834 results about "Ratio value" patented technology

Methods and apparatus are provided for high-speed, low-power, high-performance channel detection. A soft output channel detector is provided that operates at a rate of 1 / N and detects N bits per 1 / N-rate clock cycle. The channel detector comprises a plurality, D, of MAP detectors operating in parallel, wherein each of the MAP detectors generates N / D log-likelihood ratio values per 1 / N-rate clock cycle and wherein at least one of the plurality of MAP detectors constrains each of the bits. The log-likelihood ratio values can be merged to form an output sequence. A single MAP detector is also provided that comprises a forward detector for calculating forward state metrics; a backward detector for calculating backward state metrics; and a current branch detector for calculating a current branch metric, wherein at least two of the forward detector, the backward detector and the current branch detector employ different trellis structures.

Techniques are provided to encode and decode image data comprising a tone mapped (TM) image with HDR reconstruction data in the form of luminance ratios and color residual values. In an example embodiment, luminance ratio values and residual values in color channels of a color space are generated on an individual pixel basis based on a high dynamic range (HDR) image and a derivative tone-mapped (TM) image that comprises one or more color alterations that would not be recoverable from the TM image with a luminance ratio image. The TM image with HDR reconstruction data derived from the luminance ratio values and the color-channel residual values may be outputted in an image file to a downstream device, for example, for decoding, rendering, and / or storing. The image file may be decoded to generate a restored HDR image free of the color alterations.

A method for operating an optical sensor for measuring a physical quantity with a defined scale value that is subject to a calibration certification. The measurement accuracy of the quantity being measured is dependent on at least one external condition, and a given scale value is used for the measurement according to the desired measurement accuracy. The scale value is appropriately changed when the measurement accuracy changes due to a change of external condition. An optoelectronic sensor has a switching arrangement for changing the scale value. The sensor is more diversified and can cover larger measurement ranges without requiring new certifications or authorizations for the different measurement ranges.

A method and an apparatus for selecting an antenna from an antenna diversity array in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes the steps of modulating an incoming signal with a spread-spectrum type modulation, measuring a signal quality value for each antenna in the antenna diversity array, and selecting an antenna from the antenna diversity array on the basis of the measured signal quality values. The step of measuring a signal quality value for each antenna may include computing peak-to-average ratio values by dividing a peak sample value by an average sample value, where the average sample value is determined by averaging all of the predetermined number of sample values for each of the plurality of incoming spreading codewords, and the peak sample value is determined by selecting the maximum of all of the predetermined number of sample values for each of the plurality of incoming spreading codewords.

There is provided a method and apparatus for monitoring oil deterioration in real time. The method includes the steps of radiating light into an oil medium and measuring light intensities at red, green and blue wavelength ranges of the light after passing through a certain thickness of the oil. A ratio of the light intensity at the red wavelength range to the light intensity at the green wavelength range is computed by using the measured light intensities. These steps are repeated to monitor a change in the above ratio value in real time of oil use. The apparatus includes a light source means for radiating light into an oil medium, a color sensing means for measuring light intensities at red, green and blue wavelength ranges of the light that has passed through a certain thickness of the oil, and a control means for computing and monitoring a ratio of the light intensity at the red wavelength range to the light intensity at the green wavelength range, using the light intensities measured by the color sensing means.

An apparatus and method of analyzing an aqueous solution, as may be implemented with a hand-held portable electronic device (10). A test pad (32) responsive in color to a characteristic of an aqueous solution is interrogated by the device by measuring, in a plurality of wavelength ranges, intensity values of a test light as reflected off of the test strip. The intensity values may be expressed as values relative to intensities reflected off of white and black calibration surfaces. A relationship among the intensity values for the various wavelength ranges is developed through an algorithm that provides a ratio value that is responsive to the characteristic of the aqueous solution and that is non-responsive to absolute intensity values of the reflected light. The test pad may be supported on an opaque and non-reflective substrate (28) that cooperates with an opaque edge portion (14E) of a test element placement member (14B) and associated side walls (14W) of the device to minimize the impingement of ambient light onto the test pad during interrogation.

