5234 results about "Chemical physics" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum computing and molecular electronic devices, in particular to a probabilistic bit device based on polyfluoroaryl methyl free radicals and a preparation method of the probabilistic bit device. According to the probabilistic bit device, the coupling efficiency of molecules and electrodes is improved by virtue of the characteristic that the paramagnetic unpaired electron spin state of tri (polyfluoroaryl) methyl free radical molecules can be used as a random expansion physical entropy source and high electronegativity and stability formed by modification of a plurality of strong electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms in the molecules. During the operation period of the device, the spin fluctuation can efficiently regulate and control tunneling current passing through molecules, promote random conversion between output high and low current states, show excellent random binary fluctuation characteristics, and simultaneously have high sensitivity and long coherence time. Compared with the prior art, the device has remarkable advantages in the aspects of device stability, energy efficiency ratio and external field controllability. The preparation method is simple and convenient to operate, mild in reaction condition and beneficial to large-scale production.

The present disclosure provides a new wet atomic layer etch (ALE) process for etching high-k dielectric materials. More specifically, the present disclosure provides various embodiments of methods that utilize new etch chemistries for etching transition metal oxide dielectric materials in a cyclic wet ALE process. In the example embodiments provided herein, new etch chemistries and methods are provided for etching zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), hafnium dioxide (HfO2) and HfxZr(1-x)O2 dielectrics in a cyclic wet ALE process. However, the wet ALE techniques described herein are not strictly limited to the example materials discussed herein and can be applied to other transition metals and transition metal oxides.

The invention provides a perovskite solar cell, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module. The perovskite solar cell comprises a first electrode, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode which are stacked in sequence. The material of the hole transport layer comprises a biomolecular material which is fixed on a self-assembly monomolecular layer material through an intermolecular force, and the biomolecular material comprises one or more of guanine, adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine, hydroxymethylcytosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, 6-mercaptopurine and corrin. According to the perovskite cell provided by the invention, the biomolecular material with a plurality of nitrogen heterocyclic structures and amino groups is added to generate multipoint hydrogen-bond interaction and pi-pi accumulation with the tail end of the SAM, so that the orderliness of molecular arrangement is improved, and the dipole direction and strength of the whole interface are regulated and controlled; and a coordination bond or hydrogen bond network is formed by the coordination compound and uncoordinated cations or anions in perovskite, so that interface defects are effectively passivated, and the thermal stability and the humid and hot life of a device are enhanced.

The invention provides a visual detection method for interface water droplet induced electron generation in a high-temperature and high-pressure hydrocarbon-water system, and belongs to the technical field of in-situ analysis of electrons in mixed fluid. The detection method comprises the following steps: preparing a fused quartz capillary reaction cavity; loading a sample in a fused quartz capillary reaction cavity: sequentially inserting a thin capillary syringe filled with a silicomolybdic acid aqueous solution and a thin capillary syringe filled with a hydrocarbon liquid into the fused quartz capillary reaction cavity, and injecting the silicomolybdic acid aqueous solution and the hydrocarbon liquid; and carrying out visual detection on the water droplets. Through the visual fused quartz capillary thermal simulation experiment device, the color change of the water droplets at the interface of the silicomolybdic acid aqueous solution and the hydrocarbon fluid under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure is visually displayed, and the color characteristics of the water droplets are observed in real time by using a microscope, so that whether the water droplets induce electron generation or not is judged; the problem that electrons generated by water droplets cannot be directly observed and detected under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is solved.

