486 results about "Insulin sensitivity" patented technology

An apparatus and method are provided for determining a patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR) and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF), and using these values, along with values for current blood glucose level and deviation from target blood glucose level, for determining insulin dose in view of carbohydrate intake during a particular time period. The apparatus and method employ algorithms that can be implemented in any of a personal computer, personal data assistant, hand held computing device, blood glucose monitor, infusion pump, medication delivery pen, meter, calculator, among other therapeutic, diagnostic or informational devices used for managing a patient's blood glucose levels.

Present invention is a system of blood glucose monitoring and intensive insulin therapy in a ICU for strict maintenance of normoglycemia which reduces intensive care and hospital mortality and morbidity of critically ill adult patients. The findings of present study also reveal factors determining insulin doses needed to maintain normoglycemia as well as the impact of insulin dose versus blood glucose level on the observed outcome benefits have been established. The invention provides a control system that adapts the flow of the insulin infusion based on insulin requirement calculated by blood glucose levels and clinical parameters such as history of diabetes, Body Mass Index, blood glucose level on admission, reason of ICU admission, time in the ICU, type and severity of illness, caloric intake, obesity, drugs affecting insulin sensitivity). This automated insulin monitoring systems significantly reduces the workload and human resource management problems for intensive insulin therapy in patients in the ICU.

Methods and apparatus are provided for determining a diabetic patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR), carbohydrate to blood glucose ratio (CGR), and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF) using the patient's record of blood glucose readings, carbohydrate consumption and insulin doses. The method provides the sensitivity factors that best account for the patient's observed blood glucose changes by linear regression of appropriately transformed variables. An apparatus that can collect and store the blood glucose readings, insulin dosages, and carbohydrate intake data and process these data according to this invention can generate statistically characterized sensitivity factors to advise the diabetic patient on optimal bolus insulin dosages.

Present invention is a system of blood glucose monitoring and intensive insulin therapy in a ICU for strict maintenance of normoglycemia which reduces intensive care and hospital mortality and morbidity of critically ill adult patients. The findings of present study also reveal factors determining insulin doses needed to maintain normoglycemia as well as the impact of insulin dose versus blood glucose level on the observed outcome benefits have been established. The invention provides a control system that adapts the flow of the insulin infusion based on insulin requirement calculated by blood glucose levels and clinical parameters such as history of diabetes, Body Mass Index, blood glucose level on admission, reason of ICU admission, time in the ICU, type and severity of illness, caloric intake, obesity, drugs affecting insulin sensitivity). This automated insulin monitoring systems significantly reduces the workload and human resource management problems for intensive insulin therapy in patients in the ICU.

An apparatus and method are provided for determining a patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR) and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF), and using these values, along with values for current blood glucose level and deviation from target blood glucose level, for determining insulin dose in view of carbohydrate intake during a particular time period. The apparatus and method employ algorithms that can be implemented in any of a personal computer, personal data assistant, hand held computing device, blood glucose monitor, infusion pump, medication delivery pen, meter, calculator, among other therapeutic, diagnostic or informational devices used for managing a patient's blood glucose levels.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data and insulin delivery data are used to generate more reliable projected alarms related to a projected glucose levels. A memory stores endogenous data related to measurements of glucose level in a patient, and also stores exogenous data, such as insulin on board, both of which are used by a processor to create projected alarms. Profiles of CGM data are created for use in tuning patient-specific insulin data, such at basal rate, carb ratio, and insulin sensitivity. A processor searches for patterns in the data profiles and if found, recommended changes to patient-specific insulin data are provided to permit more accurate control over a patient's glucose levels.

A health-monitoring device assesses the health of a user based on levels of two analytes in a biological fluid. A first analyte that is utilized to assess a user's health is a fat metabolism analyte, such as ketones, free fatty acids and glycerol, which is indicative of fat metabolism. A second analyte that is utilized is a glucose metabolism analyte, such as glucose. The levels of the two analytes may be used to assess insulin sensitivity, to detect both recent hypoglycemia and the cause of high glucose levels, and / or to guide therapeutic intervention. The dual analyte model may calculate a discrepancy between an actual insulin activity level and a theoretical insulin activity level. The dual analyte model of the present invention may be used to identify individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and non-insulin dependent diabetes, and allows monitoring of the progression of those disease states, as well as progress made by therapeutic interventions.