The invention discloses a video segment playback amount-based method for labeling highlights. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining actual play ratio values by a server by taking second as a time interval according to the combination of user operation information fed back by different client sides and video information; and extracting the play ratio values which are in various actual play ratio values which take second as time interval in the video and higher than or equal to the play ratio value, of extracted highlight information, preset in the server; simultaneously extending towards the former and the later time axes or extending in a single direction towards the later time axis from the time value in the time axis of the video and corresponding to a fixed point according to the fixed point in combination with a preset play time threshold value of the highlight information, wherein the fixed point is the time point of a second corresponding to the extracted actual play ratio value, and intercepting playing and extracting the corresponding highlight information when the play time threshold value is reached. The method disclosed by the invention is used for providing video clips with which a user is interested the video by taking large-data application in combination with interaction data of the user within a relatively short time after the video is on-line.

Disclosed is a complex light compensation C plate including at least two C plates representing different dispersion ratio values, respectively. The complex light compensation C plate improves a contrast characteristic of a liquid crystal display device at various viewing angles and has a broadband wavelength dispersion characteristic capable of minimizing color variation depending on various viewing angles in a black state of an LCD.

The present invention provides an urban traffic system state visualization evaluation method based on traffic flow characteristics. Said method includes the following steps: A, in specific road section collecting real-time signal waveform whose continuous time is not less than three months, forming traffic flow state parameter; B, making traffic flow state parameter undergo the process of signal filter treatment so as to obtain traffic flow sample population; C, calculating average value and standard difference of all the samples in sample population, and using ratio value of standard difference and average value as sample discrete coefficient; D, according to traffic flow multidimensional state parameter strong aggregation characteristics forming and optimizing standard characteristic-phase plane graph for evaluation; and E, placing historical data, current data and predictive data of traffic system on the standard phase graph, and visually distinguishing running state of traffic system and its change tendency.

Message delivery approaches are disclosed through which senders can guarantee that their messages are desired by intended recipients. In one embodiment, a Sender agrees with a Service Operator to pay a fine for each message that is reported as an unwanted by its Recipient. For senders that agree in advance to pay such fines, Service Operators may provide preferential message routing around “spam” filters knowing that a guarantee is in place. If the Recipient reports that the message is unwanted, the Service Operator can penalize the Sender by a fine in the agreed amount, or by modifying a bond ratio value, rating, or other experience value associated with the Sender. Estimates of the complaints expected for a Sender may be used to determine the outcomes of the tests applied by the Receiver.

A method for characterizing oxidative stress. The method includes dosing a ratio of HNE-to-DHN-protein in blood; comparing the ratio of HNE-to-DHN-protein in blood to a predetermined interval of ratio values associated with a predetermined level of oxidative stress; and classifying the oxidative stress as having reached the predetermined level if the ratio of HNE-to-DHN-protein in blood is within the predetermined interval of ratio values.

Disclosed herein is a method and system for classifying an audio signal using a sub-band energy analysis. An audio signal may be received as an input to the system for classifying an audio signal. The audio signal may be passed to a mathematical processor where the mathematical processor may perform a plurality of mathematical processes on the audio signal and calculating a ratio of energy contributable to speech and energy contributable to music. The ratio value R may be output to a comparator. The comparator may compare the calculated ratio R to a threshold value T and based upon the comparison classify the audio signal as one of speech or music.

Frequency filtering of spatially modulated or “tagged” MRI data in the spatial frequency k-space domain with subsequent 2DFT to the spatial domain and pixel-by-pixel arithmetic calculations provide robust ratio values that can be subjected to inverse trigonometric functions to derive B1 maps for an MRI system.

A method and apparatus for performing motion estimation in a digital video system is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention discloses a system that quickly calculates estimated motion vectors in a very efficient manner. In one embodiment, a first multiplicand is determined by multiplying a first display time difference between a first video picture and a second video picture by a power of two scale value. This step scales up a numerator for a ratio. Next, the system determines a scaled ratio by dividing that scaled numerator by a second first display time difference between said second video picture and a third video picture. The scaled ratio is then stored calculating motion vector estimations. By storing the scaled ratio, all the estimated motion vectors can be calculated quickly with good precision since the scaled ratio saves significant bits and reducing the scale is performed by simple shifts.