The present application relates to a kind of full solid-state lithium ion membrane reactor with symmetrical structure and its application, the reactor is in situ construction on the both sides of solid-state lithium ion conductor film with Pt and / or Ni as catalyst, with single-walled carbon nanotube etc. Conductive material is used as current collector gas diffusion electrode, the reactor can work in nitrogen hydrogen mixture atmosphere, integration is high, scale is flexible.The present application changes the working mode of traditional reactor using liquid electrolyte, replaces inefficient nitrogen and proton mass transfer with efficient lithium ion mass transfer, couples lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reaction to synthesize ammonia, and the maximum working current density is increased to 1000mA / cm 2 , and can work at 40mA / cm 2 Current density for a long time, with innovation and broad industrial application prospect.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a microwave-assisted synthesized near-infrared electrochemical luminescence gold nanocluster and application of the gold nanocluster in miRNA (micro Ribonucleic Acid) detection. The preparation method comprises the following steps: under a stirring condition, adding a gold source and alkali into a Met solution to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out microwave irradiation reaction, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a Met-Au NCs solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: activating a Met-Au NCs solution by using EDC and NHS, adding a DNA solution, mixing, and dialyzing to obtain a Met-Au NCs-DNA compound, namely the near-infrared electrochemical luminescence gold nanocluster. Compared with Au NCs prepared by a common mild method, the Met-stable Au NCs prepared by a microwave-assisted method has the advantage that the fluorescence and electrochemical luminescence efficiency at 835 nm is improved. The invention also provides a'signal closing 'ECL (electron cyclotron ligand) biosensor for high-sensitivity detection of the miRNA-107 (MicroRNA-107), and a method for detecting the miRNA-107 (MicroRNA-107). The sensor is simple to operate and good in repeatability, and has important scientific significance and application value for clinical early diagnosis of cancers.

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular simulation, and provides a method for constructing a heavy component average molecular structure of thickened oil, which comprises the following steps: inputting parameters, generating a core aromatic ring unit, constructing an inner-layer aliphatic ring unit, constructing an outer-layer aliphatic ring unit, generating a side chain unit, and storing and outputting structural information. A plurality of molecular structures meeting experimental data are generated at a time through a traversal algorithm thought, composition characteristics of a heavy oil complex mixture are met, more available molecular structures are provided for molecular simulation, the accuracy and efficiency of molecular modeling are improved, the molecular structures completely meeting the experimental data can be rapidly generated, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And only the mass spectrometer, the elemental analyzer, the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum and the infrared spectrum data need to be input, so that the experiment cost is reduced.

The invention provides a lithium battery formation SEI film stability evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a curve of the voltage differential capacity of a lithium battery along with the voltage change in a formation process, and taking the curve as a first curve; acquiring a voltage corresponding to an SEI film forming peak in the first curve as a film forming voltage; after the formed lithium battery is subjected to charge and discharge cycles for a first target number of times, the lithium battery is discharged until the voltage is smaller than the film forming voltage as a first discharge process; carrying out constant-current charging on the lithium battery subjected to the first discharging process until the voltage is greater than the film-forming voltage, so as to serve as a first charging process; acquiring a curve of voltage differential capacity of the lithium battery along with voltage change in the first charging process as a second curve; and evaluating the lithium battery formation SEI film stability according to whether a film formation peak exists in the second curve. Whether the SEI film is stable or not can be detected in the battery recycling process, operation is easy, new equipment does not need to be input, and implementation is easy.

A method of separating ions based on mobility is provided. The method involves receiving ions by an ion mobility spectrometry device having a separation region, and causing the ions to travel through at least a portion of the separation region in a first direction along a path and separate based on ion mobility. The method further involves causing the separated ions to maintain a relative degree of separation therebetween and travel in a second direction along the path while maintaining the relative degree of separation therebetween. The second direction being opposite to the first direction. The ions are then caused to travel in the first direction along the path a second time to further separate the ions based on ion mobility. An ion mobility spectrometry device performing the foregoing method is also provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of analysis and detection, in particular to a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based nano material detection method, which is characterized in that a heterojunction composite structure consisting of noble metal nano stars and semiconductor oxide nano particles is used as an SERS active substrate; and a specific recognition molecule carrying a Raman reporter molecule is used as a detection probe. During detection, the recognition molecules are firstly combined with the to-be-detected nano material, and then the compound is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate. The tip structure of the noble metal nanostar and a heterojunction interface jointly generate a synergistic effect of electromagnetic enhancement and chemical enhancement, and a reporter molecule signal is doubly amplified, so that high-sensitivity and high-selectivity detection on a to-be-detected nano material is realized. The method solves the problems of weak signal and poor selectivity of the traditional method, and is suitable for rapid and quantitative analysis of trace nano materials in the environment.