A method, system, and computer program product related to the detection of physical activity using changes in heart rate. The method, system, and computer program product evaluates short term glucose demand and long term insulin action due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is further related to the improvement of open and closed loop control of diabetes by accounting for the metabolic changes due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is directed to detecting in real time the short and long term effects of physical activity on insulin action via heart rate analysis, and recommending changes in insulin dosing to compensate for the effects of physical activity. With these recommendations, the open and closed loop control of diabetes can be improved and steps can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia that may result from increased insulin sensitivity due to physical activity.

The present invention is concerned with a method for improving blood glucose control or for preventing or treating a condition requiring increasing insulin sensitivity or reducing insulin resistance in a subject in need of such control which comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more quinones of Formula I.

A method, system and computer program product for evaluating or determining a user's insulin sensitivity (SI). An initial step or module may include acquiring SMBG readings from a predetermined period. Another step or module may include computing an estimate of insulin sensitivity (SI) from the SMBG readings. Another step or module may include using the estimate of SI to compute individualized carbohydrate ratio. Additionally, another step or module may include using the estimate of SI to compute individualized correction factor. The computation of the two components of an insulin dose calculator, carbohydrate ratio and correction factor, uses this estimate, which allows the tailoring of carbohydrate ratio and correction factor to the present state of the person.

Biomarkers relating to insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy are provided, as well as methods for using such biomarkers as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. In addition, methods for modulating the respective disorders or conditions of a subject are also provided. Also provided are suites of small molecule entities as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods used to modulate a NH2-terminal Jun Kinase activity. These compositions and methods can be employed to regulate metabolic disorders associated with, for example, insulin such as diabetes. The reduction in NH2-terminal Jun Kinase activity can lead to the reduction in weight and improve insulin sensitivity.

Insulin sensitivity increasing substances (ISIS), including but not limited to D-chiro-inositol, thiazolidinedione and derivatives, and biguanides, are useful in the treatment of hair loss and other disorders of the pilosebaceous apparatus (hirsutism, acne, etc.) associated with conditions of excess insulin and / or insulin resistance. The treatment comprises administering to a mammal, such as a human, at least one ISIS either alone or in combination with at least one agent, such as an androgen receptor blocker (ARB) and / or a steroid enzyme inhibitor or inducer (STI). Additionally, an activity enhancing agent may be included for topical administration.

Methods and modules for using physiological (biometric) variables to advance the state of the artificial pancreas. The method and system includes one or more modules for recursive model identification, hypoglycemia early alert and alarm, adaptive control, hyperglycemia early alert and alarm, plasma insulin concentration estimation, assessment of physical activity (e.g., presence, type, duration, expected effects on insulin sensitivity and GC), detection of acute stress and assessment of its impact on insulin sensitivity, detection of sleep and its stages and assessment of sleep stages on GC, sensor fault detection and diagnosis, software and controller performance evaluation and adjustment and / or pump fault detection and diagnosis.

A method of managing use of an insulin infusion device is presented here. The method identifies bolus calculator event data from glucose data for a user of the infusion device. The bolus calculator event data corresponds to use of a bolus calculator that calculates bolus dosage recommendations based on a user entered carbohydrate consumption value, a user entered current blood glucose value, a user specific carbohydrate ratio value, and a user specific insulin sensitivity value. The method filters the bolus calculator event data to remove glucose data associated with certain conditions, and analyzes the filtered data to detect an event occurrence that is indicative of potential maladjustment of the carbohydrate ratio value or the insulin sensitivity value. The method outputs a recommendation to adjust the carbohydrate ratio value or the insulin sensitivity value, based on characteristics of the detected event occurrence.