A method and apparatus for performing motion estimation in a digital video system is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention discloses a system that quickly calculates estimated motion vectors in a very efficient manner. In one embodiment, a first multiplicand is determined by multiplying a first display time difference between a first video picture and a second video picture by a power of two scale value. This step scales up a numerator for a ratio. Next, the system determines a scaled ratio by dividing that scaled numerator by a second first display time difference between said second video picture and a third video picture. The scaled ratio is then stored calculating motion vector estimations. By storing the scaled ratio, all the estimated motion vectors can be calculated quickly with good precision since the scaled ratio saves significant bits and reducing the scale is performed by simple shifts.

The invention discloses a segmented linear compensated CMOS band gap reference voltage source, characterized in that it comprises IPTAT current generation part, ICTAT current generation part, low temperature segment compensation current ICL generation part and high temperature segment compensation current ICH generation part. On the basis of traditional first-order curvature compensation, it divides the whole temperature range into high, medium and low temperature segments, compensates output voltage in each temperature range respectively and makes the output voltage have multiple local extremum points in the whole temperature range to achieve the segmented compensation purpose, so as to effectively improve the temperature characteristics of output voltage reference, reduce temperature coefficients and improve accuracy of output voltage. Besides, it can change amplitude of output voltage by regulating resistor ratio value, relatively flexible to use. The whole circuit has low power consumption and occupies smaller chip area.

A method and apparatus for performing motion estimation in a digital video system is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention discloses a system that quickly calculates estimated motion vectors in a very efficient manner. In one embodiment, a first multiplicand is determined by multiplying a first display time difference between a first video picture and a second video picture by a power of two scale value. This step scales up a numerator for a ratio. Next, the system determines a scaled ratio by dividing that scaled numerator by a second first display time difference between said second video picture and a third video picture. The scaled ratio is then stored calculating motion vector estimations. By storing the scaled ratio, all the estimated motion vectors can be calculated quickly with good precision since the scaled ratio saves significant bits and reducing the scale is performed by simple shifts.

The invention discloses a web page resource recommendation method and device, relating to the field of computers. The method comprises the following steps of: calculating the ratio of the frequency a subscriber marks web page resources with labels to the total frequency the subscriber marks the web page resources, marking the subscriber as the close subscriber of a certain label when the ratio value corresponding to the label is larger than a preset threshold value, and otherwise, marking the subscriber as the remote subscriber of the label; and outputting the web page resources to the subscriber according to the corresponding recommendation list of the close subscriber and the remote subscriber. The embodiment of the invention can recommend different web page resources to different subscribers according to the different types of the subscribers, so that the recommendation of the web page resources is more accurate, timely and effective. The embodiment of the invention is favorable for subscribers to quickly and conveniently find interesting web page resources.

The invention relates to a method for qualitatively detecting matter and quantitatively detecting components of the matter on the basis of a Raman spectrometer, and belongs to the field of matter detection. According to the method for qualitatively detecting the matter on the basis of the Raman spectrometer, a known sample is measured through the Raman spectrometer so that a standard spectrogram of the known sample can be obtained, two characteristic peaks are found in the standard spectrogram, energy values corresponding to the two characteristic peaks are divided to obtain a proportion value, and after the threshold of the proportion value is set, the threshold serves as the reference for qualitative judgment of an unknown sample. According to the method for quantitatively detecting the components of the matter on the basis of the Raman spectrometer, by testing multiple sets of mixtures in the known proportion, a standard curve is obtained according to the proportion value of two known samples in each set of known mixtures and the proportion value of the two corresponding characteristic peaks to serve as a basis for quantitative analysis of unknown mixtures. By means of the methods, deviations caused by unstable receiving of scattered light in the testing process of the Raman spectrometer can be eliminated, and the methods can be used for qualitative detection and analysis of mixtures and quantitative detection and analysis of the components of the mixtures.

Frequency filtering of spatially modulated or “tagged” MRI data in the spatial frequency k-space domain with subsequent 2DFT to the spatial domain and pixel-by-pixel arithmetic calculations provide robust ratio values that can be subjected to inverse trigonometric functions to derive B1 maps for an MRI system.

The invention discloses a method for calculating formation pressure based on petrophysical parameters, and uses well measurement data of a velocity of a P-wave VP, a velocity of a shear wave VS, a density Rho and a porosity Phi of formation. The method comprises the following steps: deriving a ratio value between a bulk modulus Kdry of a dry rock and a bulk modulus Kma of a rock matrix material by using a Gassmann equation; calculating an effective bulk modulus Kma of a mineral component according to a V-G-H model, calculating a bulk modulus Kf of a pore fluid according to a Wood model to calculate an effective stress coefficient Alpha and an Skempton coefficient B; and estimating the formation pressure according to an effective stress between the Skempton coefficient B and a porous media, the effective stress coefficient Alpha and the Skempton coefficient B. The method is suitable for a mixed lithology and a single lithology, the formation pressure is estimated without relying on a conventional under compaction theory of a mudstone or a shale, so that the calculated formation pressure is more close to real formation pressure.