The invention relates to a UCNPs probe-based in-situ dynamic monitoring molecular interaction method, which comprises: S1, providing a UCNPs probe, the core layer of the UCNPs probe being a rare earth up-conversion nanocrystal, the shell layer of the UCNPs probe being an anti-quenching inert material, and the anti-quenching inert material coating the surface of the rare earth up-conversion nanocrystal; the surface of the anti-quenching inert material is modified with ligand molecules, and the ligand molecules are used for being specifically combined with target molecules in a to-be-detected sample; s2, mixing or contacting the UCNPs probe with a to-be-detected sample containing target molecules to construct a to-be-analyzed molecular interaction system; s3, irradiating the molecular interaction system by adopting near-infrared pulse laser, and collecting the change of the fluorescence lifetime tau of the UCNPs along with the time t and the change of the fluorescence intensity I along with the time t in real time to obtain a tau-t curve and an I-t curve; and S4, according to the tau-t curve and the I-t curve, realizing in-situ dynamic monitoring on the molecular interaction state. According to the method, a molecular binding / dissociation event is directly converted into a quantifiable and anti-interference optical signal, and the technical defect that in-situ dynamic monitoring of molecular interaction cannot be achieved in a traditional technology is overcome.

The invention discloses a method for exploring a heterogeneous catalytic reaction network based on a deep potential energy surface model, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the accurate prediction of the free energy change of all possible element reactions on a catalyst through the combination of transfer learning and a density functional theory, and constructing a reaction network diagram based on a graph theory method; an improved Dijkstra method is used for searching a reaction network diagram to determine a reaction mechanism, and the selectivity of the catalyst is explored based on a Markov chain method. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the CO2 reduction reaction mechanism on the monatomic alloy is explored, the prediction error MAE of the electron energy of each intermediate is only 0.16 eV, the calculated amount is reduced by 90%, the dominant path of the CO2 reduction reaction is visually displayed, and a new normal form is provided for complex mechanism exploration and catalyst screening.

The invention provides an oxygen vacancy defect carbon nitride anchored iron atom cluster catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalysts. Iron atoms are anchored in a carbon nitride (Ov-C3N4) structure containing oxygen vacancy defects in a cluster form, and Fe-Ov-C defect bonds are formed between the oxygen vacancy defects in C3N4 and iron atom clusters to stabilize the iron atom clusters, so that the problem of thermodynamic instability of the catalyst is solved while higher atom utilization efficiency is obtained; the Fe-Ov-C defect bond atoms can reasonably regulate and control the electronic structure of the center of an iron cluster d band, so that the catalytic activity and the cycling stability are greatly enhanced; besides, iron atom clusters and persulfate act to cause O-O bond breakage, non-free radical singlet oxygen is formed, and the problem that the catalytic efficiency is sharply reduced due to free radical annihilation in a complex water environment can be effectively solved.

The invention discloses a microfluidic nitration reaction platform based on in-situ Raman and a reaction optimization method. The platform integrates a microreactor, an in-situ Raman detection module, a spectrogram processing and quantifying module, an experimental optimization module and a central control module, and is suitable for monitoring and optimizing complex reactions under a non-mutual solution phase plunger flow system. According to the method, an indirect hard modeling (IHM) method is used for processing an overlapped Raman spectrogram, a standard curve is combined for establishing a multi-component concentration prediction model, and high-precision quantification of reactants and products is realized. According to the platform, a Gaussian process model is combined with dynamics prior, a multi-target Bayesian optimization process based on expected hypervolume improvement (EHVI) is driven, and Pareto optimal conditions in a temperature and residence time space are effectively explored. The system has the functions of automatic focusing sampling, spectrogram real-time decoupling, concentration inversion and experimental condition decision making, and is suitable for intelligent reaction development and optimization in the fields of fine chemical engineering, high-throughput reaction screening and the like.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery binder for inhibiting silicon expansion, a negative pole piece, a lithium ion battery and an electric device, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The lithium ion battery binder capable of inhibiting silicon expansion comprises a first polymer and a second polymer, wherein the first polymer is a cross-linked polymer with dynamic reversible covalent bonds; wherein the dynamic reversible covalent bond comprises a disulfide bond or a borate bond; the binder network provided by the invention not only can effectively limit the excessive slippage of a polymer and provide higher mechanical strength, but also can generate reversible fracture and recombination at a stress concentration point in the charging and discharging process due to the dynamic reversibility of a disulfide bond or a borate bond, converts concentrated stress into fracture energy of a chemical bond and dissipates the fracture energy, so that the mechanical strength of the polymer is improved, and the service life of the polymer is prolonged. Therefore, permanent damage of the network is avoided, the pole piece structure is kept complete in long-term circulation, and stable electrochemical performance is achieved.