A system and a method for determining an assessed carbohydrate to insulin ratio of a patient is described. The system and the method can comprise a memory component adapted for storing an initial set of values comprising at least one of a blood glucose level, a target blood glucose level, an insulin sensitivity, and, an estimated carbohydrate to insulin ratio. The system and the method can also comprise a bolus selection component adapted for selecting a test bolus corresponding to the determined initial set of values and a planned meal. In one implementation, the bolus selection component can receive bolus dose input from a user. In another implementation, the bolus selection component can estimate the bolus dose using a set of available inputs (e.g. the amount of carbohydrates in the planned meal). The system and the method can further comprise a user interface component adapted for receiving a confirmation that the test bolus has been administered to the patient. In some implementations, the user interface component can be adapted for selecting a meal of a known content.

A natural composition formulated to modulate multiple pathophysiological processes in order to facilitate homeostatic glucose metabolism in a patient, and more particularly to increase insulin sensitivity in the same. The natural composition is a safe and effective formulation for the etiological prevention and treatment of diseases, complications, conditions, or disorders associated with chronic or long-term destabilization of glucose metabolism.

The subject invention provides compositions and methods for treating diabetes in patients. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides compositions methods for treating diabetes and / or preventing or alleviating complications associated with diabetes. Specifically exemplified herein is the concurrent administration of a cysteamine compound with at least one additional therapeutic agent to prevent and / or treat diabetes as well as prevent and / or treat complications associated with diabetes. In a preferred embodiment, oral administration of cysteamine hydrochloride with Metformin to a patient diagnosed with diabetes can substantially regulate the patient's glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

The invention provides methods, compositions, and dietary formulations useful for managing blood glucose, preventing or treating insulin resistance, and improving insulin sensitivity. The methods comprise administering to an animal a therapeutically effective amount of a combination of at least two of one or more antioxidants; one or more anti-glycation agents; one or more body fat reducing agents; one or more insulin sensitivity enhancing agents; and one or more anti-inflammatory agents.

A system and a method for determining an assessed carbohydrate to insulin ratio of a patient is described. The system and the method can comprise a memory component adapted for storing an initial set of values comprising at least one of a blood glucose level, a target blood glucose level, an insulin sensitivity, and, an estimated carbohydrate to insulin ratio. The system and the method can also comprise a bolus selection component adapted for selecting a test bolus corresponding to the determined initial set of values and a planned meal. In one implementation, the bolus selection component can receive bolus dose input from a user. In another implementation, the bolus selection component can estimate the bolus dose using a set of available inputs (e.g. the amount of carbohydrates in the planned meal). The system and the method can further comprise a user interface component adapted for receiving a confirmation that the test bolus has been administered to the patient. In some implementations, the user interface component can be adapted for selecting a meal of a known content.

Provided are methods for determining concurrently with a simple, minimally invasive test, the adequacy of pancreatic beta-cell compensation and / or the presence of tissue insulin resistance in a subject human or an experimental animal. The methods allow for the determination of a subject's or experimental animal's susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) or to progression to more advanced forms of DM2. Among other uses, the methods allow for diagnostic classification of subjects for decisions regarding therapeutic interventions, clinical differentiation between type 1 DM and DM2, clinical monitoring of treatments intended to reduce risk of developing DM2 in non-diabetic subjects, clinical monitoring of agents intended to improve existing DM2 and to prevent progression of DM2, clinical development and testing of new compounds, candidate agents, or candidate therapies for preventing progression to DM2 or disease progression in existing DM2, and preclinical screening of candidate agents or candidate therapies in experimental animals to identify and characterize agents having insulin-sensitizing properties, pancreatic stimulatory or regenerative properties or other desirable actions.

