-containing compound components is less than or equal to 7 wt% based on the total weight of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis wax. The method has the characteristics of high throughput, high sensitivity and high accuracy, and solves the problems of difficult analysis and separation and difficult qualitative determination of alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, acid, ester and other oxygen-containing compound components in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis wax.

The application discloses a deoxygenation method and a deoxygenation adsorbent for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil, and relates to the field of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil processing.The deoxygenation method comprises the following steps: introducing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil into an adsorption tower filled with the deoxygenation adsorbent, and removing oxygen-containing compounds.The deoxygenation adsorbent is prepared by the following method: step S1, adding an aluminum source, a silicon source and a template agent into a lye, and performing first aging at room temperature; continuously adding the aluminum source and the silicon source, and performing second aging at room temperature; performing crystallization at a predetermined temperature; and filtering and washing the product to obtain a molecular sieve; and step S2, immersing the molecular sieve in a lye, adding a template agent into the lye, and then performing crystallization; and filtering, washing, drying and calcining the product after the crystallization to obtain the deoxygenation adsorbent.The deoxygenation method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil provided by the application significantly improves the quality of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil and the economic benefits of subsequent processing by preparing a deoxygenation adsorbent with multiple levels of pores and combining the adsorption tower.