The invention provides an electrolyte, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery, and relates to the field of lithium ion batteries. According to the electrolyte, carbon-coated ferroferric oxide particles are introduced to serve as a magnetic additive, the carbon-coated ferroferric oxide particles are mainly composed of ferroferric oxide nano-particles and porous carbon coating layers coating the surfaces of the ferroferric oxide nano-particles, and the structure enables the ferroferric oxide nano-particles to have good dispersion stability in the electrolyte; and when the electrolyte is under the action of an external magnetic field, the carbon-coated ferroferric oxide particles can generate specific response and movement, and are orderly arranged in a certain direction within milliseconds to form a chain structure and a linear channel, so that the diffusion of lithium ions in the electrolyte is changed from disordered state to ordered state, the transmission rate of the lithium ions is improved, and meanwhile, the performance of the lithium ion battery is improved. And under the magnetic flux superposition effect of the magnetic particles, Li < + > cuts magnetic induction lines, so that the temperature of the electrolyte is increased, and the fast charging performance is further improved. The invention also provides a lithium ion battery which comprises the electrolyte.

The present invention relates to the technical field of electrodeposition, and relates to a simulation method for flow field distribution and deposition morphology in ultrafast laser-assisted electrochemical deposition. The steps of the method comprise: constructing, in multiphysics simulation software, a two-dimensional axisymmetric multiphysics coupled field model for heat transfer, solid and fluid heat transfer, tertiary current distribution, and laminar flow; constructing a geometric model of a deposition cell and a substrate, and setting laser properties, material physical parameters, and electrodeposition properties in the multiphysics simulation software; constructing an ultrafast laser heat transfer model on the basis of a two-temperature equation; setting initial and boundary conditions of the ultrafast laser heat transfer model, and constructing an electrodeposition field; coupling the ultrafast laser heat transfer model with the electrodeposition field to construct an ultrafast laser-assisted electrochemical deposition model; delineating a grid; and performing calculation and analysis. In the present invention, ultrafast laser is incorporated to perform multiphysics coupling of a thermal field, a flow field, an electric field, etc., and a two-temperature equation and tertiary current distribution are incorporated to the model, thereby achieving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of prediction models.

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular simulation, and discloses a molecular simulation analysis method of a functionalized covalent organic framework confinement ionic liquid microstructure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: converting force field files of COF and anions and cations of ionic liquid into coordinate files by using a Python tool; the anions and the cations are confined to a pore channel formed by COF stacking to form a composite membrane, and the whole system is placed in a simulation box; data and input files are generated according to the potential file, and LAMMPS software is used for conducting molecular dynamics simulation on a set simulation box; the two-dimensional density, cation orientation and the like of the ionic liquid are analyzed through a Python post-treatment molecular dynamics track, and meanwhile the porosity and the free volume of the COF are calculated. According to the method, a regulation and control mechanism of the COF confinement ionic liquid can be obtained, and a theoretical basis is provided for design and preparation of a COF confinement ionic liquid membrane material.

The invention discloses a flexible pressure sensor based on ionized hydrogel and a preparation method thereof. The sensor adopts a sandwich layered structure of a flexible composite electrode, an ionized water gel dielectric layer and a flexible composite electrode, ionized water gel is used as a dielectric layer, and an upper flexible electrode and a lower flexible electrode are prepared from a multi-walled carbon nanotube / polydimethylsiloxane (MWCNTs / PDMS) composite material; the surface, making contact with the dielectric layer, of the electrode is copied through an abrasive paper template method to form a micron-sized rough structure. Under the action of external pressure, the effective contact area between the microstructure electrode and the ionized water gel dielectric layer and the equivalent electrode distance change, so that the interface electric double-layer capacitance is regulated and controlled, and high-sensitivity conversion from a pressure signal to a capacitance signal is realized. The flexible pressure sensor is simple in structure and excellent in flexibility, can be further integrated into a pressure sensing array, and is suitable for the fields of wearable electronics, electronic skin, man-machine interaction and the like.