The subject invention provides compositions and methods for treating diabetes in patients. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides compositions methods for treating diabetes and / or preventing or alleviating complications associated with diabetes. Specifically exemplified herein is the concurrent administration of a cysteamine compound with at least one additional therapeutic agent to prevent and / or treat diabetes as well as prevent and / or treat complications associated with diabetes. In a preferred embodiment, oral administration of cysteamine hydrochloride with Metformin to a patient diagnosed with diabetes can substantially regulate the patient's glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

An apoptosis inhibitor which comprises a compound of the formula: wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group that may be substituted or a heterocyclic group that may be substituted; Y represents a group of the formula: -CO-, -CH(OH)- or -NR3- where R3 represents an alkyl group that may be substituted; m is 0 or 1; n is 0, 1 or 2; X represents CH or N; A represents a chemical bond or a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms; Q represents oxygen or sulfur; R1 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group; ring E may have further 1 to 4 substituents, which may form a ring in combination with R1; L and M respectively represent hydrogen or may be combined with each other to form a chemical bond; or a salt thereof, or a compound having an insulin sensitivity enhancing activity.

The invention relates, in part, to of Glu-boroPro containing compounds and methods of use thereof in the prevention or management of conditions that are associated with impaired glucose tolerance such as diabetes. The invention also relates to compositions of Glu-boroPro containing compounds and methods of use thereof in the prevention or management of conditions such as metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemias, inflammation, cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, and to reduce body weight or prevent weight gain. The compounds of the invention are also useful in lowering levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, C-reactive protein (CRP), HbA1C, total glycosylated hemoglobin (TGHb), in increasing insulin sensitivity index and in stimulating insulin release.

A method of increasing the insulin sensitivity of insulin resistant cells includes administering to the cells an amount of all-trans-retinoic acid effective to activate transcription factor perosixome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β / δ of the cells.

A method, system, and computer program product related to the detection of physical activity using changes in heart rate. The method, system, and computer program product evaluates short term glucose demand and long term insulin action due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is further related to the improvement of open and closed loop control of diabetes by accounting for the metabolic changes due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is directed to detecting in real time the short and long term effects of physical activity on insulin action via heart rate analysis, and recommending changes in insulin dosing to compensate for the effects of physical activity. With these recommendations, the open and closed loop control of diabetes can be improved and steps can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia that may result from increased insulin sensitivity due to physical activity.

Methods, reports and systems for generating insulin resistance indexes for assessing decreased insulin sensitivity and / or levels of insulin resistance using a plurality of different measured lipoprotein particle parameters.

The present invention provides a production method of staple food vermicelli for diabetic population, and the method is as follows: degreasing and ultra-finely grinding tartary buckwheat bran powder, mixing the tartary buckwheat bran powder with part of tartary buckwheat powder, then pre-cooking, then mixing with residual tartary buckwheat powder for preparing tartary buckwheat whole powder, and preparing vermicelli rich in the tartary buckwheat whole powder by formulation optimizing and vacuum flour mixing technology. The vermicelli rich in the tartary buckwheat whole powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 80 parts of the tartary buckwheat whole powder, 1 to 30 parts of hulless oat, 20 to 90 parts of wheat flour, 1 to 50 parts of resistant starch, 0.5 to 10 parts of high active gluten powder, 0.1 to 2.5 parts of edible salt, 0.1 to 0.5 part of edible colloid, 0.5 to 10 parts of starch and 0.1 to 0.2 part of dietary alkali. The vermicelli rich in the tartary buckwheat whole powder has the effects of significant control of rise in blood sugar after meals for type 2 diabetic patients, improvement of insulin sensitivity and reduction of insulin resistance, and can be used as a good staple food choice for the type 2 diabetic patients.

An algorithm and method of making intelligent therapy recommendations for insulin pump parameters is described. The pump parameters include basal rates, carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (CIR), and insulin sensitivity factors (ISF). A determination of whether a therapy recommendation should be made is based on comparing an updated recommended change with a threshold. The updated recommended change to the pump parameter is made based on a previous recommended change to the pump parameter and the difference between a current blood glucose value and a targeted blood glucose level. The algorithm and method confirms the therapy recommendation is within safety parameters before displaying the therapy recommendation.