Techniques are provided to encode and decode image data comprising a tone mapped (TM) image with HDR reconstruction data in the form of luminance ratios and color residual values. In an example embodiment, luminance ratio values and residual values in color channels of a color space are generated on an individual pixel basis based on a high dynamic range (HDR) image and a derivative tone-mapped (TM) image that comprises one or more color alterations that would not be recoverable from the TM image with a luminance ratio image. The TM image with HDR reconstruction data derived from the luminance ratio values and the color-channel residual values may be outputted in an image file to a downstream device, for example, for decoding, rendering, and / or storing. The image file may be decoded to generate a restored HDR image free of the color alterations.

A time warp contour calculator for use in an audio signal decoder is configured to receive an encoded warp ratio information, to derive a sequence of warp ratio values from the encoded warp ratio information, and to obtain warp contour node values starting from a time warp contour start value.Ratios between the time warp contour node values and the time warp contour starting value are determined by the warp ratio values. The time warp contour calculator is configured to compute a time warp contour node value of a given time warp contour node, on the basis of a product-formation having a ratio between the time warp contour node value of the intermediate time warp contour node and the time warp contour starting value and a ratio between the time warp contour node value of the given time warp contour node and the time-warp contour node value of the intermediate time warp contour node as factors.

The invention refers to the improvement of scaling method for lens deformation parameter. The steps are: places target, shoots target image, gets the coordinate of characteristic spot, and calculates the double ratio value CR of characteristic spot, obtains the expression of Xia, Xib, Xic, Xid, Yia, Yib, Yic, Yid, calculates the deformation parameter k1,k2.

The invention discloses a moisture content control method and a moisture content control system of inlet cut tobaccos of a cut-tobacco drier and relates to the technical field of cigarette cutting. The method comprises the following steps: according to set inlet moisture content of the cut-tobacco drier and a first environment parameter set, obtaining a first predication value of loosening and re-moisturizing outlet moisture content; according to a water adding ratio value, and temperature and humidity of a loosening and re-moisturizing phase, obtaining a second predication value of the loosening and re-moisturizing outlet moisture content; judging whether the difference between the first predication value and the second predication value is in a first pre-set range or not; if not, changing the water adding ratio value; and if so, carrying out loosening and re-moisturizing treatment according to the current water adding ratio value. According to the moisture content control method and system, by accurately adjusting the water adding ratio in the loosening and re-moisturizing phase, the moisture content of the inlet cut tobaccos of the cut-tobacco drier is stabilized nearby a process set value, and the effect of stabilizing the moisture content after cut tobacco drying is realized.

A clock generator for providing a desired system clock signal in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes a ring oscillator operable to provide an oscillator output signal having a first frequency, a divider operable to divide the oscillator output signal by a predetermined divisor and to output the divided signal as the desired system clock signal, a reference device operable to provide a reference signal with a known second frequency and a ratio device operable to provide a ratio value indicative of a relationship between the oscillator output signal and the reference signal, wherein the predetermined divisor of the divider is determined based on the ratio value such that the desired system clock signal has a desired frequency.

The embodiment of the invention provides an image encoding and decoding method and an encoding and decoding device, wherein the image encoding and decoding method comprises the steps of determining a second length according to the direction of a division line, a ratio value and a position parameter value, wherein the second length is the distance from a corresponding point of a point of an image block on the boundary of the image block to an end point of the division line; the end point of the division line is an intersection point of the division line and the boundary of the image block or a prolonged line of the boundary; the position parameter value indicates the position of the end point of the division line in the reference direction opposite to a reference end point; determining a division mode of the image block according to the direction of the division line, the first length, the second length and the ratio value; encoding the image block according to the division mode of the image block, wherein the first length is the distance from the point of the image block to the boundary of the image block; and encoding a direction reference value, the ratio value and the position parameter value. By using the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the complexity of an image encoding end for determining the division mode of the image block can be reduced.