The invention relates to a liquid metal tilt angle sensor with wettability regulated and controlled by graphite, which comprises a flexible polymer matrix, a liquid metal layer and a graphite layer, the graphite coating covers part of the surface of the inner wall of the micro-channel and is used for regulating and controlling the wettability of the inner wall; and the liquid metal is filled in the micro-channel and forms an axially continuous gradient section fluid. According to the method, the wettability of the inner wall to the liquid metal is regulated and controlled by coating the inner wall of the smooth flexible polymer micro-channel with graphite (and regulating the proportion of the coating area) by utilizing the characteristic that a graphite material is not wetted to the liquid metal. And by utilizing the surface oxidation film characteristic and high fluidity of the liquid metal, a liquid metal gradient section with instability can be formed in the pipeline. When the pipeline is inclined, the state (such as contact area or form) of the liquid metal surface can be changed under the action of gravity, so that the resistance of the liquid metal surface is influenced, and accurate angle detection can be realized.

The invention provides a covalent organic framework material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, 1, 3, 6, 8-tetra (4-aminophenyl) pyrene is selected as a central construction unit, and a trap state is realized in a covalent organic framework (COFs) by regulating and controlling the symmetry of active sites (benzothiadiazole, BT). Compared with a centrosymmetric counterpart in the COFs, by breaking the symmetry of the center BT core, the trap state density in the COFs can be remarkably reduced, and the service life of the shallow trap state can be prolonged to 1160.02 picoseconds. Therefore, more photo-induced electrons can participate in the photocatalytic reaction, and the remarkable performance (greater than 99%) of photocatalytic reduction of uranium (VI) is finally realized. According to the invention, the key effect of symmetric breaking in inhibition of excited state decay of COFs is clarified for the first time, and a profound solution is provided for understanding how to improve the photocatalytic performance of COFs in environmental restoration.

The invention provides a sulfide solid electrolyte with an MOF structure, and a preparation method and application thereof, the process is designed from a molecular level, and lithium ions and sulfur elements are used as basic components for constructing an MOF skeleton through in-situ combination of excellent ion conduction capability of the sulfide electrolyte and structural advantages of an MOF material; the bulk sulfide electrolyte with a regular three-dimensional multi-channel crystalline MOF structure is directly synthesized and constructed by taking a sulfur element as an inherent component of an MOF skeleton in a breakthrough manner, so that the intrinsic design of the sulfide MOF skeleton electrolyte is realized, and the problems of interface bonding, performance stability and ion transmission path are fundamentally solved; a sulfur element in the electrolyte is derived from sulfur atoms (such as-SH and-S-) of a ligand and participates in construction of an MOF skeleton, the electrolyte has the advantages of good interface stability, regular ion transmission channels, adjustable mechanical properties and the like, and the problems of poor interface stability, irregular ion transmission paths and the like of a sulfide electrolyte in the prior art are solved.

Provided are reduced-temperature plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition processes including application of a thin metal layer by contacting a substrate surface at temperatures of 300° C. or lower with a metal precursor and a plasma of a hydrogen-containing gas source generated directly or remotely.

The invention discloses a perovskite / crystalline silicon laminated cell based on polycrystalline silicon tunnel junction and interface modification, and belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology. The laminated cell is sequentially provided with a crystal silicon bottom cell, a polycrystalline silicon tunnel junction, an interface modification layer and a perovskite top cell from bottom to top. The polycrystalline silicon tunnel junction comprises an n-type polycrystalline silicon layer, an intrinsic layer and a p-type polycrystalline silicon layer from bottom to top; the doping concentration of the n-type polycrystalline silicon layer is gradually reduced towards the intrinsic layer, and the doping concentration of the p-type polycrystalline silicon layer is increased towards the direction far away from the intrinsic layer; the interface modification layer is arranged between the p-type polycrystalline silicon layer and the perovskite top cell; and the interface modification layer is adjacent to an electron transport layer of the perovskite top cell. Through the change design of the doping concentration of the polycrystalline silicon tunneling junction and the design of the interface modification layer and the hole transport layer, the problem of interface compatibility between the polycrystalline silicon tunneling layer and the perovskite top cell and the problem of poor stability of the laminated cell are solved, and the performance of the laminated cell is comprehensively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of ion characterization and preparation, in particular to a high-throughput preparation mass spectrum device and method giving consideration to high-resolution characterization. The device comprises an ion source, an ion transmission cavity, a quadrupole mass screening cavity, an ion dissociation cavity, an ion deflection cavity, an ion deceleration and deposition cavity and a high-resolution mass spectrum characterization cavity which are sequentially arranged, wherein the high-resolution mass spectrum characterization cavity is formed in one side of the ion deflection cavity in the vertical direction; soft ionization is combined with a quadrupole analyzer to screen ions, the ions are dissociated through a dissociation cavity, an ion deflection cavity is used for selecting a high-resolution characterization or high-throughput preparation function, a high-resolution mass spectrum characterization cavity is used for achieving high-resolution characterization of screened and fragmented ions, and an ion deceleration and deposition cavity is used for high-throughput preparation of the ions. According to the method, perfect compatibility of high-throughput preparation and high-resolution mass spectrum characterization is realized through ion deflection design, and the method has a wide application prospect in the fields of efficient preparation of biological macromolecules, synthetic macromolecules and the like and the like.

The invention aims to provide a method, equipment, medium and program product for determining acidity coefficient, the method comprises the following steps: constructing a simulation box corresponding to protein, the simulation box comprising the protein, a corresponding solvent and a buffer solution; performing molecular dynamics simulation on the simulation box by utilizing a trained machine learning force field to obtain corresponding track file information; and determining an acidity coefficient corresponding to each drippable site in the protein based on the track file information. A dynamic process of protein in a solution is accurately and efficiently simulated by utilizing a machine learning force field, and an accurate acidity coefficient is calculated based on a state of a protein solution system in simulation.

The application belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a solid-state electrolyte interface layer for a lithium metal negative electrode and an in-situ plasma construction method and application thereof. The core of the method is to use an organic-inorganic-alloy component precursor as a plasma reaction source, to control the mixing ratio and reaction conditions to perform plasma reaction on the surface of lithium metal, and to in-situ construct a unique gradient layered structure of an organic-inorganic-alloy composite artificial solid-state electrolyte interface layer. The outer layer of the solid-state electrolyte interface layer is a flexible organic phase, the middle layer is a rigid inorganic fast ion conductor, and the inner layer is a lithiumophilic alloy phase, which can synergistically inhibit lithium dendrite growth and significantly improve the interface stability of the lithium metal negative electrode. Meanwhile, the preparation method provided by the application is simple, rapid, efficient, environmentally friendly, mild in conditions and easy to control, significantly improves the cycle stability and coulombic efficiency of the lithium metal negative electrode, and is helpful to promote the development of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.

A method for manufacturing a quantum dot layer includes: performing first application of applying, to a position overlapping with a substrate, a first solution including a plurality of particles including a core and a first ligand, a first inorganic precursor, and a first solvent; performing first heating of heating first solution to a first temperature or higher after the performing first application, the first temperature being a higher temperature of a melting point of the first ligand and a boiling point of the first solvent; and performing second heating of heating the first inorganic precursor to a second temperature after the performing first heating, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature and being a temperature, at which the first inorganic precursor epitaxially grows around the core and at which a first shell configured to coat the core is formed to form a plurality of first quantum dots.

The invention provides bionic fractal micro-channel reactor equipment for fluid fuel hydrogen production, which is particularly suitable for marine mobile hydrogen production scenes such as a ship power system and an offshore hydrogen refueling station. The microreactor adopts an upper, middle and lower layer functional structure design, and comprises a diversion diffusion area, a chemical reaction area and a product buffer collection area, the diversion diffusion area and the product buffer collection area are fractal tree-shaped microchannels with optimal continuous length ratio and mass diffusion flux, and the diffusion resistance of reactants can be remarkably reduced. By virtue of the characteristics of compact structure, vibration resistance and easiness in integration of the fractal microchannel, uniform distribution and efficient transportation of reactants are realized, heat and mass transfer performance can be enhanced under harsh working conditions of the ocean, and hydrogen production efficiency and system reliability are improved by combining efficient heat source supply and fuel conversion processes; and the requirements of an ocean mobile platform on efficient, compact and stable hydrogen production equipment are met.

The present disclosure pertains to redox molecules with structures described herein. The present disclosure also pertains to an electrode that includes the molecules. The electrode may include a cathode. The present disclosure also pertains to an electrochemical cell with a cathode that includes a molecule of the present disclosure. The electrochemical cell may include a solid-state battery that includes: a cathode with a molecule of the present disclosure, an anode, and a solid electrolyte between the cathode and the anode.